Coating of maize seeds with acephate for precision agriculture: Safety assessment in earthworms, bees, and soil microorganisms.

Acephate is commonly used as a seed treatment (ST) in precision agriculture, but its impact on pollinators, earthworms, and soil microorganisms remains unclear. This study aimed to compare the fate of acephate seed dressing (SD) and seed coating (SC) treatments and assess potential risks to bees, earthworms, and soil microorganisms. Additionally, a follow-up study on maize seeds treated with acephate in a greenhouse was conducted to evaluate the maize growth process and the dissipation dynamics of the insecticide.

Effect of Oil on the Toxicity of β-Cypermethrin Emulsifiable Concentrate Formulation.

Enhancing the performance of traditional pesticide formulations by improving their leaf surface wetting capabilities is a crucial approach for maximizing the pesticide efficiency. This study develops an emulsifiable concentrate (EC) of 4.5% β-cypermethrin containing oil (BJO).

Prediction of In-Flight Particle Properties and Mechanical Performances of HVOF-Sprayed NiCr-CrC Coatings Based on a Hierarchical Neural Network.

High-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spraying is a promising technique for depositing protective coatings. The performances of HVOF-sprayed coatings are affected by in-flight particle properties, such as temperature and velocity, that are controlled by the spraying parameters. However, obtaining the desired coatings through experimental methods alone is challenging, owing to the complex physical and chemical processes involved in the HVOF approach.