Photochemistry of the Fe(III)-iminodiacetic acid complex under UVA and UV/Vis irradiation: synthesis and characterisation.

The photochemistry of Fe(III)-Iminodiacetic acid complex (Fe(III)-IDA) was studied under UVA and UV/Vis irradiation. The synthesis was realised via molar ratio method modified by reaction of IDA as ligand with Fe(III) as metal. The interaction of Fe(III) with IDA was characterised using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and spectroscopy UV-visible.

Performances of single tube nested polymerase chain reaction and GeneXpert ultra on Formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues in the diagnosis of tuberculous spondylodiscitis.

Introduction: Tuberculous Spondylodiscitis is the most common form of musculoskeletal tuberculosis. Molecular techniques on fresh tissues are proved to improve the diagnosis of tuberculous spondylodiscitis and to allow a rapid diagnosis to initiate the treatment and prevent neurological complications.

Objectives: The objective of the present study was to assess the diagnostic performances of single tube nested PCR and GeneXpert ultra in the diagnosis of tuberculous spondylodiscitis on formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues.

Effect of Fe(III)-bicarboxylic complexes in removal pollutant under UV and sunlight in aqueous solutions.

In this study, we have applied Fe(III)-bi-carboxylic acid solutions containing citrate and oxalate ligands to degrade 3-méthylphénol (3MP) in aqueous solutions both under UV and sunlight. Under irradiation at 365 nm, the photodegradation of 3MP is markedly better in the presence of the Fe(III)Ox complex than in the Fe(III)Cit complex this fact is explained by an excess of HO and Fe(II) generated by Fe(III)Ox photolysis creating the Fenton process. We mixtures were realized by varying the composition of the Fe(III)Cit and Fe(III)Ox in order to see the additives of the degradation efficiency of the pollutant.

Influence of bifentrin, a pyrethriod pesticide, on human colorectal HCT-116 cells attributed to alterations in oxidative stress involving mitochondrial apoptotic processes.

The widespread use of pesticides is beneficial for food production; however, there are numerous adverse consequences reported in the ecosystem and humans associated with exposure to these contaminants. The pyrethriod bifenthrin (BIF) is utilized for (1) maintenance, growth, and storage of agricultural products; (2) control of internal and external parasites of farm animals; and (3) eradication of insects threatening public health. Numerous data are available regarding environmental and ecological impact of pyrethriods on the central and peripheral nervous systems; however few studies focused on non-target tissues especially in humans.

Eugenol protects against citrinin-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative damages in cultured human colorectal HCT116 cells.

This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Eugenol (EUG), an effective antioxidant phenolic compound with a radical scavenging activity against citrinin (CTN)-induced toxicity in vitro using HCT116 cells. CTN is a well-known mycotoxin found in different constituents of the food chain. This environmental contaminant produces free radicals which interacts with cellular macromolecules and produces oxidation of protein, lipid, and DNA.

Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate induces cardiac disorders in BALB/c mice.

Because of the extensive use of phthalates for domestic, medical, and industrial applications, the evaluation of their toxic effects is of major concern to public health. The aim of the present study was to assess the propensity of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), one of the most used phthalates, to cause oxidative cardiac damage in mice. DEHP was administered intraperitoneally at doses of 5, 50, and 200 mg/kg body weight for 30 consecutive days in BALB/c mice.

Citrinin induces apoptosis in human HCT116 colon cancer cells through endoplasmic reticulum stress.

The mycotoxin citrinin (CTN) is a natural contaminant of various human foods that may produce serious adverse health problems. Several studies demonstrated that citrinin exerts cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in both in vivo and in vitro systems. However, the precise mechanisms of action (MOA), particularly in intestinal cells remain unclear.

Identification of proteins related to early changes observed in Human hepatocellular carcinoma cells after treatment with the mycotoxin Zearalenone.

Zearalenone (ZEA) is a mycotoxin produced by some Fusarium species. ZEA often occur as a contaminant in cereal grains and animal feeds. Human exposure occurs by ingestion of mycotoxin-contaminated products and can cause serious health problems.

Protective effect of cactus cladode extract against cisplatin induced oxidative stress, genotoxicity and apoptosis in balb/c mice: combination with phytochemical composition.

Background: Cis-Platinum (II) (cis-diammine dichloroplatinum; CDDP) is a potent antitumor compound widely used for the treatment of many malignancies. An important side-effect of CDDP is nephrotoxicity. The cytotoxic action of this drug is often thought to induce oxidative stress and be associated with its ability to bind DNA to form CDDP-DNA adducts and apoptosis in kidney cells.

The in vitro effects of zearalenone and T-2 toxins on Vero cells.

The aim of the present study was to investigate in vitro, whether cytolethality and oxidative damage is enhanced by combination of both mycotoxins as compared to their individual effect. In our paper, we applied a tiered in vitro experimental approach in order to predict the possible health risk effects of two interactive fusarial toxins. Considering the concomitant production of zearalenone (ZEN) and T-2 toxin, it is very likely that humans and animals are always exposed to the mixture rather than to individual compounds.

Cell death in relation to DNA damage after exposure to the jellyfish Pelagia noctiluca nematocysts.

Studies on the toxicity of Mediterranean jellyfish have gained attention owing to their weak toxic properties. Our research has been mainly performed on the Scyphomedusae. Pelagia noctiluca is a scyphozoan jellyfish which causes a danger to sea bathers and fishery damages in the Mediterranean Sea.

Induction of cytotoxicity of Pelagia noctiluca venom causes reactive oxygen species generation, lipid peroxydation induction and DNA damage in human colon cancer cells.

Background: The long-lasting and abundant blooming of Pelagia noctiluca in Tunisian coastal waters compromises both touristic and fishing activities and causes substantial economic losses. Determining their molecular mode of action is, important in order to limit or prevent the subsequent damages. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the propensity of Pelagia noctiluca venom to cause oxidative damage in HCT 116 cells and its associated genotoxic effects.

Chemopreventive effect of cactus Opuntia ficus indica on oxidative stress and genotoxicity of aflatoxin B1.

Background: Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is potent hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic agent. In aflatoxicosis, oxidative stress is a common mechanism contributing to initiation and progression of hepatic damage. The aim of this work was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of cactus cladode extract (CCE) on aflatoxin B1-induced liver damage in mice by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) level, the protein carbonyls generation and the heat shock proteins Hsp 70 and Hsp 27 expressions in liver.

Protective effect of erythropoietin against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats: antigenotoxic and antiapoptotic effect.

Cisplatin (Cisp) is an active cytotoxic agent that was found efficient in the treatment of various types of solid tumors. Its nephrotoxic effect has been very well documented in clinical oncology. Erythropoietin (EPO), a renal cytokine-regulating hematopoiesis, has recently been shown to exert important cytoprotective effects in many experimental injuries.

Antioxidative and antigenotoxic effect of vitamin E against patulin cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in HepG2 cells.

Patulin (PAT) is a mycotoxin produced in fruits, mainly in apples, by certain species of Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Byssochlamys. It has been shown that PAT is cytotoxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic in different cell types. Several studies incriminate the oxidative stress as a mechanism of PAT-mediated toxicity.

Protective effect of aqueous extract of Allium sativum against zearalenone toxicity mediated by oxidative stress.

Zearalenone (ZEN) is a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin produced by several species of Fusarium in cereals and agricultural products. It has been implicated in several mycotoxicosis in farm animals and in humans. Several reports suggest that oxidative damage seems to be a key determinant of ZEN induced toxicity in vitro and in vivo.

Presence of ochratoxin A in Tunisian blood nephropathy patients. Exposure level to OTA.

Ochratoxin A (OTA) produced by Aspergillus and Penicillium genera contaminates cereals and different food compounds. OTA presents a wide range of toxic effects, especially nephrotoxicity. It is also considered to be the main causal agent of Balkan Endemic Nephropathy (BEN) which is similar to the Chronic Interstitial Nephropathy with unknown aetiology seen in Tunisia.

Sequential events of apoptosis induced by zearalenone in cultured hepatocarcinoma cells.

Zearalenone (ZEA) is a fungal metabolite that can contaminate feed and foodstuffs and can cause serious health problems for animals as well as for humans. The present investigation was conducted to determine the chronological succession of the main events that characterise ZEA-induced toxicity in human hepatocarcinoma cells. To this aim, we have monitored the effects of ZEA on (1) cell viability, (2) heat-shock protein expression, (3) oxidative damage, (4) DNA fragmentation, (5) the cell cycle and (6) the cell-death-signalling pathway.

Molecular events involved in ochratoxin A induced mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, modulation by Bcl-2 family members.

In this study, we looked for the role of the mitochondrion in the cytotoxicity of ochratoxin A (OTA), which is one of the most abundant food-contaminating mycotoxins in the world. In different human carcinoma cell lines, OTA triggered a mitochondria-dependent apoptotic process, which is characterized by opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTPC), loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨ(m) ), increase in O(2) [chemp](-) production, mitochondrial relocalization of Bax, release of cytochrome c, and caspase activation. However, studies performed on purified organelles suggested that OTA does not directly target the mitochondrion.

Ochratoxin A levels in spices and dried nuts consumed in Tunisia.

A total of 112 samples of spices (24 caraway, 20 coriander, 25 curcuma, 20 black pepper and 23 red pepper) and 110 samples of dried nuts (44 almonds, 42 peanuts and 24 pistachio) purchased from popular markets in 24 regions of Tunisia were analyzed for ochratoxin A (OTA) by fluorescence HPLC. The average levels of contamination of OTA found in spice samples were 244, 206, 290, 274 and 203 µg/kg, respectively, for caraway, coriander, curcuma, black pepper and red pepper. Concerning dried nut samples, the average levels were 61, 60 and 89 µg/kg, respectively, for almonds, peanuts and pistachio.

Cytotoxic effects exerted by polyarylsulfone dialyser membranes depend on different sterilization processes.

Polyarylsulfone group is one of the most important polymeric materials used in the biomedical field, due to its excellent properties, such as good thermal, chemical, and mechanical stability. There are three important polyarylsulfone polymers, all of which have excellent electrical properties: polysulfone (PSu), polyarylsulfone (PAS) and polyarylethersulfone (PAES). All these polymers have excellent creep, radiation and high temperature resistance.

Comparative study of toxic effects of zearalenone and its two major metabolites alpha-zearalenol and beta-zearalenol on cultured human Caco-2 cells.

Zearalenone (ZEN) is a fusarotoxin converted predominantly into alpha-zearalenol (alpha-Zol) and beta-zearalenol (beta-Zol) by hepatic hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases. The feeding of naturally contaminated grains with ZEN was associated with hyperestrogenic and adverse effects on humans and animals. There is a lack of information on the attribution of the toxic effects of these toxins.

Pathway of deoxynivalenol-induced apoptosis in human colon carcinoma cells.

The mycotoxin, deoxynivalenol (DON), is generally detected in cereal grains and grain-based food products worldwide. Therefore, DON has numerous toxicological effects on animals and humans. The present investigation was conducted to determine the molecular aspects of DON toxicity on human colon carcinoma cells (HT 29).

Fusarial toxin-induced toxicity in cultured cells and in isolated mitochondria involves PTPC-dependent activation of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis.

Mycotoxins produced by the Fusarium molds can cause a variety of human diseases and economic losses in livestock. Fusaria produce predominantly two types of mycotoxins: the nonestrogenic trichothecenes including T-2 toxin and the mycoestrogens such as zearalenone (ZEN). In a previous report, we demonstrated that the hepatotoxicity of these mycotoxins involves the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis.

Toxicities induced in cultured human hepatocarcinoma cells exposed to ochratoxin A: oxidative stress and apoptosis status.

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin currently detected in stored animal and human food supplies as well as in human sera worldwide. OTA has diverse toxicological effects; however, the most prominent one is the nephrotoxicity. The present investigation was conducted to determine the molecular aspects of OTA toxicity in cultured human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.