Efficacy determination of a disinfectant against channel catfish virus by in vitro and in vivo methods.

Channel catfish virus (CCV) poses a significant threat to catfish culture. Lack of effective vaccines and antiviral treatments necessitates effective disinfection strategies to mitigate its spread. In vitro trials indicated the virus to be inactivated at high temperatures, but was infectious at 40°C.

Measuring the permittivity of fused silica with planar on-wafer structures up to 325 GHz.

Fused silica has become an interesting alternative to silicon for millimeter-wave (mmWave) applications. Unfortunately, there are a few reports on the measurement of fused silica's permittivity above 110 GHz that use electrical rather than optical methods. Given that mmWave applications use electrical circuits, additional electrical data would be useful to industry.

The computerized LASSI-BC Test versus the Standard LASSI-L Paper-and-Pencil Version in Community-Based-Samples.

Proactive Semantic Interference (PSI) and failure to recover from PSI (frPSI), are novel constructs assessed by the LASSI-L. These measures are sensitive to cognitive changes in early Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and preclinical AD determined by A load using PET. The goal of this study was to compare a new computerized version of the LASSI-L (LASSI-Brief Computerized) to the standard paper-and-pencil version of the test.

Tracheostomy-related durable medical equipment: Insurance coverage, gaps, and barriers.

Purpose: Tracheostomy care is supply- and resource-intensive, and airway-related adverse events in community settings have high rates of readmission and mortality. Devices are often implicated in harm, but little is known about insurance coverage, gaps, and barriers to obtaining tracheostomy-related medically necessary durable medical equipment. We aimed to identify barriers patients may encounter in procuring tracheostomy-related durable medical equipment through insurance plan coverage.

Reference genomes of channel catfish and blue catfish reveal multiple pericentric chromosome inversions.

Background: Channel catfish and blue catfish are the most important aquacultured species in the USA. The species do not readily intermate naturally but F hybrids can be produced through artificial spawning. F hybrids produced by mating channel catfish female with blue catfish male exhibit heterosis and provide an ideal system to study reproductive isolation and hybrid vigor.

Amplifying patient voices amid pandemic: Perspectives on tracheostomy care, communication, and connection.

Objective: To investigate perspectives of patients, family members, caregivers (PFC), and healthcare professionals (HCP) on tracheostomy care during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: The cross-sectional survey investigating barriers and facilitators to tracheostomy care was collaboratively developed by patients, family members, nurses, speech-language pathologists, respiratory care practitioners, physicians, and surgeons. The survey was distributed to the Global Tracheostomy Collaborative's learning community, and responses were analyzed.

The COVID-19 Army: Experiences From the Deployment of Non-Hospitalist Physician Volunteers During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: New York City was the epicenter of the outbreak of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in the United States. As a large, quaternary care medical center, NYU Langone Medical Center was one of many New York medical centers that experienced an unprecedented influx of patients during this time. Clinical leadership effectively identified, oriented, and rapidly deployed a "COVID Army," consisting of non-hospitalist physicians, to meet the needs of the patient influx.

A Case-Based Approach to Constipation in Primary Care.

Primary care physicians frequently evaluate patients with constipation. The history is crucial in uncovering warning symptoms and signs that warrant colonoscopy. Particular elements in the history and rectal examination also can provide clues regarding the underlying etiology.

A validated, real-time prediction model for favorable outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged front-line clinical decision-making, leading to numerous published prognostic tools. However, few models have been prospectively validated and none report implementation in practice. Here, we use 3345 retrospective and 474 prospective hospitalizations to develop and validate a parsimonious model to identify patients with favorable outcomes within 96 h of a prediction, based on real-time lab values, vital signs, and oxygen support variables.

Swimming With Sharks: Teaching Residents Value-Based Medicine and Quality Improvement Through Resident-Pitched Projects.

Background: To create meaningful quality improvement (QI) curricula for graduate medical education (GME) trainees, institutions strive to improve coordination of QI curricula with hospital improvement infrastructure.

Objective: We created a curriculum to teach residents about QI and value-based medicine (VBM) and assessed curricular effectiveness.

Methods: We designed a 2-week required curriculum for internal medicine residents at a large academic program.

From the American Epicenter: Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the New York City Metropolitan Area.

Background: We aimed to characterize patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: We performed a case series of patients with IBD and confirmed or highly suspected COVID-19 to assess rates of severe outcomes.

Results: We identified 83 patients with IBD with confirmed (54%) or highly suspected (46%) COVID-19.

Ustekinumab Does Not Increase Risk of Adverse Events: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Goals And Background: Ustekinumab (UST) is a monoclonal antibody inhibitor of IL-12/IL-23 approved for the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). We conducted a meta-analysis to compare rates of adverse events (AEs) in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of UST for all indications.

Study: A systematic search was performed of MEDLINE, Embase, and PubMed databases through November 2019.

SARS-CoV-2 and Stroke in a New York Healthcare System.

Background And Purpose: With the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the current worldwide pandemic, there is mounting evidence that patients affected by the illness may develop clinically significant coagulopathy with thromboembolic complications including ischemic stroke. However, there is limited data on the clinical characteristics, stroke mechanism, and outcomes of patients who have a stroke and COVID-19.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients with ischemic stroke who were hospitalized between March 15, 2020, and April 19, 2020, within a major health system in New York, the current global epicenter of the pandemic.

A clinical and radiographic model to predict surgery for acute small bowel obstruction in Crohn's disease.

Purpose: For more than half of Crohn's disease patients, strictures will cause bowel obstructions that require surgery within 10 years of their initial diagnosis. This study utilizes computed tomography imaging and clinical data obtained at the initial emergency room visit to create a prediction model for progression to surgery in Crohn's disease patients with acute small bowel obstructions.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed for patients who presented to the emergency room with an ICD-10 diagnosis for Crohn's disease and visit diagnosis of small bowel obstruction.

On-Site Capabilities of a Mobile Laboratory for Aquatic Germplasm Cryopreservation.

Cryopreservation of genetic material can become an important tool for user groups in imperiled fishes, wild fisheries, aquaculture, and biomedical research. Persistent challenges within aquatic species cryopreservation are standardization and reliable collection of diverse, high quality samples. The overall goal of this study was to work with different user groups and cryopreserve sperm on-site at their facilities to evaluate the uses and challenges of a mobile laboratory with high-throughput and quality control capabilities comparable to those of a specialized centralized facility.

Development of genomic predictions for harvest and carcass weight in channel catfish.

Background: Catfish farming is the largest segment of US aquaculture and research is ongoing to improve production efficiency, including genetic selection programs to improve economically important traits. The objectives of this study were to investigate the use of genomic selection to improve breeding value accuracy and to identify major single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with harvest weight and residual carcass weight in a channel catfish population. Phenotypes were available for harvest weight (n = 27,160) and residual carcass weight (n = 6020), and 36,365 pedigree records were available.

Testing and Treating Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Reduces Symptoms in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Common mechanisms against small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), including an intact ileocecal valve, gastric acid secretion, intestinal motility, and an intact immune system, are compromised in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and therefore, a relatively high incidence of SIBO has been reported in this population.

Aims: We aimed to determine whether an improvement in IBD clinical activity scores is seen after testing and treating SIBO.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 147 patients with inflammatory bowel disease who were referred for SIBO breath testing from 1/2012 to 5/2016 was performed.

Increasing Disparities in Mortality by Socioeconomic Status.

This review focuses on the widening disparities in death rates by socioeconomic class. In recent years, there has been a major increase in the availability of data linking mortality risk and measures of socioeconomic status. The result has been a virtual explosion of new empirical research showing not only the existence of large inequities in the risk of death between those at the top and those at the bottom of the socioeconomic distribution, but also that the gaps have been growing.

Secure communications using nonlinear silicon photonic keys.

We present a secure communication system constructed using pairs of nonlinear photonic physical unclonable functions (PUFs) that harness physical chaos in integrated silicon micro-cavities. Compared to a large, electronically stored one-time pad, our method provisions large amounts of information within the intrinsically complex nanostructure of the micro-cavities. By probing a micro-cavity with a rapid sequence of spectrally-encoded ultrafast optical pulses and measuring the lightwave responses, we experimentally demonstrate the ability to extract 2.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Probiotic Use to Prevent Infection in Hospitalized Adults Receiving Antibiotics.

Background: Systematic reviews with meta-analyses and meta-regression suggest that timely probiotic use can prevent infection (CDI) in hospitalized adults receiving antibiotics, but the cost effectiveness is unknown. We sought to evaluate the cost effectiveness of probiotic use for prevention of CDI versus no probiotic use in the United States.

Methods: We programmed a decision analytic model using published literature and national databases with a 1-year time horizon.

Premedication Use in Preventing Acute Infliximab Infusion Reactions in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Single Center Cohort Study.

Background: Infliximab (IFX) is commonly used in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. One common side effect of IFX is an acute infusion reaction. Despite the lack of evidence supporting their use, clinicians use various premedications to prevent acute reactions.