Dual-compartment-gate organic transistors for monitoring biogenic amines from food.

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) more than 14% of the world's food production is lost every year before reaching retail, and another 17% is lost during the retail stage. The use of the expiration date as the main estimator of the life-end of food products creates unjustified food waste. Sensors capable of quantifying the effective food freshness and quality could substantially reduce food waste and enable more effective management of the food chain.

Tuning direct-written terahertz metadevices with organic mixed ion-electron conductors.

In the past decade, organic mixed ion-electron conductors have been successfully adopted in innovative bioelectronic, neuromorphic, and electro-optical technologies, as well as in multiple energy harvesting and printed electronics applications. However, despite the intense research efforts devoted to these materials, organic mixed conductors have not yet found application in electronic/photonic devices operating in key regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, such as the microwave (>5 GHz) and terahertz (0.1-10 THz) ranges.

Charge Carrier Density in Organic Semiconductors Modulates the Effective Capacitance: A Unified View of Electrolyte Gated Organic Transistors.

A framework for electrolyte-gated organic transistors (EGOTs) that unifies the view of interfacial capacitive coupling of electrolyte-gated organic field-effect transistors (EGOFETs) with the volumetric capacitive coupling in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) is proposed. The EGOT effective capacitance arises from in-series capacitances of the electrolyte/gate electrode and electrolyte/channel interfaces, and the chemical capacitance of the organic semiconductor channel whose weight with respect to the interfacial capacitance is modulated by the charge carrier density, hence by the gate voltage. The expression for chemical capacitance is derived from the DOS of the organic semiconductor, which it is assumed to exhibit exponential energy disorder in the HOMO-LUMO gap.

Neuroanatomical photogrammetric models using smartphones: a comparison of apps.

Objectives: A deep knowledge of the surgical anatomy of the target area is mandatory for a successful operative procedure. For this purpose, over the years, many teaching and learning methods have been described, from the most ancient cadaveric dissection to the most recent virtual reality, each with their respective pros and cons. Photogrammetry, an emergent technique, allows for the creation of three-dimensional (3D) models and reconstructions.

Three-Dimensional Exoscope-Assisted Occlusion of a Foraminal Intradural Left L5-S1 Arteriovenous Fistula-Operative Video.

Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs) are a rare type of spinal lesion that can cause severe clinical consequences. Early and accurate diagnosis and treatment are crucial to avoid severe complications such as radicular pain, weakness, sensory deficits, and loss of bowel and bladder control. Spinal dAVFs are commonly found in the lower thoracic or upper lumbar vertebrae.

Hemorrhage Volume Drives Early Brain Injury and Outcome in Poor-Grade Aneurysmal SAH.

Background And Purpose: Early brain injury is a major determinant of clinical outcome in poor-grade (World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies [WFNS] IV-V) aneurysmal SAH and is radiologically defined by global cerebral edema. Little is known, though, about the effect of global intracranial hemorrhage volume on early brain injury development and clinical outcome.

Materials And Methods: Data from the multicentric prospective Poor-Grade Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (POGASH) Registry of consecutive patients with poor-grade aneurysmal SAH admitted from January 1, 2015, to August 31, 2022, was retrospectively evaluated.

Factors affecting 30-day mortality in poor-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a 10-year single-center experience.

Background: The management of patients with poor-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is burdened by an unfavorable prognosis even with aggressive treatment. The aim of the present study is to investigate the risk factors affecting 30-day mortality in poor-grade aSAH patients.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database of poor-grade aSAH patients (World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies, WFNS, grades IV and V) treated at our institution from December 2010 to December 2020.

Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension and Subdural Hematomas Treatment Management Using MMA Embolization and Target Blood Patch: A Case Report.

We report a patient suffering from spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) who, following a non-selective lumbar blood patch, returned to his healthcare provider with severe symptoms of neurological deficits. It was subsequently discovered that the aforementioned deficits were due to a bilateral subdural hematoma, and an emergency surgical drainage of the hematoma has been performed. However, the hematoma reformed and potential cerebrospinal fluid leakage was consequently investigated through myelography.

Effects of removal of the axial methionine heme ligand on the binding of S. cerevisiae iso-1 cytochrome c to cardiolipin.

The cleavage of the axial S(Met) - Fe bond in cytochrome c (cytc) upon binding to cardiolipin (CL), a glycerophospholipid of the inner mitochondrial membrane, is one of the key molecular changes that impart cytc with (lipo)peroxidase activity essential to its pro-apoptotic function. In this work, UV - VIS, CD, MCD and fluorescence spectroscopies were used to address the role of the Fe - M80 bond in controlling the cytc-CL interaction, by studying the binding of the Met80Ala (M80A) variant of S. cerevisiae iso-1 cytc (ycc) to CL liposomes in comparison with the wt protein [Paradisi et al.

Organic Electrochemical Transistor Aptasensor for Interleukin-6 Detection.

We demonstrate an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) biosensor for the detection of interleukin 6 (IL6), an important biomarker associated with various pathological processes, including chronic inflammation, inflammaging, cancer, and severe COVID-19 infection. The biosensor is functionalized with oligonucleotide aptamers engineered to bind specifically IL6. We developed an easy functionalization strategy based on gold nanoparticles deposited onto a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) gate electrode for the subsequent electrodeposition of thiolated aptamers.

Robust Biosensor Based on Carbon Nanotubes/Protein Hybrid Electrolyte Gated Transistors.

Semiconducting single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are promising materials for biosensing applications with electrolyte-gated transistors (EGT). However, to be employed in EGT devices, SWCNTs often require lengthy solution-processing fabrication techniques. Here, we introduce a simple solution-based method that allows fabricating EGT devices from stable dispersions of SWCNTs/bovine serum albumin (BSA) hybrids in water.

Chasing the Role of miRNAs in RCC: From Free-Circulating to Extracellular-Vesicle-Derived Biomarkers.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the second most common cancer of the urinary system. The current therapeutic strategies are based on partial or total nephrectomy and/or targeted therapies based on immune checkpoint inhibitors to which patients are often refractory. Preventive and screening strategies do not exist and the few available biomarkers for RCC are characterized by a lack of sensitivity, outlining the need for novel noninvasive and sensitive biomarkers for early diagnosis and better disease monitoring.

Clinical Impact and Predictors of Aneurysmal Rebleeding in Poor-Grade Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Results From the National POGASH Registry.

Background: Scarce data are available regarding rebleeding predictors in poor-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).

Objectives: To investigate predictors and clinical impact of rebleeding in a national multicentric poor-grade aSAH.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from the multicentric Poor Grade Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Study Group (POGASH) registry of consecutive patients treated from January 1, 2015, to June 30th, 2021.

The angio-architectural features of brain arteriovenous malformations: is it possible to predict the probability of rupture?

Background: Hemorrhage is the most devastating complication of brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs), and to date, there is still concern about the needing for treatment in case of unruptured and asymptomatic bAVM. In fact, the morbidity and mortality of treatments may exceed that of the AVM's natural history. None of the classifications and scores for bAVM allows to predict the risk of bleeding.

Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Electron Transfer of Electrode-Immobilized Small Laccase from .

The thermodynamic and kinetic properties for heterogeneous electron transfer (ET) were measured for the electrode-immobilized small laccase (SLAC) from subjected to different electrostatic and covalent protein-electrode linkages, using cyclic voltammetry. Once immobilized electrostatically onto a gold electrode using mixed carboxyl- and hydroxy-terminated alkane-thiolate SAMs or covalently exploiting the same SAM subjected to N-hydroxysuccinimide+1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (NHS-EDC) chemistry, the SLAC-electrode electron flow occurs through the T1 center. The E°' values (from +0.

Treatment of Food Aversion and Eating Problems in Children with Short Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review.

Food Aversion (FA) is a strong refusing behaviour to the oral assumption of food that can affect children with Short Bowel Syndrome (SBS). Management includes behavioural and Messy Play treatments, with few reports on systematic strategies to return the patient to enjoyable eating. We conducted a systematic review to better understand this complex and vital issue.

Assessing the Functional and Structural Stability of the Met80Ala Mutant of Cytochrome in Dimethylsulfoxide.

The Met80Ala variant of yeast cytochrome is known to possess electrocatalytic properties that are absent in the wild type form and that make it a promising candidate for biocatalysis and biosensing. The versatility of an enzyme is enhanced by the stability in mixed aqueous/organic solvents that would allow poorly water-soluble substrates to be targeted. In this work, we have evaluated the effect of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) on the functionality of the Met80Ala cytochrome mutant, by investigating the thermodynamics and kinetics of electron transfer in mixed water/DMSO solutions up to 50% DMSO /.

Hydrogen peroxide induces heme degradation and protein aggregation in human neuroglobin: roles of the disulfide bridge and hydrogen-bonding in the distal heme cavity.

In the present study, human neuroglobin (hNgb) was found to undergo H O -induced breakdown of the heme center at a much slower rate than other globins, namely in the timescale of hours against minutes. We investigated how the rate of the process is affected by the Cys46/Cys55 disulfide bond and the network of non-covalent interactions in the distal heme side involving Tyr44, Lys67, the His64 heme iron axial ligand and the heme propionate-7. The rate is increased by the Tyr44 to Ala and Phe mutations; however the rate is lowered by Lys67 to Ala swapping.

Correlation between hypo-pituitarism and poor cognitive function using neuropsychological tests after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage: A pilot study.

Background: Hypopituitarism seems to be rather common following aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH), even though its real prevalence remains unclear and the effects on six-month patient functional outcomes are debatable. This study correlated hypopituitarism after aSAH and cognitive performances using neuropsychological tests.

Methods: In a prospective cohort of patients with aSAH, basal pituitary hormone testing was undergone and two neuropsychological tests, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE), were administered in three phases: in the subacute phase (2 weeks), the chronic phase (3-6 months) and the follow-up phase (6-12 months) post aSAH.