Ergonomic practices in Africa: Date palm work in Algeria as an example.

Background: Despite the call for the application of ergonomics in developing countries, the African share of ergonomic studies is modest. Date palm farming is considered one of the most important economic resources in hot and dry areas. In African countries, including Algeria, there exist millions of date palms.

[Congenital buried penis in the child: about a case].

Congenital buried penis in the child is a congenital malformation where the penis appears small in size while all the parts of the organ are normal (the urethra, the erectile tissue and the glans penis). Our study aimed to describe our experience in the surgical treatment of this abnormality. We report the case of a 18-months old infant with bilateral hydrocele initially admitted to the Emergency Department and then referred to our Department.

Genitourinary complications as initial presentation of inherited epidermolysis bullosa.

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a rare disorder that presents with urological complications. We present a 6-year-old boy admitted with urological symptoms that revealed an inherited EB misdiagnosed. We also review the literature on this disorder and management of the common urological complications.

[Sex of rearing in 46,XY partial gonadal dysgenesis (case report)].

XY patients with gonadal dysgenesis present with a wide array of clinical pictures that is characterised by a variable incomplete virilisation of the external genital organs (female phenotype, posterior hypospadias, cryptorchidism) and the persistence of the internal müllerian duct structures. The birth of a child with this type of abnormality is a social phenomenon, which will probably have a physical and psychical impact. The choice of the sex depends on the organic anatomy, diagnosis age, risk of gonadal tumors and the development possibilities (mainly at puberty) of the child.

[Extracorporeal lithotripsy of upper urinary tract stones in children].

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of extracorporeal lithotripsy for the treatment of urinary stones in children.

Material And Methods: From November 2002 to November 2004, 34 children from the department of paediatric urology of Rabat children's hospital, aged 3 to 15 years (mean age: 6 years), including 15 children under the age of 6 years, were treated for symptomatic urinary stones in the extracorporeal lithotripsy centre with a Lithostar Multiline lithotriptor adapted to the treatment of adults as well as children, even very young children. At the time of treatment, all 34 children had normal blood pressure, normal blood urea and creatinine, normal clotting parameters, sterile urine and no urinary tract obstruction.

[Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in children].

Objective: The authors report their experience of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in children and emphasize the diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties supported by several published series.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective based on ten patients treated for xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.

Results: Treatment was surgical in 90% of patients.