Collaborative practice competencies needed for telehealth delivery by health and social care professionals: a scoping review.

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, many healthcare and social services professionals have had to provide services through virtual care. In the workplace, such professionals often need to be sufficiently resourced to collaborate and address collaborative care barriers in telehealth. We performed a scoping review to identify the competencies required to support interprofessional collaboration among clinicians in telehealth.

Culturally safe interventions in primary care for the management of chronic diseases of urban Indigenous People: a scoping review.

Objectives: Chronic conditions represent an important source of major health issues among Indigenous People. The same applies to those, who live off-reserve and in urban areas. However, very few healthcare services are considered culturally safe, resulting in some avoidance of the public healthcare system.

Interleukin-1 Receptor Modulation Using β-Substituted α-Amino-γ-Lactam Peptides From Solid-Phase Synthesis and Diversification.

As a key cytokine mediator of inflammation, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) binds to the IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) and activates various downstream signaling mediators, including NF-κB, which is required for immune vigilance and cellular protection. Toward the development of IL-1-targeting therapeutics which exhibit functional selectivity, the all-D-amino acid peptide (101.10, H-D-Arg-D-Tyr-D-Thr-D-Val-D-Glu-D-Leu-D-Ala-NH) was conceived as an allosteric IL-1R modulator that conserves NF-κB signaling while inhibiting other IL-1-activated pathways.

Author Correction: Antenatal IL-1-dependent inflammation persists postnatally and causes retinal and sub-retinal vasculopathy in progeny.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Joint Modeling of Resistance to Six Antimicrobials in Urinary Escherichia coli Isolates in Quebec, Canada.

Empirical treatment of urinary tract infections should be based on susceptibility profiles specific to the locale and patient population. Additionally, these susceptibility profiles should account for correlations between resistance to different types of antimicrobials. We used hierarchical logistic regression models to investigate geographic, temporal, and demographic trends in resistance to six antimicrobials in community-acquired and nosocomial urinary isolates from three communities in the province of Quebec, Canada, procured between April 2010 and December 2017.

Antenatal IL-1-dependent inflammation persists postnatally and causes retinal and sub-retinal vasculopathy in progeny.

Antenatal inflammation as seen with chorioamnionitis is harmful to foetal/neonatal organ development including to eyes. Although the major pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β participates in retinopathy induced by hyperoxia (a predisposing factor to retinopathy of prematurity), the specific role of antenatal IL-1β associated with preterm birth (PTB) in retinal vasculopathy (independent of hyperoxia) is unknown. Using a murine model of PTB induced with IL-1β injection in utero, we studied consequent retinal and choroidal vascular development; in this process we evaluated the efficacy of IL-1R antagonists.

IAP Antagonists Enhance Apoptotic Response to Enzalutamide in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells via Autocrine TNF-α Signaling.

Background: Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remains incurable and identifying effective treatments continues to present a clinical challenge. Although treatment with enzalutamide, a second generation androgen receptor (AR) antagonist, prolongs survival in prostate cancer patients, responses can be limited by intrinsic resistance or acquired resistance. A potential mechanism of resistance to androgen axis inhibition is evasion of apoptosis.

Antenatal Suppression of IL-1 Protects against Inflammation-Induced Fetal Injury and Improves Neonatal and Developmental Outcomes in Mice.

Preterm birth (PTB) is commonly accompanied by in utero fetal inflammation, and existing tocolytic drugs do not target fetal inflammatory injury. Of the candidate proinflammatory mediators, IL-1 appears central and is sufficient to trigger fetal loss. Therefore, we elucidated the effects of antenatal IL-1 exposure on postnatal development and investigated two IL-1 receptor antagonists, the competitive inhibitor anakinra (Kineret) and a potent noncompetitive inhibitor 101.

Uterotonic Neuromedin U Receptor 2 and Its Ligands Are Upregulated by Inflammation in Mice and Humans, and Elicit Preterm Birth.

Uterine labor requires the conversion of a quiescent (propregnancy) uterus into an activated (prolabor) uterus, with increased sensitivity to endogenous uterotonic molecules. This activation is induced by stressors, particularly inflammation in term and preterm labor. Neuromedin U (NmU) is a neuropeptide known for its uterocontractile effects in rodents.

Escherichia coli antimicrobial susceptibility profile and cumulative antibiogram to guide empirical treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in women in the province of Québec, 2010-15.

Objectives: Empirical treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) in women should be based on local susceptibility data. We aimed to generate regional and provincial cumulative antibiograms combining data from different laboratory information systems and determine the impact of basic patient characteristics on susceptibility results.

Methods: All positive urine samples for Escherichia coli obtained from women aged 18-65 years old in outpatient settings between 1 April 2010 and 31 March 2015 from four hospitals in Quebec, Canada, were included.

Novel Noncompetitive IL-1 Receptor-Biased Ligand Prevents Infection- and Inflammation-Induced Preterm Birth.

Preterm birth (PTB) is firmly linked to inflammation regardless of the presence of infection. Proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, are produced in gestational tissues and can locally upregulate uterine activation proteins. Premature activation of the uterus by inflammation may lead to PTB, and IL-1 has been identified as a key inducer of this condition.

Performance of MycAssay Aspergillus DNA real-time PCR assay compared with the galactomannan detection assay for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis from serum samples.

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a major problem in the immunocompromised population, and its diagnosis is difficult due to the low sensitivity of available tests. Detection of Aspergillus nucleic acid by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in serum samples is a promising diagnostic tool; however, use of multiple "in-house" methods precludes standardization. The first commercial PCR assay, MycAssay Aspergillus (Myconostica, Ltd), became available recently, and its performance in the diagnosis of IA was evaluated and compared with the galactomannan (GM) assay.

Influenza viral RNA detection in blood as a marker to predict disease severity in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients.

Influenza RNA in blood (viremia) was detected in 9 of 79 (11.4%) hematopoietic cell transplant recipients with influenza, and was less frequently observed in patients with upper respiratory tract disease only and more frequently in patients infected with 2009 pandemic influenza A/H1N1 strain (versus seasonal strains). Viremia increased the risk of progression to lower respiratory tract disease (LRD), hypoxemia, respiratory failure, and overall and influenza-related death.

H275Y mutant pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus in immunocompromised patients.

Most oseltamivir-resistant pandemic (H1N1) 2009 viruses have been isolated from immunocompromised patients. To describe the clinical features, treatment, outcomes, and virologic data associated with infection from pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus with H275Y mutation in immunocompromised patients, we retrospectively identified 49 hematology-oncology patients infected with pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus. Samples from 33 of those patients were tested for H275Y genotype by allele-specific real-time PCR.

Risk factors for late-onset cytomegalovirus disease in donor seropositive/recipient seronegative kidney transplant recipients who receive antiviral prophylaxis.

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease occurs frequently after cessation of antiviral prophylaxis in CMV-seronegative kidney transplant recipients from seropositive donors (D+R-), and the risk factors are incompletely defined.

Method: We retrospectively assessed the incidence, clinical features, and risk factors for CMV disease in a cohort of D+R- kidney transplant recipients who received antiviral prophylaxis at a single US transplant center using descriptive statistics and Cox proportional hazards models.

Results: CMV disease developed in 29 of 113 (26%) D+R- patients at a median of 185 days (interquartile range 116-231 days) post transplant, including CMV syndrome (66%) and tissue invasive disease (34%).

Differences in clinical outcomes after 2009 influenza A/H1N1 and seasonal influenza among hematopoietic cell transplant recipients.

It is not known whether pandemic 2009 influenza A/H1N1 (2009 H1N1) leads to more serious disease than seasonal influenza in hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients. In a retrospective study in HCT recipients with virologically proven influenza virus infection, a total of 161 HCT recipients (18 2009 H1N1, 103 seasonal influenza A, and 40 seasonal influenza B) were analyzed. In multivariable analyses, more patients with 2009 H1N1 had lower respiratory tract disease (LRD), hypoxemia, and prolonged viral shedding compared with seasonal influenza A.

Impact of corticosteroid treatment and antiviral therapy on clinical outcomes in hematopoietic cell transplant patients infected with influenza virus.

The impact of cytokines induced during influenza infection has been described, but the effect of corticosteroids on clinical outcomes is unclear. Although antiviral therapy has been well studied in immunocompetent subjects, few data exist on its clinical efficacy in immunocompromised populations. Data from 143 hematopoietic cell transplant recipients with documented seasonal influenza infection were reviewed to examine the impact of different corticosteroid regimens and antiviral therapy on clinical outcomes.

Screening for polyomavirus associated nephropathy in renal transplantation with blood viral load measurement.

Background: Polyomavirus associated nephropathy (PVAN) is an important cause of graft failure in the renal transplant population. It has been shown that viremia precedes PVAN, suggesting that measurement of blood viral load could be used for PVAN screening.

Objectives: To verify the utility of BK virus (BKV) blood viral load measurement for PVAN screening in the renal transplant population, establish a threshold value, and determine the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

Cytoprotective effects of IAPs revealed by a small molecule antagonist.

Deregulated expression of members of the IAP (inhibitor of apoptosis) family has been identified in a wide variety of neoplastic cells, and synthetic IAP antagonists represent a promising novel class of chemotherapeutic agents. Early work focused on the ability of these compounds to block the caspase-inhibitory function of XIAP (X-linked IAP). However, recent studies have shown that IAP antagonists, although primarily designed to target XIAP, trigger ubiquitin-mediated degradation of two related proteins, c-IAP (cellular IAP) 1 and c-IAP2, and through this process potentiates the death of tumour cells via autocrine cellular-signalling pathways.

cIAP1 and cIAP2 facilitate cancer cell survival by functioning as E3 ligases that promote RIP1 ubiquitination.

The inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family of proteins enhances cell survival through mechanisms that remain uncertain. In this report, we show that cIAP1 and cIAP2 promote cancer cell survival by functioning as E3 ubiquitin ligases that maintain constitutive ubiquitination of the RIP1 adaptor protein. We demonstrate that AEG40730, a compound modeled on BIR-binding tetrapeptides, binds to cIAP1 and cIAP2, facilitates their autoubiquitination and proteosomal degradation, and causes a dramatic reduction in RIP1 ubiquitination.

[Affective touch and self esteem in the elderly].

The hospital is an environment which accomodates the elderly persons and in which these last have to make trainings at one time when they are not in full possession with all their physical, psychological and cognitive capacities. They can then live there humiliating situations which generate feelings of discomfort, embarrassment and shame. The presence of interveners not very warm, lacking compassion lack and impressed negative prejudices towards the elderly patients, is another factor which is added to lead them not to feel at ease, involving, inter alia, consequences a fall of their self-esteem.

Yeast enhancer of polycomb defines global Esa1-dependent acetylation of chromatin.

Drosophila Enhancer of Polycomb, E(Pc), is a suppressor of position-effect variegation and an enhancer of both Polycomb and trithorax mutations. A homologous yeast protein, Epl1, is a subunit of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex. Epl1 depletion causes cells to accumulate in G2/M and global loss of acetylated histones H4 and H2A.

Multiple links between the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex and epigenetic control of transcription.

NuA4 is an essential histone H4/H2A acetyltransferase complex that interacts with activators and stimulates transcription in vitro. We have identified three novel NuA4 subunits: Act3/Arp4, an actin-related protein implicated in epigenetic control of transcription, Act1, and Epl1, a protein homologous to Drosophila Enhancer of Polycomb. Act3/Arp4 binds nucleosomes in vitro and is required for NuA4 integrity in vivo.

Molecular characterization, enzymatic analysis, and purification of murine proprotein convertase-1/3 (PC1/PC3) secreted from recombinant baculovirus-infected insect cells.

A cDNA coding for the murine proprotein convertase-1 (mPC1 also known as mPC3 or mSPC3) was inserted into the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. Following infection of Spodoptera frugiperda cells, the recombinant N-glycosylated protein is secreted into the cell culture medium from which it can be purified to homogeneity as a fully enzymatically active enzyme. Two major secreted molecular forms of mPC1 with apparent molecular weights of 85 and 71 kDa, respectively, and a minor one of 75 kDa are immunodetected in the medium.