Fluorescence angiography with indocyanine green for low anterior resection in patients with rectal cancer: a prospective before and after study.

Background: Inadequate bowel perfusion is among risk factors for colorectal anastomotic leaks. Perfusion can be assessed with indocyanine green fluorescence angiography (ICG) during colon resections. Possible benefits from its systematic use in high-risk patients with rectal cancer remain inconsistent.

TEMPOUR: A Randomized Controlled Trial Assessing Perioperative Use of An Alpha-1-Blocker to Reduce Postoperative Urinary Retention Following Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery Procedures.

Background: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery is a treatment option for a wide range of rectal lesions. Postoperative urinary retention is a frequently associated complication. Some studies have suggested that the use of alpha-1-blockers may reduce the risk of postoperative urinary retention after hernia and colorectal surgery, but evidence is lacking.

[ÉCHINOPS Project: Collaborating with Law Enforcement to Help the Escapees of the Healthcare System].

Objectives In Canada, it is estimated that 5 to 31% of police interventions involve people with mental health disorders. The objective of this review of the scientific literature is to raise a myriad of issues in the approach to these patients in the community. We then illustrate this context with a Montreal initiative: The ÉCHINOPS Project (Hybrid Community Team for Innovative Interventions NPO-Psychiatry-SPVM).

Importance of eukaryotes in shaping microbial benthic communities in Charente-maritime marshes, France.

Marshes are wetlands known for providing major ecosystem services in terms of water quality and human activities. These ecosystem services are mainly provided by marshes' benthic community, composed of prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) but also of eukaryotes (micro-eukaryotes and meiofauna). The aim of this study is to (1) assess the environmental parameters affecting benthic community composition in marshes, (2) highlight the associations between organisms from the three domains of life, and (3) determine the parameters controlling these associations.

Targeted radionuclide therapy against GARP expressing T regulatory cells after tumour priming with external beam radiotherapy in a murine syngeneic model.

Purpose: Radiation therapy (RT) exerts its anti-tumour efficacy by inducing direct damage to cancer cells but also through modification of the tumour microenvironment (TME) by inducing immunogenic antitumor response. Conversely, RT also promotes an immunosuppressive TME notably through the recruitment of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP), a transmembrane protein highly expressed by activated Tregs, plays a key role in the activation of TGF-β and thus promotes the immunosuppressive action of Tregs.

AP-1 contributes to endosomal targeting of the ubiquitin ligase RNF13 via a secondary and novel non-canonical binding motif.

Cellular trafficking between organelles is typically assured by short motifs that contact carrier proteins to transport them to their destination. The ubiquitin E3 ligase RING finger protein 13 (RNF13), a regulator of proliferation, apoptosis and protein trafficking, localizes to endolysosomal compartments through the binding of a dileucine motif to clathrin adaptor protein complex AP-3. Mutations within this motif reduce the ability of RNF13 to interact with AP-3.

CD206 macrophages are relevant non-invasive imaging biomarkers and therapeutic targets in experimental lung fibrosis.

Background: Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) include a large number of diseases associated with progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF), including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Despite the rarity of each of the fibrotic ILDs individually, they cumulatively affect a considerable number of patients. PPF is characterised by an excessive collagen deposition leading to functional decline.

ICOS-expressing Regulatory T Cells Influence the Composition of Antitumor CTL Populations.

The role of ICOS in antitumor T cell responses and overall tumor progression has been controversial. In this study, we compared tumor progression in mice lacking ICOS selectively in regulatory T (Treg) cells or in all T cells. Using an experimental melanoma lung metastasis model, we found that Treg cell-specific ICOS knockout reduces the overall tumor burden compared with Cre control mice, with increased CD4+-to-Treg cell and CD8+-to-Treg cell ratios in the tumor.

Resonance Frequency Analysis Identifies Implant- and Host-Related Factors Associated With Bone-Anchored Hearing Implant Stability.

Hypothesis: Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) is a reliable, noninvasive method to assess the stability of bone-anchored hearing implants (BAHIs), although surgical-, implant-, and host-related factors can affect its outcome.

Background: BAHI plays an important role in restoring hearing function. However, implant- and host-related factors contribute to premature implant extrusion.

Aggregation-induced emission organic metal halide complex for X-ray scintillation.

The expanding applications of X-ray scintillation across various areas, from healthcare to security detection call for the development of new-generation scintillators that offer enhanced sensitivity, efficiency, and versatility. Here, we report for the first time the use of organic metal halide complexes with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) for X-ray scintillation, which can be facilely synthesized and processed in the solution phase. By reacting an AIE organic molecule, 4-(4-(diphenylamino) phenyl)-1-(propyl)-pyridinium (TPA-PD) with zinc chloride (ZnCl) in solution at room temperature, an organic metal halide complex, (TPA-PD)ZnCl, is produced with a high synthetic yield of 87%.

Radiographic Robustness of Lumbar Interbody Fusion Techniques.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Objectives: Lumbar interbody fusion (LIF) can be achieved with various techniques. Evidence supporting the long-term clinical advantages of one technique over another are inconclusive.

Loop Ileostomy Closure as a 23-Hour Stay Procedure With Preoperative Efferent Limb Enteral Stimulation: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Loop ileostomy closure is a common procedure in colorectal surgery. Often seen as a simple operation associated with a low complication rate, it still leads to lengthy hospitalizations. Reducing postoperative complications and ileus rates could lead to a shorter length of stay and even ambulatory surgery.

Changes in resting-state functional MRI connectivity during and after transcranial direct current stimulation in healthy adults.

Introduction: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) at rest can influence behaviors. However, its mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study examined the effect of a single session of tDCS over the bilateral DLPFC on resting-state functional connectivity using fMRI (rs-fcMRI) during and after stimulation in healthy adults.

Breed and loading history influence in vivo skeletal strain patterns in pre-pubertal female chickens.

The influence of loading history on in vivo strains within a given specie remains poorly understood, and although in vivo strains have been measured at the hindlimb bones of various species, strains engendered during modes of activity other than locomotion are lacking, particularly in non-human species. For commercial egg-laying chickens specifically, there is an interest in understanding their bones' mechanical behaviour, particularly during youth, to develop early interventions to prevent the high incidence of osteoporosis in this population. We measured in vivo mechanical strains at the tibiotarsus midshaft during steady activities (ground, uphill, downhill locomotion) and non-steady activities (perching, jumping, aerial transition landing) in 48 pre-pubescent female (egg-laying) chickens from two breeds that were reared in three different housing systems, allowing varying amounts and types of physical activity.

Randomized Trial of Targeted Transendocardial Mesenchymal Precursor Cell Therapy in Patients With Heart Failure.

Background: Mesenchymal precursor cells (MPCs) are allogeneic, immunoselected cells with anti-inflammatory properties that could improve outcomes in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).

Objectives: This study assessed the efficacy and safety of MPCs in patients with high-risk HFrEF.

Methods: This randomized, double-blind, multicenter study evaluated a single transendocardial administration procedure of MPCs or sham-control in 565 intention-to-treat patients with HFrEF on guideline-directed therapies.

ICOS costimulation is indispensable for the differentiation of T follicular regulatory cells.

ICOS is a T-cell costimulatory receptor critical for Tfh cell generation and function. However, the role of ICOS in Tfr cell differentiation remains unclear. Using Foxp3-Cre-mediated ICOS knockout (ICOS FC) mice, we show that ICOS deficiency in Treg-lineage cells drastically reduces the number of Tfr cells during GC reactions but has a minimal impact on conventional Treg cells.

Phosphoproteomic analysis identifies supervillin as an ERK3 substrate regulating cytokinesis and cell ploidy.

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 3 (ERK3) is a poorly characterized member of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase family. Functional analysis of the ERK3 signaling pathway has been hampered by a lack of knowledge about the substrates and downstream effectors of the kinase. Here, we used large-scale quantitative phosphoproteomics and targeted gene silencing to identify direct ERK3 substrates and gain insight into its cellular functions.

A multi-approach inventory of the blue carbon stocks of Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows: Large scale application in Calvi Bay (Corsica, NW Mediterranean).

In Mediterranean, Posidonia oceanica develops a belowground complex structure ('matte') able to store large amounts of carbon over thousands of years. The inventory of blue carbon stocks requires the coupling of mapping techniques and in situ sediment sampling to assess the size and the variability of these stocks. This study aims to quantify the organic (C) and inorganic (C) carbon stocks in the P.

Sociodemographic patterning of dietary profiles among Inuit youth and adults in Nunavik, Canada: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Country (traditional) foods are integral to Inuit culture, but market food consumption is increasing. The Qanuilirpitaa? 2017 Nunavik Health Survey (Q2017) reported similar country food consumption frequency compared to that in 2004; however, examining food items individually does not account for diet patterns, food accessibility, and correlations between food items. Our objective was to identify underlying dietary profiles and compare them across sex, age, ecological region, and food insecurity markers, given the links among diet, health, and sociocultural determinants.

Recurrence following transanal total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer: a monocentric retrospective series of technically difficult cases.

Purpose: Transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) has been proposed to overcome surgical difficulties encountered during rectal resection, especially for patients having high body mass index or low rectal cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate oncologic outcomes following TaTME.

Methods: This retrospective study included all consecutive patients with rectal cancer who had a TaTME from 2013 to 2019.

The complex lipid, SPPCT-800, reduces lung damage, improves pulmonary function and decreases pro-inflammatory cytokines in the murine LPS-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) model.

Context: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a highly fatal, inflammatory condition of lungs with multiple causes. There is no adequate treatment.

Objective: Using the murine LPS-induced ARDS model, we investigate SPPCT-800 (a complex lipid) as treatment for ARDS.

ICOS-Deficient Regulatory T Cells Can Prevent Spontaneous Autoimmunity but Are Impaired in Controlling Acute Inflammation.

ICOS is induced in activated T cells and its main role is to boost differentiation and function of effector T cells. ICOS is also constitutively expressed in a subpopulation of Foxp3 regulatory T cells under steady-state condition. Studies using ICOS germline knockout mice or ICOS-blocking reagents suggested that ICOS has supportive roles in regulatory T (Treg) cell homeostasis, migration, and function.