Publications by authors named "Botterel F"
Background: The airways of patients with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) harbour complex fungal and bacterial microbiota involved in pulmonary exacerbations (PEx) and requiring antimicrobial treatment. Descriptive studies analysing bacterial and fungal microbiota concomitantly are scarce, especially using both culture and high-throughput-sequencing (HTS).
Objectives: We analysed bacterial-fungal microbiota and inter-kingdom correlations in two French CF centres according to clinical parameters and antimicrobial choices.
Invasive candidiasis, including intra-abdominal candidiasis (IAC), is a common complication after liver transplantation. Antifungal drugs such as echinocandins and fluconazole (FCZ) are frequently used to prevent or treat such fungal infections. The diffusion of these antifungals within abdominal body sites has been rarely reported, in particular, in liver transplant recipients.
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- The study aimed to standardize qPCR procedures for diagnosing Mucorales by examining factors that influence DNA extraction and PCR amplification efficiency.
- Two panels of samples were distributed to 26 laboratories, and results showed that using larger serum volumes for DNA extraction and larger input volumes for PCR significantly improved detection sensitivity.
- Findings highlight the importance of optimizing laboratory techniques to enhance diagnosis of Mucormycosis, a serious fungal infection, which is critical for timely treatment in vulnerable patients.
Unlabelled: Intestinal microsporidiosis caused by is an opportunistic infection that especially affects solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. Management revolves around tapering the immunosuppressive regimen and/or using a specific anti-microsporidia treatment, but only fumagillin has demonstrated efficacy for treatment of this infection. Since fumagillin has been commercially discontinued, nitazoxanide is increasingly being used in this indication.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study investigates the diagnostic practices for mucormycosis among 30 French University Hospital mycology laboratories, in 2024. All laboratories perform both direct examination and culture, with fluorescent brighteners being the most commonly used method for direct examination. While 77 % of the participating laboratories routinely identify Mucorales to the species level, with 70 % having adopted Mucorales-specific quantitative PCR, primarily for the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder characterized by chronic microbial colonization and inflammation of the respiratory tract (RT), leading to pulmonary exacerbation (PEx) and lung damage. Although the lung bacterial microbiota has been extensively studied, the mycobiome remains understudied. However, its importance as a contributor to CF pathophysiology has been highlighted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The resistance of Aspergillus flavus to the azole antifungal drugs is an emerging problem. Mutations in the molecular targets of the azole antifungals - CYP 51 A, B and C - are possible mechanisms of resistance, but data to confirm this hypothesis are scarce. In addition, the behaviour of resistant strains in vitro and in vivo is not yet understood.
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- Candida auris is a growing threat to healthcare facilities globally, necessitating systematic screening for patients from high-risk areas to prevent widespread outbreaks.
- A study analyzing responses from 36 French mycologists found that only 30.6% were aware of any systematic screening protocols for C. auris in their hospitals.
- Most post-admission screening focused on specific body sites, but only a small percentage utilized specialized testing methods, highlighting the need for increased awareness and better practices among healthcare professionals regarding systematic screening for this pathogen.
species are responsible for the most common fungal infections worldwide. We studied the antifungal activity of a large panel of essential oils (EOs) against various species. The EOs activity against spp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn recent years, the incidence of fungal infections in humans has increased dramatically, accompanied by an expansion in the number of species implicated as etiological agents, especially environmental fungi never involved before in human infection. Among fungal pathogens, species are the most common opportunistic fungi that can cause local and systemic infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals. () is the most common causative agent of mucosal and healthcare-associated systemic infections.
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- This study investigates COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) among critically ill patients during the Omicron variant wave, finding it affects 5.1% of patients and 9.1% of those on invasive mechanical ventilation.
- CAPA patients showed higher rates of immunosuppression and required more intensive care measures, like vasopressors and renal therapy, compared to non-CAPA patients.
- While CAPA did not significantly impact day-28 mortality, it was linked to longer mechanical ventilation and ICU stays, suggesting a shift in outcomes with emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Article Synopsis
- * Most TC cases were linked to the anthropophilic fungus Trichophyton tonsurans, which accounted for 32.6% of cases, while zoophilic species like M. canis were less common, indicating a shift towards human-associated infections.
- * Diagnosis typically involves traditional methods such as microscopy and culture, but advanced techniques like MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and molecular identification have been adopted in many labs to enhance accuracy.
Objectives: We aimed to describe features and outcomes of cryptococcosis among HIV-seronegative individuals in a large surveillance network for cryptococcosis in France.
Methods: We included incident cases of cryptococcosis in HIV-seronegative individuals from 2005 to 2020. We compared patient characteristics, disease presentations, cryptococcal antigen results, and induction antifungal treatments according to underlying disease.
Among 1107 cryptococcosis cases from the French surveillance network (2005-2020), the proportion of HIV-seronegative individuals has recently surpassed that of HIV-seropositive individuals. We observed marked differences in patient characteristics, disease presentations, cryptococcal antigen results, infecting species, and mortality according to HIV serostatus.
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- The study focuses on a group of fungal isolates, which require molecular identification due to their similarity to other species, and assesses their antifungal susceptibility and clinical context from patient sources.
- A total of 140 clinical isolates were analyzed over 15 years, using gene sequencing and susceptibility tests to evaluate resistance to antifungal medications like itraconazole and voriconazole.
- The results showed that most isolates were identified as a specific species, with a small percentage exhibiting resistance to isavuconazole and itraconazole, highlighting the need for reliable identification and treatment strategies in clinical settings.
Article Synopsis
- - Aspergillosis is a significant health threat for captive penguins, notably caused by airborne spores from Aspergillus molds, leading to treatment challenges and delayed diagnoses.
- - A study in a Paris zoo investigated the exposure risks to Aspergillus for Humboldt penguins, checking both environmental samples and non-invasive clinical samples over several months.
- - Results showed a high presence of Aspergillus strains, mainly A. fumigatus, in the environment, but identified only one azole-resistant strain, suggesting a low prevalence of resistance possibly due to the urban setting of the zoo.
Interactions between different kingdoms of microorganisms in humans are common but not well described. A recent analysis of the mycobiome has described the presence of different fungi and their positive and/or negative interactions with bacteria and other fungi. In chronic respiratory diseases, these different microorganisms form mixed biofilms to live inside.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPenicillium and Talaromyces spp. are environmental saprophytic molds rarely encountered as infectious agents in humans and animals. This article summarizes the clinical features, treatment, and outcomes of proven infections caused by Penicillium or Talaromyces in four dogs in France.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) is a life-threatening invasive mold infection. Diagnosis of mucormycosis is challenging and often delayed, resulting in higher mortality.
Research Question: Are the disease presentation of PM and contribution of diagnosis tools influenced by the patient's underlying condition?
Study Design And Methods: All PM cases from six French teaching hospitals between 2008 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed.
Background: Liver transplantation is increasing worldwide with underlying pathologies dominated by metabolic and alcoholic diseases in developed countries.
Methods: We provide a narrative review of invasive aspergillosis (IA) in liver transplant (LT) recipients. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar for references without language and time restrictions.