[Gestational diabetes--recommendations for general screening and treatment].

Gestational diabetes is defined as glucose intolerance that is first diagnosed during pregnancy. Poorly controlled diabetes, and hence, also gestational diabetes, is associated with an elevated risk of complications for mother and child. Therefore, all pregnant women should be screened for gestational diabetes by glucose tolerance tests.

[Surgical operations in diabetics].

In view of the increasing incidence of diabetes, in particular in the second half of life, the number of patients in need of surgery will in the future grow disproportionately. In the pre-operative period, adequate metabolic control must have been achieved, and must be maintained intraoperatively and postoperatively. Peri-operative blood sugar levels of between 100 and 140 mg/dl improve outcome and reduce wound healing disorders.

Effects on bone mineral density of low-dosed oral contraceptives compared to and combined with physical activity.

A cross-sectional study was designed to examine the influence of exercise compared to and in combination with low-dosed oral contraceptives (OCs) on bone mineral density (BMD). One hundred twenty-eight women (20 to 35 years of age) were assigned to four groups with respect to the years of exercise and OC intake. Influence factors were determined by a detailed questionnaire and interview.

[Diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension. In search of the connecting link].

Late diabetic effects are the sequelae of for a long time super elevated blood sugar levels. The diabetic nephropathy is the cause of the secondary arterial hypertension. The investigation seeks for the connections between the diabetes mellitus and the essential, that is primary hypertension.

Pharmacokinetics of biosynthetic human proinsulin following intravenous and subcutaneous administration in metabolically healthy volunteers.

40 pmol of biosynthetic human proinsulin was administered to 8 healthy volunteers by intravenous and by subcutaneous route. Following proinsulin administration, venous blood was collected in regular intervals within which proinsulin was determined by a specific radioimmunometric assay with monoclonal antibodies. The proinsulin concentration was determined simultaneously with the insulin and C-peptide radioimmunoassay.

Clinical investigations into the modification of the effect of endogenous and exogenous insulin by human proinsulin in type II and type I diabetics.

The investigation on hand leads to the conclusion that HPRO can additively increase the blood glucose lowering effect of endogenous and exogenously administered insulin. Etiologically the prolonged retention time of HPRO in the circulation - compared to HI - must be primarily discussed. In the further course the question arises to what extent traditional retard insulins would have to be replaced or supplemented by HPRO.

Action profile of biosynthetic human proinsulin trials with the BIOSTATOR in metabolically normal subjects.

Studies to examine the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic properties of biosynthetic human proinsulin were conducted with the aid of the "glucose-controlled insulin infusion system BIOSTATOR". Seven metabolically normal healthy volunteers were given subcutaneous injections of 0.1 mg human proinsulin per kg body weight, and the subsequent behaviour of the serum proinsulin concentration was monitored over a period of 21 hours.

Kinetics of biosynthetic human proinsulin in patients with terminal renal insufficiency.

Eight volunteers with terminal renal insufficiency having consented to the investigation, were given an i.v. bolus administration of 40 pmol biosynthetic human proinsulin on their dialysis-free day.

[New observations in a case of Cronkhite-Canada syndrome].

We report about a 76 years old patient with Cronkhite-Canada syndrome. The diagnosis has been found with the following clinical symptoms: diarrhea, anorexia, alopecia, and onychotrophia. Laboratory values: severe hypoproteinemia (total serum protein 4.

The dexamethasone suppression test in depressive and schizophrenic patients under controlled treatment conditions.

Endogenous depressive and schizophrenic patients demonstrated the same frequency of pathological DST results after admission. After 3 weeks of psychopharmacological treatment the percentage of abnormal DST results was significantly reduced in both groups, although the treatment conditions were different. A correlation between the DST non-suppression and intensity of depression was observed only in the depressive group, not in the schizophrenic group.

Serial application of clonidine tests during antidepressive treatment with chlorimipramine.

In a controlled 3 week trial on 20 endogenous depressive inpatients refractory to outpatient treatment and treated with two different types of antidepressive medication (chlorimipramine vs. chlorimipramine combined with haloperidol in the first six days), the clonidine test was performed repetitiously to analyse changes of the functional state of central noradrenergic synapses. In nearly all cases the GH response after clonidine was blunted at the beginning and at the end of the trial; in a few cases a response was observed after 8 days of treatment.