CT Perfusion Map Synthesis from CTP Dynamic Images Using a Learned LSTM Generative Adversarial Network for Acute Ischemic Stroke Assessment.

Computed tomography perfusion (CTP) is a dynamic 4-dimensional imaging technique (3-dimensional volumes captured over approximately 1 min) in which cerebral blood flow is quantified by tracking the passage of a bolus of intravenous contrast with serial imaging of the brain. To diagnose and assess acute ischemic stroke, the standard method relies on summarizing acquired CTPs over the time axis to create maps that show different hemodynamic parameters, such as the timing of the bolus arrival and passage (Tmax and MTT), cerebral blood flow (CBF), and cerebral blood volume (CBV). However, producing accurate CTP maps requires the selection of an arterial input function (AIF), i.

Antigen self-anchoring onto bacteriophage T5 capsid-like particles for vaccine design.

The promises of vaccines based on virus-like particles stimulate demand for universal non-infectious virus-like platforms that can be efficiently grafted with large antigens. Here, we harnessed the modularity and extreme affinity of the decoration protein pb10 for the capsid of bacteriophage T5. SPR experiments demonstrated that pb10 fused to mCherry or to the model antigen ovalbumin (Ova) retained picomolar affinity for DNA-free T5 capsid-like particles (T5-CLPs), while cryo-EM studies attested to the full occupancy of the 120 capsid binding sites.

Evaluating a Telemedicine Video Game-Linked High-Intensity Interval Training Exercise Programme in Paediatric Heart Transplant Recipients.

Paediatric heart transplant recipients (HTRs) have reduced exercise capacity, physical activity (PA), health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and self-efficacy towards PA. Exercise interventions have demonstrated improvements in exercise capacity and functional status in adult HTRs, with a specific emerging interest in the role of high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Studies of exercise interventions in paediatric HTRs have been limited and nonrandomized to date.

Exploring the Promise of Telemedicine Exercise Interventions in Children and Adolescents With Congenital Heart Disease.

Youth with congenital heart disease (CHD) have reduced exercise capacity via various physical and psychosocial mechanisms. In addition to limited physiologic exercise capacity, these patients experience lower levels of physical activity, physical activity self-efficacy, health-related quality of life, and endothelial function. The study of exercise interventions and cardiac rehabilitation programs in pediatric CHD populations remains limited, particularly home-based interventions that incorporate real-time physiologic monitoring.

Automatic Bone Segmentation from MRI for Real-Time Knee Tracking in Fluoroscopic Imaging.

Recent progress in real-time tracking of knee bone structures from fluoroscopic imaging using CT templates has opened the door to studying knee kinematics to improve our understanding of patellofemoral syndrome. The problem with CT imaging is that it exposes patients to extra ionising radiation, which adds to fluoroscopic imaging. This can be solved by segmenting bone templates from MRI instead of CT by using a deep neural network architecture called 2.

Deep Learning using Pre-Brachytherapy MRI to Automatically Predict Applicator Induced Complex Uterine Deformation.

This novel deep-learning (DL) algorithm addresses the challenging task of predicting uterine shape and location when deformed from its natural anatomy by the presence of an intrauterine (tandem)/intravaginal (ring) applicator during brachytherapy (BT) treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer. Paired pelvic MRI datasets from 92 subjects, acquired without (pre-BT) and with (at-BT) applicators, were used. We propose a novel automated algorithm to segment the uterus in pre-BT MR images using a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) incorporated with autoencoders.

Telemonitoring and protocolized case management for hypertensive community dwelling older adults (TECHNOMED): a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Home blood pressure (BP) telemonitoring combined with case management leads to BP reductions in individuals with hypertension. However, its benefits are less clear in older (age ≥ 65 years) adults.

Methods: Twelve-month, open-label, randomized trial of community-dwelling older adults comparing the combination of home BP telemonitoring (HBPM) and pharmacist-led case management, vs.

Structural Anomalies Detection from Electrocardiogram (ECG) with Spectrogram and Handcrafted Features.

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally, causing nearly 17.9 million deaths per year. Therefore, early detection and treatment are critical to help improve this situation.

An Automatic Method to Reduce Baseline Wander and Motion Artifacts on Ambulatory Electrocardiogram Signals.

Today's wearable medical devices are becoming popular because of their price and ease of use. Most wearable medical devices allow users to continuously collect and check their health data, such as electrocardiograms (ECG). Therefore, many of these devices have been used to monitor patients with potential heart pathology as they perform their daily activities.

Do agri-food market incentives improve food security and nutrition indicators? a microsimulation evaluation for Kenya.

Unlabelled: The sustainable development goal #2 aims at ending hunger and malnutrition by 2030. Given the numbers of food insecure and malnourished people on the rise, the heterogeneity of nutritional statuses and needs, and the even worse context of COVID-19 pandemic, this has become an urgent challenge for food-related policies. This paper provides a comprehensive microsimulation approach to evaluate economic policies on food access, sufficiency (energy) and adequacy (protein, fat, carbohydrate) at household level.

Improvement of automatic ischemic stroke lesion segmentation in CT perfusion maps using a learned deep neural network.

Acute ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death and long-term disability worldwide. It occurs when a blood clot blocks an artery that supplies blood to the brain tissue. Segmentation of acute ischemic stroke lesions plays a vital role to improve diagnosis, outcome assessment, and treatment planning.

A prospective cohort of patients with common scabies treated with 10% benzyl benzoate emulsion as monotherapy: EPIGALE study.

Background: In addition to general measures, pharmacological treatment is the basis of the management of scabies. No recent data in real-life are available on the efficacy and safety of 10% benzyl benzoate emulsion for skin application administered as monotherapy.

Method: This prospective, multicenter, French observational study comprised a registry and a prospective cohort with a follow-up at 28 days and a telephone call at week 12.

Multi-View 3-D Fusion Echocardiography: Enhancing Clinical Feasibility with a Novel Processing Technique.

A novel system for fusing 3-D echocardiography data sets from complementary acoustic windows was evaluated in 12 healthy volunteers and 12 patients with heart failure. We hypothesized that 3-D fusion would enable 3-D echocardiography in patients with limited acoustic windows. At least nine 3-D data sets were recorded, while three infrared cameras tracked the position and orientation of the transducer and chest respiratory movements.

A New Semi-automated Algorithm for Volumetric Segmentation of the Left Ventricle in Temporal 3D Echocardiography Sequences.

Purpose: Echocardiography is commonly used as a non-invasive imaging tool in clinical practice for the assessment of cardiac function. However, delineation of the left ventricle is challenging due to the inherent properties of ultrasound imaging, such as the presence of speckle noise and the low signal-to-noise ratio.

Methods: We propose a semi-automated segmentation algorithm for the delineation of the left ventricle in temporal 3D echocardiography sequences.

Strategies for Bacteriophage T5 Mutagenesis: Expanding the Toolbox for Phage Genome Engineering.

Phage genome editing is crucial to uncover the molecular mechanisms of virus infection and to engineer bacteriophages with enhanced antibacterial properties. Phage genetic engineering relies mostly on homologous recombination (HR) assisted by the targeted elimination of wild-type phages by CRISPR-Cas nucleases. These strategies are often less effective in virulent bacteriophages with large genomes.

Cardiac rehabilitation in the paediatric Fontan population: development of a home-based high-intensity interval training programme.

Introduction: We evaluated the safety and feasibility of high-intensity interval training via a novel telemedicine ergometer (MedBIKE™) in children with Fontan physiology.

Methods: The MedBIKE™ is a custom telemedicine ergometer, incorporating a video game platform and live feed of patient video/audio, electrocardiography, pulse oximetry, and power output, for remote medical supervision and modulation of work. There were three study phases: (I) exercise workload comparison between the MedBIKE™ and a standard cardiopulmonary exercise ergometer in 10 healthy adults.

Test-retest validation of a cranial deformity index in unilateral coronal craniosynostosis.

Unilateral coronal craniosynostosis (UCS) affects many infants resulting in abnormalities affecting the forehead and orbits. As a result, the deformity caused by UCS is very noticeable and there are several surgical treatment options available to normalize the head shape. However, there is a lack of consistently used outcome measures, resulting in difficulty assessing surgical outcomes and on-going debate over optimal treatments.

Skeletal Deformity in Patients With Unilateral Coronal Craniosynostosis: Perceptions of the General Public.

Study Design: A two-alternative forced choice design was used to gather perceptual data regarding unicoronal synostosis (UCS).

Objective: Cranial vault remodeling aims at improving the aesthetic appearance of infants with UCS by reshaping the forehead and reducing the potential for psychosocial discrimination. People's perception of craniofacial deformity plays a role in the stigma of deformity.

Real-Time Lung Tumor Tracking Using a CUDA Enabled Nonrigid Registration Algorithm for MRI.

Objective: This study intends to develop an accurate, real-time tumor tracking algorithm for the automated radiation therapy for cancer treatment using Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) computing. Although a previous moving mesh based tumor tracking approach has been shown to be successful in delineating the tumor regions from a sequence of magnetic resonance image, the algorithm is computationally intensive and its computation time on standard Central Processing Unit (CPU) processors is too slow to be used clinically especially for automated radiation therapy system.

Method: A re-implementation of the algorithm on a low-cost parallel GPU-based computing platform is utilized to accelerate this computation at a speed that is amicable to clinical usages.

A Survey of Heart Anomaly Detection Using Ambulatory Electrocardiogram (ECG).

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of death globally. An estimated 17.9 million people die from CVDs each year, representing 31% of all global deaths.

Gesture Classification Using LSTM Recurrent Neural Networks.

The classification of human hand gestures has gained widespread recognition as a natural and powerful way to interact intuitively and efficiently with computers. Specifically, this approach has facilitated the development of a number of important applications in the medical training field, specially as a way to objectively evaluate surgical tasks of novices compared to an expert surgeon. In this paper, 3D medical gestures, acquired by an instrumented laparoscopic forceps, were classified using Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) recurrent neural networks (RNN).