Publications by authors named "Bourguignon M"

Background: Vision is commonly reported to play a crucial role in postural control and even more so in advancing age. Among its functions, visual motion perception provides the brain with information about self-motion and the motion of the surrounding environment.

Objectives: To clarify the nature of the relationship between visual motion acuity and postural control and its modulation with age.

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We report here on the facile synthesis of poly(hydroxyurethane) (PHU) networks obtained via the ring-opening of cyclic carbonates present on bio-based carbonated soybean oil by poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) segments of various lengths and functionalized at both ends by amines. We also explore the possibility to prepare PHU-poly(epoxy) mixed networks by additionally incorporating PEG segments functionalized at both ends by epoxides in the reaction mixture. The accordingly obtained polymer networks possess high flexibility and a good interfacial stability.

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  • Maintaining balance requires the brain to integrate information from visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive systems to adjust posture effectively.
  • The study investigates whether cerebral cortex activity is linked to postural sways during balance tasks, revealing that cortico-kinematic coherence (CKC) exists in the brain's oscillations when standing.
  • Findings show that the brain monitors center-of-pressure (CoP) variations and controls balance actively, making CKC a potential indicator of how the brain supports stability, particularly when sensory information is altered.
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  • * These mutations lead to defective fibrillin, which compromises connective tissues and alters TGF-β expression, increasing the risk of vascular issues and sensitivity to radiation-induced damage.
  • * The study investigated the radiation response of fibroblasts from MFS patients, finding that these cells exhibit moderate radiosensitivity and impaired DNA repair mechanisms, linked to the impaired movement of ATM protein due to mutated fibrillin and elevated TGF-β levels.
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Radiation impacting astronauts in their spacecraft come from a "bath" of high-energy rays (0.1-0.5 mGy per mission day) that reaches deep tissues like the heart and bones and a "stochastic rain" of low-energy particles from the shielding and impacting surface tissues like skin and lenses.

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Rationale: Cortical activity is coupled with streams of sensory stimulation. The coupling with the temporal envelope of heard speech is known as the cortical tracking of speech (CTS), and that with movement kinematics is known as the corticokinematic coupling (CKC). Simultaneous measurement of both couplings is desirable in clinical settings, but it is unknown whether the inherent dual-tasking condition has an impact on CTS or CKC.

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Video presentation has become ubiquitous in paradigms investigating the neural and behavioral responses to observed actions. In spite of the great interest in uncovering the processing of observed bodily movements and actions in neuroscience and cognitive science, at present, no standardized set of video stimuli for action observation research in neuroimaging settings exists. To facilitate future action observation research, we developed an open-access database of 135 high-definition videos of a male actor performing object-oriented actions.

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Unlabelled: Although carcinogenesis is a multi-factorial process, the mutability and the capacity of cells to proliferate are among the major features of the cells that contribute together to the initiation and promotion steps of cancer formation. Particularly, mutability can be quantified by hyper-recombination rate assessed with specific plasmid assay, hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) mutations frequency rate, or MRE11 nuclease activities. Cell proliferation can be assessed by flow cytometry by quantifying G2/M, G1 arrests, or global cellular evasion.

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Purpose: Since 2004, in the frame of the care pathway, our Research Unit has replied to the demand of expertise of radiation oncologists about the individual radiosensitivity of some of their patients. This procedure, called COPERNIC, is based on a skin biopsy and the radiation-induced nucleoshuttling of the ATM protein (the RIANS model), a major actor of DNA break repair and signaling. In 2016, with the first 117COPERNIC fibroblast lines, we obtained a significant correlation between the maximum number of the nuclear ATM foci, pATM, and the CTCAE severity grade of the post-radiotherapy tissue reactions.

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Fluorescent foams with interconnected pores are attractive for the detection and quantification of various products. However, many fluorescent probes are suffering from aggregation-caused fluorescence quenching in their solid/aggregated state, are costly, and/or not straightforward to incorporate in foams, limiting their utility for this application. Herein, non-isocyanate polyurethane foams, prepared by the simple water-induced self-blowing process, present a nonconventional fluorescence behaviour, i.

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While the simultaneous degradation of muscle composition and postural stability in aging are independently highly investigated due to their association with fall risk, the interplay between the two has received little attention. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explore how age-related changes in muscle composition relate to postural stability. To that aim, we collected posturography measures and ultrasound images of the dominant Vastus Lateralis and Biceps Brachii from 32 young (18-35 year old) and 34 older (65-85 year old) participants.

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  • The text discusses a new long-term survival model that combines Poisson and Birnbaum-Saunders distributions to handle competing causes of events in survivability studies.
  • It highlights statistical properties of the model, introduces an Expectation-Maximization algorithm for parameter estimation, and sets conditions for ensuring reliable statistical inference.
  • The practical application is demonstrated using a breast cancer dataset from São Paulo, Brazil, showing that this new model offers better fitting than traditional models.
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  • Immunofluorescence using antibodies against γH2AX is enhancing our understanding of how cells repair DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) but is influenced by factors like stress type, radiation dose, and chromatin structure.
  • This study investigates how changes in chromatin conformation affect the pattern and intensity of γH2AX foci and shows that chromosome decondensation significantly alters the γH2AX signal observed.
  • The researchers introduce a "Christmas light model" to explain the variability in γH2AX focus patterns, suggesting this can apply to other DNA damage markers as well.
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While cancer is one of the most documented diseases, how normal cells become cancerous is still debated. To address this question, in the first part of this review, we investigated the long succession of theories of carcinogenesis since antiquity. Initiated by Hippocrates, Aristotle, and Galen, the humoral theory interpreted cancer as an excess of acid, the black bile.

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Radiobiological data, whether obtained at the clinical, biological or molecular level has significantly contributed to a better description and prediction of the individual dose-response to ionizing radiation and a better estimation of the radiation-induced risks. Particularly, over the last seventy years, the amount of radiobiological data has considerably increased, and permitted the mathematical formulas describing dose-response to become less empirical. A better understanding of the basic radiobiological mechanisms has also contributed to establish quantitative inter-correlations between clinical, biological and molecular biomarkers, refining again the mathematical models of description.

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Objective: To investigate cortical oscillations during a sentence completion task (SC) using magnetoencephalography (MEG), focusing on the semantic control network (SCN), its leftward asymmetry, and the effects of semantic control load.

Methods: Twenty right-handed adults underwent MEG while performing SC, consisting of low cloze (LC: multiple responses) and high cloze (HC: single response) stimuli. Spectrotemporal power modulations as event-related synchronizations (ERS) and desynchronizations (ERD) were analyzed: first, at the whole-brain level; second, in key SCN regions, posterior middle/inferior temporal gyri (pMTG/ITG) and inferior frontal gyri (IFG), under different semantic control loads.

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Objectives: To assess the test-retest reliability of the corticokinematic coherence (CKC), an electrophysiological marker of proprioception, in children with cerebral palsy (CP).

Methods: Electroencephalography (EEG) signals from 15 children with unilateral or bilateral CP aged 23 to 53 months were recorded in two sessions 3 months apart using 128-channel EEG caps. During each session, children's fingers were moved at 2 Hz by an experimenter, in separate recordings for the more-affected (MA) and less-affected (LA) hands.

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Voluntary motor control is thought to be predicated on the ability to efficiently integrate and process somatosensory afferent information. However, current approaches in the field of motor control have not factored in objective markers of how the brain tracks incoming somatosensory information. Here, we asked whether motor performance relates to such markers obtained with an analysis of the coupling between peripheral kinematics and cortical oscillations during continuous movements, best known as corticokinematic coherence (CKC).

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For decades, self-blown polyurethane foams─found in an impressive range of materials─are produced by the toxic isocyanate chemistry and are difficult to recycle. Producing them in existing production plants by a rapid isocyanate-free self-blowing process from room temperature (RT) formulations is a long-lasting challenge. The recent water-induced self-blowing of nonisocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) formulations composed of a CO-based tricyclic carbonate, diamine, water, and a catalyst successfully addressed the isocyanate issue, however failed to provide foams at RT.

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  • Menkes' disease and Wilson's disease are genetic disorders related to copper metabolism caused by mutations in specific genes, and cells from these diseases show a response to DNA damage that hasn't been thoroughly explored yet.
  • In experiments with skin fibroblast lines from both diseases, cells exhibited moderate sensitivity to radiation, with delays in key processes that recognize and repair DNA damage, attributed to interactions of a copper-related protein with crucial repair proteins.
  • The study suggests that ionizing radiation might worsen the clinical aspects of Menkes' and Wilson's diseases, highlighting the need for caution when these patients undergo radiation-related medical procedures.
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Objective: To assess the effects to functional connectivity (FC) caused by lesions related to spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (CP) in children and adolescents using multiple imaging modalities.

Methods: We used resting state magnetoencephalography (MEG) envelope signals in alpha, beta and gamma ranges and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signals to quantify FC between selected sensorimotor regions of interest (ROIs) in 11 adolescents with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy and 24 typically developing controls. Motor performance of the hands was quantified with gross motor, fine motor and kinesthesia tests.

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Speech understanding, while effortless in quiet conditions, is challenging in noisy environments. Previous studies have revealed that a feasible approach to supplement speech-in-noise (SiN) perception consists in presenting speech-derived signals as haptic input. In the current study, we investigated whether the presentation of a vibrotactile signal derived from the speech temporal envelope can improve SiN intelligibility in a multi-talker background for untrained, normal-hearing listeners.

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Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ATSCs) have been used as an alternative to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) for bone tissue engineering applications. The ability of ATSCs to promote new bone formation remains lower than that of BMSCs. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying osteogenicity differences between human ATSCs and BMSCs in ceramic constructs, focusing on the effects of inflammation on this process.

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Studies about radiation-induced human cataractogenesis are generally limited by (1) the poor number of epithelial lens cell lines available (likely because of the difficulties of cell sampling and amplification) and (2) the lack of reliable biomarkers of the radiation-induced aging process. We have developed a mechanistic model of the individual response to radiation based on the nucleoshuttling of the ATM protein (RIANS). Recently, in the frame of the RIANS model, we have shown that, to respond to permanent endo- and exogenous stress, the ATM protein progressively agglutinates around the nucleus attracted by overexpressed perinuclear ATM-substrate protein.

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  • Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) allows for high doses of radiation to be delivered in fewer sessions, potentially aided by biological mechanisms such as the hypersensitivity to low dose (HRS) phenomenon.
  • Research shows that when HRS-positive tumor cells are exposed to SBRT, they experience more severe DNA damage compared to HRS-negative cells, indicating that HRS can enhance the effectiveness of radiation therapy.
  • The findings suggest that SBRT's approach of using minibeams for dose delivery could lead to better outcomes in HRS-positive tumors, and may also influence the risk of tissue overreactions after radiation treatment.
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