Appeasing Pheromones against Bovine Respiratory Complex and Modulation of Immune Transcript Expressions.

Bovine respiratory disease is still a major concern and has major economic impact. Another consequence of respiratory infections is the use of antimicrobial molecules to control bacterial pathogens. This can participate in the emergence and shedding of antimicrobial resistance that can threaten animal as well as human health.

Adult testicular torsion.

Purpose: Testicular torsion in adulthood is thought to be relatively unusual. We compared a series of men 21 years old or older with testicular torsion with a concurrent series of younger patients with torsion.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed the medical records of patients admitted with testicular torsion in a 9-year period to hospitals affiliated with our institution.

Prediction of spontaneous ureteral calculous passage by an artificial neural network.

Purpose: Although a consensus exists that small stones presenting in the distal ureter have a good probability of spontaneous passage, it is difficult to predict in individuals whether a particular ureteral stone would pass or require intervention. If an accurate judgment were made at presentation on the likelihood of stone passage, patients would receive immediate intervention for the stone or be notified of a more appropriate time at which to expect passage. We used an artificial neural network to evaluate data in patients with ureteral calculi to predict whether a stone would pass spontaneously or require intervention.

Scrotal dog bites.

Purpose: Dog bites to the scrotum are rare but they potentially result in morbidity if improperly managed.

Materials And Methods: Between 1991 and 1999 we treated 4 men and 3 boys with dog bites to the scrotum. All 7 patients presented to the emergency department shortly after the injury.

Traumatic posterior urethral injury and early primary endoscopic realignment: evaluation of long-term follow-up.

Objectives: The management of complete or partial posterior urethral disruption is controversial and much debate continues regarding immediate versus delayed definitive therapy. We further analyze our experience and long-term results using early endoscopic realignment.

Methods: Between April 1991 and June 1995, 8 men with posterior urethral avulsion, either complete or partial and secondary to blunt trauma and pelvic fractures, presented to our institution.

Surgical correction of stress incontinence in morbidly obese women.

Purpose: Obesity is a contributing factor to the development of stress urinary incontinence in women, in addition to surgical technical factors which may make some urologists reticent to offer operative therapy. We reviewed our series of morbidly obese women who underwent anti-incontinence surgery to determine if they were at higher risk for surgical failure.

Materials And Methods: The records of our operative series of female stress urinary incontinence were reviewed and 16 women were considered morbidly obese.

Leak point pressures in women with urinary stress incontinence: correlation with patient history.

Purpose: We examined the relationship between historical factors in women with urinary stress incontinence and the Valsalva leak point pressure.

Materials And Methods: Valsalva leak point pressure measurements in 57 women with urinary stress incontinence were compared to findings in the history.

Results: Valsalva leak point pressure was low in 83% of women with severe leakage and previous surgery.

Laparoscopic surgery for bladder carcinoma.

Recent utilization of laparoscopy in urology has led to the performance of several pelvic procedures. The successful performance of laparoscopic diverticulectomies and cystectomies for benign pathology has led to speculation about, and utilization of, the laparoscopic approach in the treatment of bladder cancer. Herein, we relay our experience with the laparoscopic approach for bladder surgery and discuss the pros and cons of its current status in the treatment of bladder cancer.

Transurethral collagen injections in the therapy of post-radical prostatectomy stress incontinence.

Purpose: We report on our initial results with glutaraldehyde cross-linked collagen used as an injectable bulking agent for the therapy of post-radical prostatectomy stress incontinence.

Materials And Methods: A total of 19 men underwent collagen injection for treatment of post-radical prostatectomy stress incontinence.

Results: Of the 19 patients treated 11 had either a good (4) or improved (7) result, for an overall satisfaction rate of 58% with a followup of 3 to 15 months (mean 10.

Radical perineal prostatectomy without pelvic lymphadenectomy: selection criteria and early results.

Purpose: We evaluated the surgical efficacy of radical perineal prostatectomy and determined preoperative parameters to identify patients at low risk for nodal metastasis.

Materials And Methods: Of 155 men evaluated for radical perineal prostatectomy, 74 were assigned to a low risk category (prostate specific antigen less than 10 ng./ml.

Evaluation of fluid absorption during laser prostatectomy by breath ethanol techniques.

Purpose: Laser prostatectomy has evolved as a less invasive method of relieving bladder outlet obstruction due to prostatic enlargement. The elimination of adenomatous tissue by laser induced coagulation necrosis theoretically avoids the sequelae of fluid absorption noted during traditional transurethral resection of the prostate. However, to our knowledge no accurate determination of fluid absorption during laser prostatectomy has been performed to date.

Comparison between standard flank versus laparoscopic nephrectomy for benign renal disease.

To evaluate the role of laparoscopic nephrectomy in the management of benign renal diseases, 12 patients undergoing laparoscopic nephrectomy were compared to 13 undergoing a classical flank nephrectomy. Both groups were similar in regard to patient age and indications for surgery. The underlying pathological conditions included vesicoureteral reflux, tuberculosis, hydronephrosis, hypertension and failed pyeloplasty.

Laser prostatectomy: initial experience and urodynamic follow-up.

Objectives: An evolving technology for the treatment of bladder outlet obstruction due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the use of the side-firing neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser to achieve prostatic tissue ablation. The purpose of this study was to determine the short-term efficacy of this procedure in both an objective and subjective manner.

Methods: We examined this technique by carefully evaluating our first 25 men undergoing the procedure.

Seminal vesicle volume as a sonographic predictor of prostate cancer stage.

Objectives: Accurate clinical staging of prostate cancer continues to challenge the urologist, with understaging a common problem. Preoperative identification of men with capsular penetration or seminal vesicle invasion would allow deferment of radical surgery unlikely to cure the patient. We investigated the ability of seminal vesicle volume as determined by transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) to predict the stage of prostate carcinoma.

Simple detubularization technique for construction of continent colonic urinary reservoirs.

Objectives: Despite the advantages offered by continent urinary diversion techniques, wide acceptance of the procedure has been hampered by the length of time required to detubularize and suture the reconfigured bowel. With the purpose of simplifying the procedure, a linear stapler loaded with absorbable staples was used to accomplish simultaneous detubularization and closure of the reservoirs.

Methods: Six patients, 4 men and 2 women received a stapled detubularized reservoir following radical cystectomy.

The value of laparoscopic lymphadenectomy in conjunction with radical perineal or retropubic prostatectomy.

A total of 76 men with clinically localized prostate cancer underwent surgical treatment at our institution during an 11-month period. Of the patients 26 underwent staging laparoscopic pelvic lymph node dissection followed by radical perineal prostatectomy (group 1), 24 underwent laparoscopic pelvic lymph node dissection and radical retropubic prostatectomy (group 2), and 26 underwent standard open lymphadenectomy and radical retropubic prostatectomy (group 3). Group 1 patients experienced statistically significantly less average blood loss (576 +/- 360 cc) than either group 2 (1,275 +/- 686.

Complications of laparoscopic urological surgery: experience at St. Louis University.

A total of 221 patients underwent laparoscopic surgery at our institution. An outcome analysis with regard to type of procedure, success and complications was done. Overall, 216 of 221 procedures (97.

Endoluminal urethral stents: a review.

Although Fabian first introduced the concept of an endourethral stent in 1980, recent developments in biomedical technology and the treatment philosophy of urethral obstruction has led to a resurgence of this concept. We review the past and current literature with regard to both temporary and permanent stents. Available stents are described, clinical results summarized, and indications discussed.

Endocavitary bladder surgery.

The advent of laparoscopy has expanded the horizon for endocavitarily approaching urologic disorders, otherwise managed by open surgical procedures. In this article we will review our experience with this new modality as applied to the urinary bladder, and put into perspective future applications.

Endocavitary (laparoscopic) pelvic lymphadenectomy with specific indications in urologic surgery.

Recent reports have established the feasibility and minimal morbidity of laparoscopic pelvic lymph node dissection in the staging of prostate and bladder cancer. In addition, a prospective study recently published established the completeness and efficacy of this form of endocavitary surgical lymphadenectomy with respect to the standard modified open procedure. The method's utility prior to definitive radiation therapy or radical perineal prostatectomy is obvious.

Staging laparoscopic pelvic lymph node dissection. Experience and indications.

Laparoscopic pelvic lymph node dissection has proven to be a reliable, less-invasive method for staging prostate cancer. Presently, no clear indications for its performance prior to radical retropubic prostatectomy are available. With the purpose of identifying clinical parameters by which to better select patients who would benefit from laparoscopic pelvic lymph node dissection, we chose to perform the procedure only in patients considered at high risk for nodal metastasis: clinical stages B2 or C, poorly differentiated tumors, and/or a serum prostatic-specific antigen level of more than 20 ng/dL.