Over a decade of atmospheric mercury monitoring at Amsterdam Island in the French Southern and Antarctic Lands.

The Minamata Convention, a global and legally binding treaty that entered into force in 2017, aims to protect human health and the environment from harmful mercury (Hg) effects by reducing anthropogenic Hg emissions and environmental levels. The Conference of the Parties is to periodically evaluate the Convention's effectiveness, starting in 2023, using existing monitoring data and observed trends. Monitoring atmospheric Hg levels has been proposed as a key indicator.

Reactivation of low avidity tumor-specific CD8 T cells associates with immunotherapeutic efficacy of anti-PD-1.

Background: CD8 T cells are a highly diverse population of cells with distinct phenotypic functions that can influence immunotherapy outcomes. Further insights on the roles of CD8 specificities and TCR avidity of naturally arising tumor-specific T cells, where both high and low avidity T cells recognizing the same peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) coexist in the same tumor, are crucial for understanding T cell exhaustion and resistance to PD-1 immunotherapy.

Methods: CT26 models were treated with anti-PD-1 on days 3, 6 and 9 following subcutaneous tumor implantation generating variable responses during early tumor development.

Emergence of Meaning Amidst a Tension Between Forms and Contents.

In this paper, I propose an analysis of the tension between forms and contents as a condition of emergence of meaning. I refer to Vygotsky's earlier work "Psychology of Art" as an inspiration, to develop my own model. This leads me to present an analysis of how forms overcome contents in a monological way, but also in a dialogical perspective.

Tapasin-mediated editing of the MHC I immunopeptidome is epitope specific and dependent on peptide off-rate, abundance, and level of tapasin expression.

Tapasin, a component of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I peptide loading complex, edits the repertoire of peptides that is presented at the cell surface by MHC I and thereby plays a key role in shaping the hierarchy of CD8+ T-cell responses to tumors and pathogens. We have developed a system that allows us to tune the level of tapasin expression and independently regulate the expression of competing peptides of different off-rates. By quantifying the relative surface expression of peptides presented by MHC I molecules, we show that peptide editing by tapasin can be measured in terms of "tapasin bonus," which is dependent on both peptide kinetic stability (off-rate) and peptide abundance (peptide supply).

MICROSCOPE Mission: Final Results of the Test of the Equivalence Principle.

The MICROSCOPE mission was designed to test the weak equivalence principle (WEP), stating the equality between the inertial and the gravitational masses, with a precision of 10^{-15} in terms of the Eötvös ratio η. Its experimental test consisted of comparing the accelerations undergone by two collocated test masses of different compositions as they orbited the Earth, by measuring the electrostatic forces required to keep them in equilibrium. This was done with ultrasensitive differential electrostatic accelerometers onboard a drag-free satellite.

Theoretical and Poetic Inquiry into Indetermined Intergenerationality: Entering into and Going Beyond the Authors' Papers.

Following the reflection in the editorial on the importance of indeterminacy as a thematic and a way to look at intergenerationality in a dynamic fashion, I present the tendency to refuse indeterminacy versus going into it. I present the authors' critic of the first tendency and I highlight how they implicitly present indeterminacy. I refer to Bergson's concept of empty form to guide my analysis that aims to making visible some tacit aspects in the authors' analysis.

Intergenerationality in the Light of Indeterminacy.

This Special Issue aims to shed light on the undetermined nature of intergenerational trajectories. Indeterminacy has been suggested to the author as an avenue to tackle the dynamic aspect -which entails looking at tensions in an unfolding process- of intergenerationality. We present the paper in this Special Issue by insisting on their main contributions, we identify HOW they define the concept of generation, particularly in reference to indeterminacy.

The Concept of Dialogical CO-Zone of Proximal Development: Intergenerationality in the Making.

In this paper I elaborate on the concept of dialogical Co-ZPD proposed in the conclusion of a paper by (Boulanger et al., in Integrative Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 54, 269-285, 2020). I do this by insisting on potentiality as one of its main dimension.

Gerontagogy Toward Intergenerationality: Dialogical Learning Between Children and Elders.

This paper aims at overcoming the following limits of gerontagogy -particularly with regard to Lemieux's model: referencing chronological age; delimitating elders' learning in reference to traits (styles, needs, behaviors, etc.) in contrast to children's learning; overlooking the aging aspect. To do so, we propose to integrate aging and intergenerationality into gerontagogy from a sociocultural, dialogical and historical approach.

Risk factors of exposure to Aedes albopictus bites in mainland France using an immunological biomarker.

In recent decades, the invasive Aedes albopictus vector has spread across Europe and is responsible for numerous outbreaks of autochthonous arboviral disease. The aim of this study was to identify epidemiological and sociological risk factors related to individual levels of exposure to Aedes albopictus bites. A multidisciplinary survey was conducted with volunteer blood donors living in areas either colonised or not by Aedes albopictus in mainland France.

Specific human antibody responses to Aedes aegypti and Aedes polynesiensis saliva: A new epidemiological tool to assess human exposure to disease vectors in the Pacific.

Background: Aedes mosquitoes severely affect the health and wellbeing of human populations by transmitting infectious diseases. In French Polynesia, Aedes aegypti is the main vector of dengue, chikungunya and Zika, and Aedes polynesiensis the primary vector of Bancroftian filariasis and a secondary vector of arboviruses. Tools for assessing the risk of disease transmission or for measuring the efficacy of vector control programmes are scarce.

A Mechanistic Model for Predicting Cell Surface Presentation of Competing Peptides by MHC Class I Molecules.

Major histocompatibility complex-I (MHC-I) molecules play a central role in the immune response to viruses and cancers. They present peptides on the surface of affected cells, for recognition by cytotoxic T cells. Determining which peptides are presented, and in what proportion, has profound implications for developing effective, medical treatments.

Continuity of Learning in Discontinuous Conditions: Children Experience of Transition in Irreversible Time.

In this theoretical paper, I propose that in certain conditions children's subjective continuity (irreversible time) of experience could be sustained by objective discontinuity in reference to instruments like the clock that is used to sequentialize time in school. I suggest that it happens through intervals-as-transitions (c.f.

MICROSCOPE Mission: First Results of a Space Test of the Equivalence Principle.

According to the weak equivalence principle, all bodies should fall at the same rate in a gravitational field. The MICROSCOPE satellite, launched in April 2016, aims to test its validity at the 10^{-15} precision level, by measuring the force required to maintain two test masses (of titanium and platinum alloys) exactly in the same orbit. A nonvanishing result would correspond to a violation of the equivalence principle, or to the discovery of a new long-range force.

Expansion of Parents' Undetermined Experience in Socioeducational Programs: Extending the Dialogical Self Theory.

The Dialogic Self Theory (DST-Hermans et al. Integrative Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 51(4), 1-31, 2017) is extended here in its dynamic aspects through focusing on the notions of indeterminacy, emptiness and movement. Linking with Husserl, I propose moving the dialogical self (DS) from a clear position in the "repertory of the Self" to an undetermined horizon.

Peptide-independent stabilization of MHC class I molecules breaches cellular quality control.

The intracellular trafficking of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) proteins is directed by three quality control mechanisms that test for their structural integrity, which is correlated to the binding of high-affinity antigenic peptide ligands. To investigate which molecular features of MHC-I these quality control mechanisms detect, we have followed the hypothesis that suboptimally loaded MHC-I molecules are characterized by their conformational mobility in the F-pocket region of the peptide-binding site. We have created a novel variant of an MHC-I protein, K(b)-Y84C, in which two α-helices in this region are linked by a disulfide bond that mimics the conformational and dynamic effects of bound high-affinity peptide.

The development of a haptic virtual reality environment to study body image and affect.

We report the results of a preliminary study testing the effect of participants' mood rating on visual motor performance using a haptic device to manipulate a cartoonish human body. Our results suggest that moods involving high arousal (e.g.

Immunoglobulin G antibody profiles against Anopheles salivary proteins in domestic animals in Senegal.

Although domestic animals may not be permissive for Plasmodium, they could nevertheless play a role in the epidemiology of malaria by attracting Anopheles away from humans. To investigate interactions between domestic animals and mosquitoes, we assayed immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies directed against the salivary proteins of Anopheles gambiae in domestic animals living in Senegalese villages where malaria is endemic. By Western blotting, sera from bovines (n=6), ovines (n=36), and caprines (n=36) did not react with Anopheles whole saliva.

Immunological consequences of intermittent preventive treatment against malaria in Senegalese preschool children.

Background: Intermittent preventive treatment in children (IPTc) is a promising strategy to control malaria morbidity. A significant concern is whether IPTc increases children's susceptibility to subsequent malaria infection by altering their anti-Plasmodium acquired immunity.

Methods: To investigate this concern, IgG antibody (Ab) responses to Plasmodium falciparum schizont extract were measured in Senegalese children (6 months-5 years old) who had received three rounds of IPTc with artesunate + sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (or placebo) at monthly intervals eight months earlier.

Differential suppression of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells by regulatory T cells.

In the CT26 BALB/c murine model of colorectal carcinoma, depletion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) prior to tumor inoculation results in protective immunity to both CT26 and other BALB/c-derived tumors of diverse histological origin. In this paper, we show that cross-protection can be conferred by adoptively transferred CD8(+) CTLs. Other schedules for inducing immunity to CT26 have been described, but they do not lead to cross-protection.

Risk factors for Schistosoma haematobium infection and morbidity in two villages with different transmission patterns in Niger.

A better control of major neglected tropical diseases such as schistosomiasis is urgently needed to reduce their impact on public health in developing countries. To optimize the efficiency of intervention campaigns, we assessed the influence of individual human factors on the level of Schistosoma haematobium infection and morbidity in a typical Sahelian country (Niger). Random samples of 246 and 257 individuals were selected from general census in two villages with distinct patterns of schistosome transmission.

Absence of tapasin alters immunodominance against a lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus polytope.

Tapasin edits the peptide repertoire presented to CD8(+) T cells by favoring loading of slow off-rate peptides on MHC I molecules. To investigate the role of tapasin on T cell immunodominance we used poxvirus viral vectors expressing a polytope of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus epitopes with different off-rates. In tapasin-deficient mice, responses to subdominant fast off-rate peptides were clearly favored.

Human IgG response to a salivary peptide, gSG6-P1, as a new immuno-epidemiological tool for evaluating low-level exposure to Anopheles bites.

Background: Human populations exposed to low malaria transmission present particular severe risks of malaria morbidity and mortality. In addition, in a context of low-level exposure to Anopheles vector, conventional entomological methods used for sampling Anopheles populations are insufficiently sensitive and probably under-estimate the real risk of malaria transmission. The evaluation of antibody (Ab) responses to arthropod salivary proteins constitutes a novel tool for estimating exposure level to insect bites.

Impact of child malnutrition on the specific anti-Plasmodium falciparum antibody response.

Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, preschool children represent the population most vulnerable to malaria and malnutrition. It is widely recognized that malnutrition compromises the immune function, resulting in higher risk of infection. However, very few studies have investigated the relationship between malaria, malnutrition and specific immunity.