Highly-multiplex detection of plasma cell-free human papillomavirus-16 DNA in oropharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: Plasma cell-free Human Papillomavirus DNA (cfHPVDNA) is a biomarker for oropharyngeal carcinoma. Existing diagnostics may be limited by inadequate sensitivity or high cost/complexity for longitudinal monitoring.

Objectives: We hypothesized that sensitive and specific plasma cfHPVDNA detection may be achieved via a highly-multiplex qPCR method.

Outcomes in Minor Salivary Gland Tumors-A 20+ Year Tertiary-Care Center Experience.

Objective: Minor salivary gland carcinomas are challenging to study due to their rarity and heterogeneity. We aim to further characterize clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes over 20 years within a single institution.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review was conducted on 210 patients who received primary treatment for minor salivary gland malignancy from 2000 to 2022.

Positive Trends in Racial Disparities for Head and Neck Microvascular Reconstructive Surgery.

Objective: To evaluate national trends in racial disparities for patients undergoing head and neck reconstructive surgery.

Methods: Retrospective analysis using the 2008 to 2021 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Patients receiving microvascular free tissue transfer were eligible for inclusion.

Management of large head and neck defects in the vessel-depleted neck.

Purpose Of Review: Surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy are often utilized in the treatment of head and neck cancer. These treatments can cause extensive scarring within the neck and can limit the viability of recipient vessels for further microvascular reconstruction. Patients with vessel-depleted necks provide a significant challenge for microvascular surgeons and are a topic of much discussion in the field.

Extramammary Paget Disease of Oral Mucosa: Case Report with Literature Review.

Extramammary Paget disease (EPMD) of the oral mucosa is an unusual and extremely rare condition, with fewer than ten cases documented. Here, we report a case of EMPD extensively involving oral mucosa and underlying salivary ducts in a 72-year-old male and review published clinical, histologic, immunophenotypic, and prognostic features of this rare entity.

CDK4/6 Inhibition Induces Senescence and Enhances Radiation Response by Disabling DNA Damage Repair in Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Purpose: HPV(-) OCSCC resists radiation treatment. The gene, encoding p16INK4A, is commonly disrupted in OCSCC. p16 inhibits CDK4/CDK6, leading to cell cycle arrest, but the biological sequelae of CDK4/6 inhibition in OCSCC remains understudied.

Severe COVID-19 Is Associated With an Altered Upper Respiratory Tract Microbiome.

Background: The upper respiratory tract (URT) is the portal of entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and SARS-CoV-2 likely interacts with the URT microbiome. However, understanding of the associations between the URT microbiome and the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still limited.

Objective: Our primary objective was to identify URT microbiome signature/s that consistently changed over a spectrum of COVID-19 severity.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the larynx: Case report.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor is usually a benign tumor of mesenchymal origin that is rarely found in the larynx. This case explores the unique laryngeal location and presentation of this tumor as well as the challenging radiographic and histologic findings.

Impact of Treatment Parameters on Racial Survival Differences in Oropharyngeal Cancer: National Cancer Database Study.

Objective: To investigate how differences in treatment parameters account for survival differences between races of patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC).

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: National Cancer Database.

Improving the Pediatric Floor Discharge Process Following Tonsillectomy.

Objectives/hypothesis: Over 300,000 tonsillectomies are performed nationwide every year. In 2017, half of children undergoing tonsillectomy at our institution were admitted to the pediatric floor, with only 10.4% being discharged before 11 AM on postoperative day 1 (POD1).

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on otolaryngologic emergency department visits at two major NYC hospital systems.

Purpose: Since the COVID-19 pandemic began, emergency departments (ED) across the country have seen a significant decrease in patient visits. We aim to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on ED visits for acute otolaryngologic complaints in New York City, one of the first epicenters of the pandemic in the US.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients who presented to the ED with a primary diagnosis of an acute otolaryngologic complaint between March 1 and May 31 in 2019 and 2020.

COVID-19-Induced Anosmia and Ageusia Are Associated With Younger Age and Lower Blood Eosinophil Counts.

Background: Anosmia and ageusia are symptoms commonly associated with COVID-19, but the relationship with disease severity, onset and recovery are unclear.

Objective: To examine factors associated with anosmia and ageusia and the recovery from these symptoms in an ethnically diverse cohort.

Methods: Individuals tested for SARS-CoV-2 between March and April 2020 were eligible for the study.

Implementation of an Online Multimedia Pediatric Tracheostomy Care Module for Healthcare Providers.

Objectives/hypothesis: To investigate the effect of a multimedia educational module on provider attitudes toward pediatric tracheostomy care. We also describe the process of module development and dissemination at an academic children's hospital.

Study Design: Prospective observational study.

The Impact of the Pandemic on Otolaryngology Patients With Negative COVID-19 Status: Commentary and Insights From Orbital Emergencies.

Efforts aimed at minimizing the spread of COVID-19 and "flattening the curve" may be affecting clinical care delivery for non-COVID-19 cases that include otolaryngologic and orbital conditions. We are witnessing changes in the manner that patients present, as well as modifications in clinical management strategies. An improved understanding of these phenomena and the contributing factors is essential for otolaryngologists to provide sound clinical care during this unprecedented pandemic.

Occluded Superficial Femoral and Popliteal Artery Stents Can Have a Negative Impact on Bypass Target.

Purpose: To identify whether occluded femoropopliteal stents influence previously available lower extremity bypass (LEB) targets.

Methods: Among 621 consecutive patients who had undergone stenting of a superficial femoral artery or popliteal artery lesion from January 2009 to December 2013, 30 patients (mean age 69.9±10.

Maternal anemia associated with walkable distance to healthy food sources in Bronx, New York.

The relationship between walkable access to healthy food sources and risk of anemia in pregnancy was evaluated for a cohort of 4678 women who initiated prenatal care in the year 2010 at an academic medical center in Bronx, New York. After geocoding patient residences, street network distances were obtained for the closest healthy food sources, which were identified from multiple databases. For lower-income patients, as indicated by Medicaid or lack of health insurance, those who lived less than 0.

Oral human papillomavirus detection in older adults who have human immunodeficiency virus infection.

Objective: To evaluate reproducibility of oral rinse self-collection for human papillomavirus (HPV) detection and investigate associations between oral HPV, oral lesions, immune and sociodemographic factors, we performed a cross-sectional study of older adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.

Study Design: We collected oral rinse samples from 52 subjects at 2 different times of day, followed by an oral examination and interview. We identified HPV with the use of polymerase chain reaction platforms optimized for detection of mucosal and cutaneous types.

Characterization of human papillomavirus type 120: a novel betapapillomavirus with tropism for multiple anatomical niches.

Recent studies indicate that human papillomaviruses (HPVs) from the genera Betapapillomavirus and Gammapapillomavirus are abundant in the human oral cavity. We report the cloning and characterization of a 7304 bp HPV120 genome from the oral cavity that is related most closely to HPV23 (L1 ORF, 83.7 % similarity), clustering it in the genus Betapapillomavirus (β-PV).

Prospective, randomized trial on intensive SMBG management added value in non-insulin-treated T2DM patients (PRISMA): a study to determine the effect of a structured SMBG intervention.

Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is a core component of diabetes management. However, the International Diabetes Federation recommends that SMBG be performed in a structured manner and that the data are accurately interpreted and used to take appropriate therapeutic actions. We designed a study to evaluate the impact of structured SMBG on glycemic control in non-insulin-treated type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients.

The oral cavity contains abundant known and novel human papillomaviruses from the Betapapillomavirus and Gammapapillomavirus genera.

Background: Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) primarily sort into 3 genera: Alphapapillomavirus (α-HPV), predominantly isolated from mucosa, and Betapapillomavirus (β-HPV) and Gammapapillomavirus (γ-HPV), predominantly isolated from skin. HPV types might infect body sites that are different from those from which they were originally isolated.

Methods: We investigated the spectrum of HPV type distribution in oral rinse samples from 2 populations: 52 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive men and women and 317 men who provided a sample for genomic DNA for a prostate cancer study.

HPV types and variants among cervical cancer tumors in three regions of Tunisia.

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among Tunisian women, and the incidence rates vary by region. Three Tunisian registries report age-standardized rates of 6.3/10(5) in the central region, 5.

Molecular evidence of organ-related transmission of Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus or human herpesvirus-8 in transplant patients.

In transplant patients, Kaposi sarcoma (KS)-associated herpesvirus or human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) infection is associated with the development of KS, primary effusion lymphoma and Castleman disease. Whether HHV-8 is either reactivated in the recipient or transmitted by the donor has been investigated so far only by serologic studies. Thus, we addressed the issue of HHV-8 transmission in the transplantation setting by molecular methods.

Endotoxins modulate chronically tumour necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6 release by uraemic monocytes.

We examined in vivo the release of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) by uraemic monocytes upon stimulation with endotoxin-contaminated bicarbonate concentrate. Twelve uraemic patients underwent 1-month-subsequent periods of standard haemodialysis (SHD) with cuprophane (CU), a high-complement-activating membrane (6 patients), or haemodiafiltration (HDF) with polyacrylonitrile (PAN), a low-complement-activating membrane (6 patients), by using a dialysate prepared with either non-sterile bicarbonate concentrate tanks (phase 1) or sterile bicarbonate concentrate bags (phase 2). TNF alpha and IL-6 concentrations were determined in monocyte supernatants by ELISA; endotoxin levels in bicarbonate concentrates were measured by a chromogenic limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) assay.