Accuracy of distinguishing benign, high-risk lesions and malignancies with inductive machine learning models in BIRADS 4 and BIRADS 5 lesions on breast MR examinations.

Rationale And Objectives: The aim of this study is to explore the utility of Inductive Decision Tree models (IDTs) in distinguishing between benign, malignant, and high-risk (B3) breast lesions.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed 124 histologically confirmed lesions in 114 patients who underwent breast MR with BI-RADS 4 or 5 assessment. The dataset comprised 10 imaging parameters and one clinical observation.

MRI Assessed Placental Location as a Diagnostic Tool of Placental Invasiveness and Maternal Peripartum Morbidity.

Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorder is one of the leading causes of peripartum maternal morbidity and mortality; its early identification during pregnancy is of utmost importance to ensure the optimal clinical outcome. The aim of the present study is to investigate the possible association of the presence and type/location of placenta previa on MRI with PAS and maternal peripartum outcome. One hundred eighty-nine pregnant women (mean age: 35 years; mean gestational age: 32 weeks) at high risk for PAS underwent a dedicated placental MRI.

Manifestations of Ovarian Cancer in Relation to Other Pelvic Diseases by MRI.

Imaging plays a pivotal role in the diagnostic approach of women with suspected ovarian cancer. MRI is widely used for preoperative characterization and risk stratification of adnexal masses. While epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has typical findings on MRI; there are several benign and malignant pelvic conditions that may mimic its appearance on imaging.

A Novel Approach for Estimating Ovarian Cancer Tissue Heterogeneity through the Application of Image Processing Techniques and Artificial Intelligence.

Purpose: Tumor heterogeneity may be responsible for poor response to treatment and adverse prognosis in women with HGOEC. The purpose of this study is to propose an automated classification system that allows medical experts to automatically identify intratumoral areas of different cellularity indicative of tumor heterogeneity.

Methods: Twenty-two patients underwent dedicated pelvic MRI, and a database of 11,095 images was created.

Comparison between 1.5-T and 3.0-T MRI for the diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum disorders.

Purpose: Accurate antenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is important for optimal management. The purpose of this study was to compare the respective capabilities of 1.5-T and 3.

Comparison of MRI Features of Fat Fraction and ADC for Early Treatment Response Assessment in Participants with Multiple Myeloma.

Background An imaging-based predictor of response could provide prognostic information early during treatment course in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Purpose To investigate if very early changes in bone marrow relative fat fraction (rFF) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram metrics, occurring after one cycle of induction therapy in participants with newly diagnosed MM, could help predict overall best response status. Materials and Methods This prospective study included participants with MM who were enrolled between August 2014 and December 2017.

Imaging during pregnancy: What the radiologist needs to know.

During the last decades, there has been a growing demand for medical imaging in gravid women. Imaging of the pregnant woman is challenging as it involves both the mother and the fetus and, consequently, several medical, ethical, or legal considerations are likely to be raised. Theoretically, all currently available imaging modalities may be used for the evaluation of the pregnant woman; however, in practice, confusion regarding the safety of the fetus often results in unnecessary avoidance of useful diagnostic tests, especially those involving ionizing radiation.

Intraplacental Fetal Vessel Diameter May Help Predict for Placental Invasiveness in Pregnant Women at High Risk for Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders.

Background Prenatal identification of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorder is essential for treatment planning. More objective means for predicting PAS and clinical outcome may be provided by MRI descriptors. Purpose To investigate the association of intraplacental fetal vessel (IFV) diameter at MRI with PAS and peripartum complications.

The Role of Low Dose Whole Body CT in the Detection of Progression of Patients with Smoldering Multiple Myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematological malignancy, characterized by plasma cell bone marrow infiltration and end-organ involvement. Smoldering MM (SMM) is an intermediate clinical entity between MGUS and MM, with a risk of progression to symptomatic disease 10% per year. Bone disease is the most frequent symptom of MM, with ~90% of patients developing bone lesions throughout their disease course.

Imaging of Gynecologic Malignancy in a Reproductive Age Female: Cancer During Pregnancy.

Gynecologic malignancies are common among cancers diagnosed during pregnancy, especially those of cervical and ovarian origin. Imaging is an important part of the diagnosis, staging, and follow-up of pregnancy-associated gynecologic tumors, with sonography and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging being the most suitable modalities. MR imaging is particularly useful in cervical cancer for the evaluation of tumor size, nodal, and extrapelvic disease.

Society of Abdominal Radiology (SAR) and European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR) joint consensus statement for MR imaging of placenta accreta spectrum disorders.

Objectives: This study was conducted in order to establish the joint Society of Abdominal Radiology (SAR) and European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR) guidelines on placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders and propose strategies to standardize image acquisition, interpretation, and reporting for this condition with MRI.

Methods: The published evidence-based data and the opinion of experts were combined using the RAND-UCLA Appropriateness Method and formed the basis for these consensus guidelines. The responses of the experts to questions regarding the details of patient preparation, MRI protocol, image interpretation, and reporting were collected, analyzed, and classified as "recommended" versus "not recommended" (if at least 80% consensus among experts) or uncertain (if less than 80% consensus among experts).

Treatment of Bing-Neel syndrome with first line sequential chemoimmunotherapy: A case report.

Rationale: Bing-Neel syndrome (BNS) is a rare manifestation of Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) with <200 cases reported in the literature. Herein, we describe a case of newly diagnosed BNS treated with a novel therapeutic strategy.

Patient Concerns: A 67-year-old woman diagnosed with asymptomatic WM 3 years ago presented with gradual vision deterioration the past 3 months.

Stripped fetal vessel sign: a novel pathological feature of abnormal fetal vasculature in placenta accreta spectrum disorders with MRI correlates.

Abnormal intraplacental hypervascularity is a well-known MRI feature of Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS), but the precise nature of these vessels has not yet been specified. Histopathological examination of eleven PAS-hysterectomy specimens and subsequent review of the corresponding MRIs, revealed the presence of large fetal vascular trunks extending deep towards the placental periphery and demonstrating deficient branching along their course ('stripped-fetal-vessel' sign). To our knowledge, this is the first report to describe the pattern of abnormal fetal vasculature in correlation with MRI in PAS.

Αdnexal cystic lymphangiomas in patients with massive leiomyomatous uterus: a not so uncommon finding on pelvic MRI.

Purpose: To investigate any association between the presence of an adnexal cystic lymphangioma (ACL) and an enlarged leiomyomatous uterus.

Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted by two expert radiologists using a 10-year MRI database (2008-2018); 85 patients (mean age: 45.5 years ± 10.

MRI prognosticators for adverse maternal and neonatal clinical outcome in patients at high risk for placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders.

Background: Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders may be associated with significant mortality and morbidity for both mother and fetus.

Purpose/hypothesis: To identify MRI risk factors for poor peripartum outcome in gravid patients at risk for PAS.

Study Type: Prospective.

Abdominal Radical Trachelectomy for Early-Stage Cervical Cancer During Pregnancy: A Provocative Surgical Approach. Overview of the Literature and a Single-Institute Experience.

Objective: Treatment of pregnancy complication due to malignancy of the cervix constitutes a great clinical challenge between optimal maternal therapy and fetal viability. Radical trachelectomy in early-stage cervical cancer during pregnancy instead of radical hysterectomy presents an alternative approach that can offer a satisfactory outcome for the mother and fetus.

Materials And Methods-results: A literature search of articles in English has been performed.

MR imaging features and tumor biomarkers of screen-detected and non-screen detected breast cancers: preliminary results of a comparative study.

Purpose: To investigate differences in clinical features, MRI findings and tumor biomarker characteristics in screen-detected (SCD) and non-screendetected (NSCD) cancers.

Material And Methods: A total of 62 women (mean age, 48.4 years; range, 33-68 years) with biopsy confirmed breast cancer who underwent preoperative breast MRI were retrospectively evaluated by two expert radiologists.

MRI Features Predictive of Invasive Placenta With Extrauterine Spread in High-Risk Gravid Patients: A Prospective Evaluation.

Objective: The objective of our study was to evaluate MRI diagnostic ability in predicting invasive placenta with extrauterine spread in high-risk gravid patients.

Subjects And Methods: Between March 2016 and June 2017, 49 patients (mean age, 35.7 years; mean gestational age, 32.

MR imaging of endometriosis: Spectrum of disease.

Endometriosis is a common gynecological disorder defined by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. It is the most common cause of chronic pelvic pain and typically affects the ovaries, uterine ligaments, peritoneum, tubes, rectovaginal septum and bladder. It may, however, be found at various extrapelvic sites, including the perineum, liver, pancreas, lung or even the central nervous system, and in such cases, diagnosis may be quite challenging.

Pre- and postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in patients treated with laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy. Is it a safe procedure for all patients?

Introduction: Laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (LSCP) is a reference operation for apical compartment prolapse repair. Aim of this study is to describe the early and midterm postoperative MRI findings of the lumbosacral region (LSR) in patients undergoing LSCP and to detect any imaging changes that the presence of the mesh may cause on patients with preexisting degenerative disease of the LSR.

Methods: Patients with POP-Q grade III and IV uterovaginal or vaginal vault prolapse who were considered eligible for LSCP were invited to participate.

Incidence, time trends and survival patterns of childhood pilocytic astrocytomas in Southern-Eastern Europe and SEER, US.

Pilocytic astrocytomas (PA) comprise the most common childhood central nervous system (CNS) tumor. Exploiting registry-based data from Southern and Eastern Europe (SEE) and SEER, US, we opted to examine incidence, time trends, survival and tentative outcome disparities of childhood PA by sociodemographic and clinical features. Childhood PA were retrieved from 12 SEE registries (N = 552; 1983-2014) and SEER (N = 2723; 1973-2012).