Case of endocarditis triggering both ischemic and haemorrhagic stroke: A rare clinical presentation from eastern India.

We report a rare clinical presentation of a 54-year-old male diagnosed with infective endocarditis caused by , a nutritionally variant streptococcus (NVS) characterized by unique growth requirements and high pathogenic potential. The patient presented with prolonged fever and residual hemiparesis following an ischemic stroke. Blood culture confirmed , and imaging identified vegetations on a bicuspid aortic valve.

Association of physical and sexual assault with mortality in two British birth cohorts.

Aims: The association of assault in adulthood with all-cause mortality, and the relevance of intermediate psychological distress, alcohol use and cigarette smoking, is poorly understood. We used data from British birth cohorts (the 1958 National Child Development Study referred to as the 1958 birth cohort and the 1970 British Birth Cohort Study) to investigate association between assault and mortality, employing a formal approach for the identification of psychological distress, alcohol use and cigarette smoking as mediators.

Methods: Associations (HRs), between assault and mortality were estimated with Cox regressions, adjusting for potential confounders.

Can social adversity and mental, physical and oral multimorbidity form a syndemic? A concept and protocol paper.

Background: Clustering mental, physical and oral conditions reduce drastically the life expectancy. These conditions are precipitated and perpetuated by adverse social, economic, environmental, political and healthcare contextual factors, and sustained through bidirectional interactions forming potentially a 'syndemic'. No previous study has investigated such potential syndemic.

Changing the trajectories of mental health difficulties in Norfolk and Suffolk: a research-priority-setting project with patients, the public, clinicians, policymakers and other stakeholders-study protocol.

Introduction: Mental health problems are the most significant cause of disability and have high annual economic costs; hence, they are a priority for the government, service providers and policymakers. Consisting of largely coastal and rural communities, the populations of Norfolk and Suffolk, UK, have elevated burdens of mental health problems, areas with high levels of deprivation and an increasing migrant population. However, these communities are underserved by research and areas with the greatest mental health needs are not represented or engaged in research.

Health, Disability, and Economic Inactivity Following a Diagnosis of a Severe Mental Illness: Cohort Study of Electronic Health Records Linked at the Individual-Level, to Census from England.

Background: The association of social and clinical indicators with employment, disability, and health outcomes among individuals with severe mental illnesses (SMI) remains unclear. Existing evidence primarily comes from smaller cohort studies limited by shorter follow-up and high attrition, or registry-based research, which lacks information on important social determinants.

Study Design: We utilized a novel data linkage consisting of clinical records of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia-spectrum or bipolar disorders from the South London and Maudsley Mental Health Trust, linked at the individual-level to the 2011 UK Census, a rich source for sociodemographic information.

The public health significance of prior homelessness: findings on multimorbidity and mental health from a nationally representative survey.

Aims: The associations of prior homelessness with current health are unknown. Using nationally representative data collected in private households in England, this study aimed to examine Common Mental Disorders (CMDs), physical health, alcohol/substance dependence, and multimorbidities in people who formerly experienced homelessness compared to people who never experienced homelessness.

Methods: This cross-sectional study utilised data from the 2007 and 2014 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Surveys.

Access to psychological therapies amongst patients with a mental health diagnosis in primary care: a data linkage study.

Purpose: Significant numbers of people in England have fallen into a gap between primary care psychological therapies and specialist mental health services. We aim to examine pathways to care by looking at demographic variation in detection and referral to primary and secondary psychological services in south London.

Methods: Longitudinal descriptive study using a record linkage between a primary care database (Lambeth DataNet) and a secondary care mental health database (CRIS).

Living less safely through the pandemic in England for people with serious mental and physical health conditions: qualitative interviews with service users and carers of Black African, Caribbean, and South-Asian descent.

Background: COVID-19 Ethnic Inequalities in Mental health and Multimorbidities (COVEIMM) is a mixed methods study to explore whether COVID-19 exacerbated ethnic health inequalities in adults with serious mental and physical health conditions. We analysed data from electronic health records for England and conducted interviews in Birmingham and Solihull, Manchester, and South London. Sites were selected because they were pilot sites for the Patient and Carer Race Equality Framework being introduced by NHS England to tackle race inequalities in mental health.

Social connection interventions and depression in young adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Early adulthood is a period which may increase vulnerability to loneliness and mental health difficulties among young adults. Social networks play an important role in buffering against adverse mental health, but there is a lack of evidence around whether social connection interventions could play a role in preventing mental health difficulties for young adults.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted (PROSPERO ID: CRD42023395595).

Investigating mental healthcare inequalities associated with forced migration: promise and potential pitfalls of electronic health records.

There is a lack of data on mental health service utilisation and outcomes for people with experience of forced migration living in the UK. Details about migration experiences documented in free-text fields in electronic health records might be harnessed using novel data science methods; however, there are potential limitations and ethical concerns.

Exploring experiences with alcohol and how drinking has changed over time among minority ethnic groups with a diagnosed mental health problem.

Introduction: Minority ethnic groups are more likely to experience poor mental health but less likely to seek formal support. Mental health problems and alcohol use (including non-drinking) co-occur, the reasons for this among minority ethnic groups are not well understood. This study explored i) alcohol use among minority ethnic individuals with a mental health problem,ii) how alcohol was used before individuals received support for their mental health,iii) how alcohol changed whilst and after individuals received treatment for their mental health.

Interventions targeting social determinants of mental disorders and the Sustainable Development Goals: a systematic review of reviews.

Globally, mental disorders account for almost 20% of disease burden and there is growing evidence that mental disorders are socially determined. Tackling the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs), which address social determinants of mental disorders, may be an effective way to reduce the global burden of mental disorders. We conducted a systematic review of reviews to examine the evidence base for interventions that map onto the UN SDGs and seek to improve mental health through targeting known social determinants of mental disorders.

Impact of inconsistent ethnicity recordings on estimates of inequality in child health and education data: a data linkage study of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services in South London.

Objectives: Ethnicity data are critical for identifying inequalities, but previous studies suggest that ethnicity is not consistently recorded between different administrative datasets. With researchers increasingly leveraging cross-domain data linkages, we investigated the completeness and consistency of ethnicity data in two linked health and education datasets.

Design: Cohort study.

Understanding social and clinical associations with unemployment for people with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders: large-scale health records study.

Purpose: People with severe mental illness (SMI) experience high levels of unemployment. We aimed to better understand the associations between clinical, social, and demographic inequality indicators and unemployment.

Methods: Data were extracted from de-identified health records of people with SMI in contact with secondary mental health services in south London, UK.

Improving our understanding of the social determinants of mental health: a data linkage study of mental health records and the 2011 UK census.

Objectives: To address the lack of individual-level socioeconomic information in electronic healthcare records, we linked the 2011 census of England and Wales to patient records from a large mental healthcare provider. This paper describes the linkage process and methods for mitigating bias due to non-matching.

Setting: South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM), a mental healthcare provider in Southeast London.

The association between area-level factors and mortality in severe mental illnesses: A systematic review.

Background: Premature mortality is a well-documented adverse outcome for people living with severe mental illnesses (SMI). Emerging evidence suggests that area-level factors play a role that are experienced disproportionately by this population. This review assesses the potential association between area-level factors and mortality in people with SMI.

Differences in the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the long-term trajectories of life satisfaction by sex in the UK: a prospective cohort study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected women's mental health, with most evidence focused on mental ill-health outcomes. Previous research suggests that differences in time-use might explain this disparity, as women generally spent more time doing psychologically taxing activities than men. We investigated (1) sex differences in the impact of the pandemic in the long-term trajectories of life satisfaction and (2) whether time-use differences partly explained that differential impact.

Severe mental illness, race/ethnicity, multimorbidity and mortality following COVID-19 infection: nationally representative cohort study.

Background: The association of COVID-19 with death in people with severe mental illness (SMI), and associations with multimorbidity and ethnicity, are unclear.

Aims: To determine all-cause mortality in people with SMI following COVID-19 infection, and assess whether excess mortality is affected by multimorbidity or ethnicity.

Method: This was a retrospective cohort study using primary care data from the Clinical Practice Research Database, from February 2020 to April 2021.

Associations between air pollution and mental health service use in dementia: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Little is known about the role of air pollution in how people with dementia use mental health services.

Objective: We examined longitudinal associations between air pollution exposure and mental health service use in people with dementia.

Methods: In 5024 people aged 65 years or older with dementia in South London, high resolution estimates of nitrogen dioxide (NO) and particulate matter (PM and PM) levels in ambient air were linked to residential addresses.

Long-term psychological distress trajectories and the COVID-19 pandemic in three British birth cohorts: A multi-cohort study.

Background: Growing evidence suggests that population mental health outcomes have worsened since the pandemic started. The extent that these changes have altered common age-related trends in psychological distress, where distress typically rises until midlife and then falls after midlife in both sexes, is unknown. We aimed to analyse whether long-term pre-pandemic psychological distress trajectories were disrupted during the pandemic, and whether these changes have been different across cohorts and by sex.