The functional and dynamometer-tested results of transtendinous flexor hallucis longus transfer for neglected ruptures of the Achilles tendon at six years' follow-up.

Aims: Flexor hallucis longus (FHL) tendon transfer is a well-recognized technique in the treatment of the neglected tendo Achillis (TA) rupture.

Patients And Methods: We report a retrospective review of 20/32 patients who had undergone transtendinous FHL transfer between 2003 and 2011 for chronic TA rupture. Their mean age at the time of surgery was 53 years (22 to 83).

Stenotic intercondylar notch type is correlated with anterior cruciate ligament injury in female patients using magnetic resonance imaging.

Purpose And Hypothesis: The principal purpose of this paper was to identify whether femoral notch morphology was different in females without anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury from those with ACL injury. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to assess the femoral notch type, notch width index and 'α angle' in female patients and measure these differences.

Methods: This is a retrospective case control study of 119 female patients, 58 with ACL injury and 61 patients without ACL injury who underwent knee MRI between March 2014 and April 2016.

Correction of moderate to severe hallux valgus with combined proximal opening wedge and distal chevron osteotomies: a reliable technique.

Aims: The mainstay of surgical correction of hallux valgus is first metatarsal osteotomy, either proximally or distally. We present a technique of combining a distal chevron osteotomy with a proximal opening wedge osteotomy, for the correction of moderate to severe hallux valgus.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed 45 patients (49 feet) who had undergone double osteotomy.

Progesterone supplementation to lactating dairy cows without a corpus luteum at initiation of the Ovsynch protocol.

The objectives were to determine the effect of progesterone supplementation on fertility responses in lactating dairy cows without corpora lutea (CL) at initiation of the timed artificial insemination (AI) program. Holstein cows from 5 commercial dairy farms were subjected to the Ovsynch-56 protocol (d -10 GnRH, d -3 PGF2α, d -0.7 GnRH, d 0 AI).

Foreign body granulomatous reaction associated with polyethelene 'Fiberwire(®)' suture material used in Achilles tendon repair.

Repair of acute Achilles tendon rupture is a common procedure. There are many accepted surgical techniques; suture selection is largely due to surgeon preference. We present a case report of a granulomatous reaction to suture material following Achilles tendon repair.

Pneumatic tourniquet use in foot and ankle surgery--is padding necessary?

Background: The majority of foot and ankle surgery is carried out in a bloodless field achieved by the use of a pneumatic tourniquet. The risks of tourniquet use may be divided into those resulting from direct mechanical pressure from the cuff and those secondary to prolonged limb ischaemia. Current peri-operative guidelines advise the use of padding beneath the cuff, in particular to reduce skin complication.

Treatment of ankle instability with an associated cavus deformity.

This article reviews the role of cavus in foot and ankle injury and summarizes the current surgical and nonsurgical treatments. Recognition of foot position is crucial in the management of ankle instability associated with cavovarus. Correcting foot alignment with orthoses or surgery improves the mechanics of the ankle, reducing the risk of instability and potentially delaying the onset of posttraumatic ankle arthritis.

Anatomic direct repair of chronic distal biceps brachii tendon rupture without interposition graft.

Background: Rupture of the biceps brachii insertion is relatively uncommon and may present late. Chronic ruptures pose a management dilemma, with higher reported complication rates when surgery is delayed, whilst conservatively treated injuries may do badly in active patients.

Materials And Methods: Six consecutive male patients with delayed presentation of biceps rupture were treated operatively using a limited standard anterior approach, a secondary proximal "retrieval" incision, and EndoButton fixation.

Comparison of color representations for content-based image retrieval in dermatology.

Background/purpose: We compare the effectiveness of 10 different color representations in a content-based image retrieval task for dermatology.

Methods: As features, we use the average colors of healthy and lesion skin in an image. The extracted features are used to retrieve similar images from a database using a k-nearest-neighbor search and Euclidean distance.

A study on the clinical equivalence and patient preference of fluticasone propionate 250 microg twice daily via the Diskus/Accuhaler inhaler or the Diskhaler inhaler in adult asthmatic patients.

The Diskus/Accuhaler inhaler (D/A) is a new multidose powder inhaler, designed to deliver all asthma drugs. This study was carried out to establish clinical equivalence between FP 250 microg twice daily (b.i.

Comparison of inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate 1000 micrograms twice daily and oral prednisone 10 mg once daily in asthmatic patients.

Background: Glucocorticosteroids are widely used as drugs of first choice in the treatment of moderate to severe asthma. The effects of inhaled steroids in high doses have been compared with oral prednisone in asthmatic patients in a double blind crossover study.

Methods: The trial consisted of a two week run in period followed by two four week treatment periods separated by a four week washout.

The effect of intravenous administration of melatonin on cardiovascular parameters of the baboon (Papio ursinus).

Melatonin (0.3 to 0.4 mg/kg) dissolved in 0.

Altered vitamin B6 homeostasis during aminophylline infusion in the beagle dog.

The effect of intravenous infusion of aminophylline, a strong inhibitor of pyridoxal kinase, on intra- and extracellular vitamin B6 homeostasis was investigated in four beagle dogs. Plasma and erythrocyte pyridoxal levels increased by 118% and 117% respectively after 3 hours of aminophylline infusion, (4 mg/kg body weight/hour), however, infusion of beta-hydroxyethyltheophylline, which does not inhibit pyridoxal kinase, had no effect on either intra- or extracellular vitamin B6 aldehyde derivative levels. It is suggested that theophylline induced pyridoxal kinase inhibition resulted in a disturbed equilibrium between pyridoxal and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate.

Comparison of blood flow parameters measured by Doppler ultrasound and radionuclide techniques in the baboon (Papio ursinus).

Ascending aortic blood velocity was measured in the baboon (Papio ursinus) by using continuous wave Doppler ultrasound. The blood flow parameters thus obtained were compared to those by the standardized radionuclide technique. It appears that, due to the anatomical position of the ascending aorta and brachiocephalic trunks in relation to the ultrasound beam, Doppler ultrasound does not provide an accurate method of measuring aortic blood velocity in the baboon, which could be the reason for the poor correlation of the results from the two techniques.

Evaluation of the clinical validity of the "integral spleen" method of renography analysis from parameter changes induced by pharmacological and surgical intervention.

A set of controlled experimental animal procedures involving pharmacological and surgical interventions was carried out to assess the clinical validity of the parameters calculated by the "integral spleen" method of renography analysis. There appeared to be a good correlation between the observed changes of these parameters and current pathophysiological information. In particular, the described method includes an original calculation of the filtration fraction without blood and urine sampling or a second tracer injection.

A progressive radiorenographic (99mTc-DTPA) presentation of surgically induced renal vein hypertension in baboons.

A 99mTc-DTPA radiorenographic study, supported by excretory urography, blood chemistry and eventually histology was performed on 8 chacma baboons (Papio ursinus) after surgical induction of unilateral renal vein hypertension. Frequent sequential repeat renograms during 6 post-operative months detected fluctuating renal behaviour but did not reveal typical course of the disease. Neither did any one of the radiorenographic parameters (TP, T1/2, FF, relative clearances and perfusion) prove to be more sensitive than the others in detecting abnormalities.

The 'lung in shock' as a result of hypovolemic-traumatic shock in baboons.

The "lung in shock" syndrome is a constellation of early morphologic changes in the lung within 1 hour after polytrauma as indicated by human lung biopsies. A hypovolemic-traumatic (soft-tissue trauma together with bone fractures) baboon model with reinfusion was established to study these morphologic and associated pathophysiologic events. This model was developed in order to test the efficacy of therapeutic modalities in future studies.

Four methods compared for measuring des-carboxy-prothrombin (PIVKA-II).

PIVKA-II (Protein Induced by Vitamin K Absence) is abnormal des-carboxylated prothrombin, which is present in vitamin K deficiency or in patients using warfarin. With a sensitive method for PIVKA-II, biochemical vitamin K deficiency can be established before clinical symptoms occur. We give an overview of methods used to detect PIVKA-II, and four selected methods are inter-compared: (a) measuring total factor II including PIVKA-II by using Echis carinatus snake venom as an activator of prothrombin; (b) measuring PIVKA-II by using snake venom as an activator of factor II after adsorption of functional factor II onto barium sulfate; (c) electrophoresis-immunofixation method; and (d) enzyme immunoassay.

The sensitivity of radionuclide and thermodilution techniques to detect cardiac dysfunction in the baboon model during prolonged anaesthesia.

This study was undertaken to evaluate the fluctuations of cardiac parameters in a baboon model during pentobarbitone anaesthesia which will serve as a baseline control for shock studies. Thermodilution and radionuclide methods were used to determine cardiac parameters. Radionuclide studies were repeated without any cardiac catheters to assess the effect of these on cardiac performance.

Comparative radionuclide and thermodilution determinations of cardiac output and stroke volume in the baboon (Papio ursinus).

Thermodilution cardiac output determinations and multigated equilibrium blood-pool scintigraphy were performed in ten healthy chacma baboons (Papio ursinus). The correlation was moderately good between both the radionuclide and thermodilution stroke volume (r = 0.58, SEE = 3 ml; SVth = 0.

Isolated granulomatous giant cell vasculitis of the pulmonary elastic arteries.

A 66-year-old man who developed an occluded left main pulmonary artery, clinically demonstrated by perfusion scan and pulmonary angiography, is described. Explorative thoracotomy revealed a granulomatous giant cell arteritis after pathologic examination of the surgically removed left lung. Detailed clinical and laboratory evaluation excluded a systemic disease.