Quantifying the spatial distribution of the accumulated dose uncertainty using the novel delta index.

Inter- and intra-fractional anatomical changes during a radiotherapy treatment can cause differences between the initially planned dose and the delivered dose. The total delivered dose can be accumulated over all fractions by using deformable image registration (DIR). However, there is uncertainty in this process which should be accounted for.

A Place of Last Drink Initiative: Effects on Various Types of Crime.

Background: Place of last drink (POLD) is a law enforcement strategy designed to decrease the service of alcohol to intoxicated patrons (i.e., overservice).

Tools and recommendations for commissioning and quality assurance of deformable image registration in radiotherapy.

Multiple tools are available for commissioning and quality assurance of deformable image registration (DIR), each with their own advantages and disadvantages in the context of radiotherapy. The selection of appropriate tools should depend on the DIR application with its corresponding available input, desired output, and time requirement. Discussions were hosted by the ESTRO Physics Workshop 2021 on Commissioning and Quality Assurance for DIR in Radiotherapy.

Short-time exposure to light at night affects incubation patterns and correlates with subsequent body weight in great tits (Parus major).

Artificial light at night (ALAN) widely affects wildlife by blurring light-dark differences, including transitions such as sunrise and sunset, thereby affecting regulation of diel rhythms. As a result, activity onsets in many wild diurnal songbirds advance under ALAN. From chronobiological studies, it is known that the direction and strength of the response to light depends on when during the night exposure takes place.

Does a Place of Last Drink (POLD) Initiative Affect Alcohol Serving Staff Attitudes and Perceptions Related to Overservice of Alcohol?

: One enforcement strategy used to address illegal sales of alcohol to intoxicated patrons (i.e., overservice) is Place of Last Drink (POLD).

Rapid Response to Remdesivir in Hospitalised COVID-19 Patients: A Propensity Score Weighted Multicentre Cohort Study.

Introduction: Remdesivir is a registered treatment for hospitalised patients with COVID-19 that has moderate clinical effectiveness. Anecdotally, some patients' respiratory insufficiency seemed to recover particularly rapidly after initiation of remdesivir. In this study, we investigated if this rapid improvement was caused by remdesivir, and which patient characteristics might predict a rapid clinical improvement in response to remdesivir.

Integration of operator-validated contours in deformable image registration for dose accumulation in radiotherapy.

Background And Purpose: Deformable image registration (DIR) is a core element of adaptive radiotherapy workflows, integrating daily contour propagation and/or dose accumulation in their design. Propagated contours are usually manually validated and may be edited, thereby locally invalidating the registration result. This means the registration cannot be used for dose accumulation.

Adverse drug events caused by three high-risk drug-drug interactions in patients admitted to intensive care units: A multicentre retrospective observational study.

Aims: Knowledge about adverse drug events caused by drug-drug interactions (DDI-ADEs) is limited. We aimed to provide detailed insights about DDI-ADEs related to three frequent, high-risk potential DDIs (pDDIs) in the critical care setting: pDDIs with international normalized ratio increase (INR ) potential, pDDIs with acute kidney injury (AKI) potential, and pDDIs with QTc prolongation potential.

Methods: We extracted routinely collected retrospective data from electronic health records of intensive care units (ICUs) patients (≥18 years), admitted to ten hospitals in the Netherlands between January 2010 and September 2019.

Technical note: Intensity-based quality assurance criteria for deformable image registration in image-guided radiotherapy.

Background: Deformable image registration is increasingly used in radiotherapy to adapt the treatment plan and accumulate the delivered dose. Consequently, clinical workflows using deformable image registration require quick and reliable quality assurance to accept registrations. Additionally, for online adaptive radiotherapy, quality assurance without the need for an operator to delineate contours while the patient is on the treatment table is needed.

Testing of parenteral drug products for visible particles: comparison of the Ph. Eur. method with an alternative method using polarised light.

Objectives: Parenteral drug products should be essentially free from visible particulate contamination. To ensure this, every batch produced must be subject to a 100% visual inspection. Monograph 2.

Place of last drink enforcement: Effects on alcohol-related traffic crashes.

Background: Binge drinking can result in various types of harms including traffic crashes. Bars and restaurants that serve alcohol to patrons who are obviously intoxicated (i.e.

Population Pharmacokinetics of Remdesivir and GS-441524 in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients.

The objective of this study was to describe the population pharmacokinetics of remdesivir and GS-441524 in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. A prospective observational pharmacokinetic study was performed in non-critically ill hospitalized COVID-19 patients with hypoxemia. For evaluation of the plasma concentrations of remdesivir and its metabolite GS-441524, samples were collected on the first day of therapy.

Restricting Sales of Menthol Tobacco Products: Lessons Learned from Policy Passage and Implementation in Minneapolis, St. Paul, and Duluth, Minnesota.

Commercial tobacco products have historically been target marketed to African American, Latinx, Asian American Pacific Islander, Indigenous, and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer (LGBTQ) communities, as well as to youth. Menthol cigarettes increase smoking initiation and decrease smoking cessation, particularly among African Americans who smoke menthol cigarettes at higher rates than their white peers. Due to disproportionate tobacco-related health consequences for members of these communities, effective tobacco control policies that restrict availability of menthol products by focusing on retail sales are an important element of addressing health disparities, and require policy efforts informed by leadership and the voice of communities most impacted.

Exploiting motherhood: Do mummy drinking sites offer real support or are they mainly alcohol marketing?

Even as women's roles have expanded substantially beyond traditional sex stereotypes, women are still commonly portrayed as uncomplaining caregivers, long-suffering intimate partners and in control of family matters, all while maintaining a sexualised femininity. Nowhere are these stereotypes and expectations more apparent than for mothers. However, some social media are exploiting mothers by inappropriately offering alcohol consumption as a solution to the challenges of parenting.

Quantitative investigation of dose accumulation errors from intra-fraction motion in MRgRT for prostate cancer.

Accurate spatial dose delivery in radiotherapy is frequently complicated due to changes in the patient's internal anatomy during and in-between therapy segments. The recent introduction of hybrid MRI radiotherapy systems allows unequaled soft-tissue visualization during radiation delivery and can be used for dose reconstruction to quantify the impact of motion. To this end, knowledge of anatomical deformations obtained from continuous monitoring during treatment has to be combined with information on the spatio-temporal dose delivery to perform motion-compensated dose accumulation (MCDA).

Drug-induced Liver Injury in a Patient With Coronavirus Disease 2019: Potential Interaction of Remdesivir With P-Glycoprotein Inhibitors.

We report a case of a man with COVID-19 who developed acute hepatotoxicity related to remdesivir with probable interaction of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitors. Until further details on this interaction become available, we recommend physicians to be cautious with the prescription of P-gp inhibitors in patients receiving remdesivir therapy.

Resolving Spacetime Singularities within Asymptotic Safety.

A key incentive of quantum gravity is the removal of spacetime singularities plaguing the classical theory. We compute the nonperturbative momentum dependence of a specific structure function within the gravitational asymptotic safety program which encodes the quantum corrections to the graviton propagator for momenta above the Planck scale. The resulting quantum-corrected Newtonian potential approaches a constant negative value as the distance between the two point masses goes to zero, thereby removing the classical singularity.

Development of a multivariable prediction model for identification of patients at risk for medication transfer errors at ICU discharge.

Introduction: Discharge from the intensive care unit (ICU) is a high-risk process, leading to numerous potentially harmful medication transfer errors (PH-MTE). PH-MTE could be prevented by medication reconciliation by ICU pharmacists, but resources are scarce, which renders the need for predicting which patients are at risk for PH-MTE. The aim of this study was to develop a prognostic multivariable model in patients discharged from the ICU to predict who is at increased risk for PH-MTE after ICU discharge, using predictors of PH-MTE that are readily available at the time of ICU discharge.

The effect of a medication reconciliation program in two intensive care units in the Netherlands: a prospective intervention study with a before and after design.

Background: Medication errors occur frequently in the intensive care unit (ICU) and during care transitions. Chronic medication is often temporarily stopped at the ICU. Unfortunately, when the patient improves, the restart of this medication is easily forgotten.

Toward the use of proxy reports for estimating long-term patient-reported outcomes in multiple sclerosis.

Background: Assessment of disease impact in multiple sclerosis (MS) is usually driven by information obtained directly from patients using patient-reported outcomes. However, when patients' response in longitudinal studies is less reliable or missing, proxy respondents may be used.

Objective: The objective of this paper is to evaluate whether long-term patient scores can be reliably estimated using scores obtained from proxies.

Detecting clinically-relevant changes in progressive multiple sclerosis.

Objective: To investigate which changes in different clinical outcome measures contribute most to increased disease impact, as reported by the patient, in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: From a cohort of prospectively-followed MS patients, we selected progressive patients with two visits, 4-6 years apart. We assessed long-term changes on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), Timed 25-Foot Walk (T25FW), 9-Hole Peg Test (9HPT) and Guy's Neurological Disability Scale (GNDS).

The Wiidookowishin program: results from a qualitative process evaluation of a culturally tailored commercial tobacco cessation program.

Commercial tobacco use rates remain disproportionately high among American Indians (AIs). Tailored cessation programs such as the Wiidookowishin (Help Me) program implemented at the Fond du Lac Reservation in Minnesota have demonstrated that such programs can be successful and achieve quit rates similar to mainstream programs. This paper presents findings from a qualitative process evaluation of the Wiidookowishin program and discusses elements that underlie its success at recruiting and enrolling participants, including individualization, flexibility, accessibility, ongoing outreach, and inclusion of traditional tobacco teachings.

Do patient and proxy agree? Long-term changes in multiple sclerosis physical impact and walking ability on patient-reported outcome scales.

Background: Patient-reported outcome scales (PROs) are useful in monitoring changes in multiple sclerosis (MS) over time. Although these scales are reliable and valid measures in longitudinal studies in MS patients, it is unknown what the impact is when obtaining longitudinal data from proxies.

Objective: The objective of this paper is to compare longitudinal changes in patient and proxy responses on PROs assessing physical impact of MS and walking ability.

Analyzing differences between patient and proxy on Patient Reported Outcomes in multiple sclerosis.

Background: Proxy respondents, partners of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, can provide valuable information on the MS patients' disease. In an earlier publication we found relatively good agreement on patient reported outcomes (PROs) measuring physical impact and functioning, but we found large differences on (neuro)psychological scales.

Objective: We aim to identify patient and proxy related variables explaining differences between patients' and proxies' ratings on five PROs.