Synthesis of Phase-Pure Thermochromic VO (M1).

A highly reproducible, simple, and inexpensive synthesis method for obtaining phase-pure thermochromic monoclinic VO (M1) is presented. Vanadium(III) oxide and ammonium metavanadate were used as starting materials and no additional reducing agents are required. Heating a mixture of these two components under an argon atmosphere at 750 °C for 2-4 h provides the direct formation of VO (M1) without detectable impurity phases.

Exploring the structures, stability, and light absorption properties of three thiostannates synthesised at similar conditions.

We present the synthesis, crystal structures and optical properties of three thiostannates prepared by using 1-(2-aminoethyl)piperazine (AEPz) as structure directing agent. Two of the thiostannates are layered materials (AEPz-SnS-1 and AEPz:EtOH-SnS-1) consisting of [SnS] sheets with organic cations located in-between. The third compound is a molecular thiostannate (SnS(AEPzH)) composed of dimeric SnS and AEPzH.

3ω correction method for eliminating resistance measurement error due to Joule heating.

Electrical four-terminal sensing at (sub-)micrometer scales enables the characterization of key electromagnetic properties within the semiconductor industry, including materials' resistivity, Hall mobility/carrier density, and magnetoresistance. However, as devices' critical dimensions continue to shrink, significant over/underestimation of properties due to a by-product Joule heating of the probed volume becomes increasingly common. Here, we demonstrate how self-heating effects can be quantified and compensated for via 3ω signals to yield zero-current transfer resistance.

Cubes on a string: a series of linear coordination polymers with cubane-like nodes and dicarboxylate linkers.

A series of semicrystalline and amorphous one-dimensional (1D) polymeric chains consisting of cubane-like CoII4L4 units (L = S-1,2-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)ethanol) and dicarboxylates were synthesized and characterized by single crystal diffraction and X-ray total scattering. The polycationic chains are composed of [Co4L4(dicarboxylate)]2+ monomeric units, while one molecular dicarboxylate counterion is balancing the charge of each monomer. The linear compound series has five members, and the crystal structures were solved for [Co4L4(tph)](tph) and [Co4L4(ndc)](ndc), where tph = terephthalate and ndc = 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate.

Time-resolved grazing-incidence pair distribution functions during deposition by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering.

Characterization of local order in thin films is challenging with pair distribution function (PDF) analysis because of the minute mass of the scattering material. Here, it is demonstrated that reliable high-energy grazing-incidence total X-ray scattering data can be obtained during thin-film deposition by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. A benchmark system of Pt was investigated in a novel sputtering chamber mounted on beamline P07-EH2 at the PETRA III synchrotron.

Formation of the layered conductive magnet CrCl(pyrazine) through redox-active coordination chemistry.

The unique properties of graphene, transition-metal dichalcogenides and other two-dimensional (2D) materials have boosted interest in layered coordination solids. In particular, 2D materials that behave as both conductors and magnets could find applications in quantum magnetoelectronics and spintronics. Here, we report the synthesis of CrCl(pyrazine), an air-stable layered solid, by reaction of CrCl with pyrazine (pyz).

Crystal structure across the β to α phase transition in thermoelectric Cu Se.

The crystal structure uniquely imparts the specific properties of a material, and thus provides the starting point for any quantitative understanding of thermoelectric properties. Cu Se is an intensely studied high performing, non-toxic and cheap thermoelectric material, and here for the first time, the average structure of β-Cu Se is reported based on analysis of multi-temperature single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. It consists of Se-Cu layers with additional copper between every alternate layer.

Highly enhanced thermal stability of Zn4Sb3 nanocomposites.

The effects of nano-sized TiO2 and ZnO ceramic inclusions on the high temperature stability of Zn4Sb3 have been studied using multi-temperature synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. Samples with 9 nm TiO2 nanoinclusions exhibit remarkable stability after three heating cycles to 625 K.

Measurement of the electrical resistivity and Hall coefficient at high temperatures.

The implementation of the van der Pauw (VDP) technique for combined high temperature measurement of the electrical resistivity and Hall coefficient is described. The VDP method is convenient for use since it accepts sample geometries compatible with other measurements. The technique is simple to use and can be used with samples showing a broad range of shapes and physical properties, from near insulators to metals.

Effect of management on prevention of Salmonella Dublin exposure of calves during a one-year control programme in 84 Danish dairy herds.

Studies reporting on how to control Salmonella in cattle herds have mainly been theoretical simulation models or case reports describing control of clinical salmonellosis outbreaks. The objective of this observational study was to investigate which management routines were associated with successful control of Salmonella Dublin in calves in dairy herds with previous signs of endemic infection. A total of 86 bulk-tank milk Salmonella Dublin antibody-positive bovine dairy herds were enrolled in the study in September 2008 and were all encouraged to control spread of the infection.

[Emphysematous pyelonephritis].

Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a rare, life-threatening infection of the kidney, characterized by production of gas within the renal parenchyma or perinephric tissue. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella are the most commonly isolated organisms. Most patients are diabetics.

Validity of a self-administered questionnaire, with reference to a clinical stress urinary incontinence test.

Objective: To estimate the criterion validity of a self-administered questionnaire on urinary incontinence (UI) using a clinical stress UI test as reference.

Material And Methods: A total of 4710 women aged 20-59 years randomly selected from the municipalities of Aarhus and Randers (Denmark) participated in a population survey on UI. A sub-sample of 96 women stratified by the duration and frequency of UI answered an assisted, self-administered questionnaire concerning UI during the preceding 6 months.

Retroperitoneal dismembered pyeloplasty: initial experiences.

Aim: To review the results of our first 40 cases of retroperitoneal dismembered pyeloplasty and to compare them with series of open and other minimally invasive treatments of pelviureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction. Also to compare our first 20 cases with the second 20 cases to see if there was an improvement in results with experience.

Methods: A retrospective review of the first 40 laparoscopic pyeloplasties performed by a single lead surgeon at two institutions was performed.

Prostate tissue and leukocyte levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in men with benign prostate hyperplasia or prostate cancer.

Objective: To compare the levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in leukocytes and prostate tissue in men with prostate cancer or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), as dietary intake of n-3 PUFAs has been linked to the risk of prostate cancer; the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level was also compared to prostate tissue levels of n-3 PUFAs.

Patients And Methods: Prostate tissue was obtained and leukocytes isolated from 20 men with prostate cancer and 35 with BPH. The n-3 PUFAs alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were measured in prostate tissue and in peripheral blood leukocytes using gas chromatography.

Results in 32 women operated for genuine stress incontinence with the pubovaginal sling procedure ad modum Ed McGuire.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of the sling procedure in curing genuine stress incontinence in women.

Patients And Methods: Thirty-two women underwent the pubovaginal fascial sling procedure because of genuine stress incontinence. Currently, the patients are still monitored in order to check the efficiency of the treatment.

[Endoscopically removed benign fibroepithelial polyp].

We here describe a patient where a process in the ureter initially suspected to be potentially malignant turned out to be a fibroepithelial polyp, diagnosed and treated endoscopically. The kidney function and the excretory urogram three years after the treatment were normal.

True hermaphroditism.

True hermaphroditism was found in a phenotypically normal boy admitted to the urology department with the diagnosis of right undescended testis. The tissue expected to be cryptorchid proved to constitute an ovary, uterus and salpinx. Normal left testicular tissue was found at biopsy.

Enuresis nocturna can be provoked in normal healthy children by increasing the nocturnal urine output.

In a large proportion of enuretics, the enuresis episodes are accompanied by high urine output at night. At this study we provoked a high urine output in normal non-enuretic children in order to investigate whether volume provocation per se could cause enuresis. In six of ten children it was possible to provoke nine enuresis-like episodes.

[Complications in patients who underwent appendectomy for mistakenly diagnosed acute appendicitis].

A retrospective investigation was undertaken concerning 552 patients who were submitted to appendectomy on account of suspected acute appendicitis during the period January 1 1983-December 31 1987. The diagnostic certainty was found to be 69%. A total of 14.

Amelanotic malignant melanoma arising in an ovarian dermoid cyst.

Malignant transformation occurs in about 2% only of ovarian dermoid cysts. The clinical and histopathological findings in a rare case of primary ovarian malignant melanoma of amelanotic type are presented.

Acute periappendicitis after an elective section.

The diagnosis periappendicitis is well known. The causes to periappendicitis are manifold. In the literature, we have not yet found a case, where periappendicitis developed because amnion fluid passed to the peritoneum during an elective section.

Prepregnancy low body mass index is not a predictor of labor complications.

The course of delivery and fetal outcome in 149 women with forecoming normal pregnancy and a prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) less than 20.0 were compared to a similar group of women with BMI between 20.0 and 24.

[Malignant melanoma with ovarian metastases].

The incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma is increasing. The behaviour of the spread is unpredictable. The case report of a woman with cutaneous malignant melanoma which spread to the ovaries is presented.