Interpolated junctional extrasystoles mimicking complex polymorphic ventricular arrhythmias in a healthy young athlete: a case report.

Background: In young competitive athletes, ventricular arrhythmias could be a reason for concern as they may represent the sign of a serious underlying cardiac condition. On the other hand, atrial or conduction system premature beats are usually benign. However, when the properties of the His-Purkinje system lead to conduction aberrancies, there is a risk of misinterpreting benign arrhythmias as potentially at risk ventricular ectopic beats.

Arrhythmic Mitral Valve Prolapse in the Young: A Rare but Concerning Entity.

Arrhythmic mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is an increasingly recognized clinical entity, characterized by the association of myxomatous mitral valve, ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Prevalence of MVP is reported ranging between 2% and 5% of the general population, and risk of SCD is estimated approximately 0.3% per year.

Role of Provocable Brugada ECG Pattern in The Correct Risk Stratification for Major Arrhythmic Events.

The so-called Brugada syndrome (BS), first called precordial early repolarization syndrome (PERS), is characterized by the association of a fascinating electrocardiographic pattern, namely an aspect resembling right bundle branch block with a coved and sometime upsloping ST segment elevation in the precordial leads, and major ventricular arrhythmic events that could rarely lead to sudden death. Its electrogenesis has been related to a conduction delay mostly, but not only, located on the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT), probably due to a progressive fibrosis of the conduction system. Many tests have been proposed to identify people at risk of sudden death and, among all, ajmaline challenge, thanks to its ability to enhance latent conduction defects, became so popular, even if its role is still controversial as it is neither specific nor sensitive enough to guide further invasive investigations and managements.

Body fat and the cognitive pattern: A population-based study.

Objective: The relationship between body fatness and cognitive pattern at a population level was investigated.

Methods: Among 500 unselected subjects from the general population, the role of body mass index (BMI) and body fat mass (BFM) on a mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and on a battery of paper and pencil neuropsychological tests was analyzed. Multiple linear regressions, accounting for potential confounders, were used.

Orthostatic hypotension does not increase cardiovascular risk in the elderly at a population level.

Background: The general belief that orthostatic hypotension (OH) predisposes to cardiovascular events is based on sparse and contradictory data, rarely derived from population studies.

Methods: A total of 1,016 men and women aged ≥65 years was studied in a 12-year epidemiological population-based study. Cardiovascular events were detected in subjects with and without OH (blood pressure (BP) decrease ≥20mm Hg for systolic or ≥10mm Hg for diastolic), and Cox analysis was performed including OH as an independent variable.

Cognitive functions and cognitive reserve in relation to blood pressure components in a population-based cohort aged 53 to 94 years.

In 288 men and women from general population in a cross-sectional survey, all neuropsychological tests were negatively associated with age; memory and executive function were also positively related with education. The hypertensives (HT) were less efficient than the normotensives (NT) in the test of memory with interference at 10 sec (MI-10) (-33%, P = 0.03), clock drawing test (CLOX) (-28%, P < 0.

The C825T GNB3 polymorphism, independent of blood pressure, predicts cerebrovascular risk at a population level.

Background: The role of C825T polymorphism of the candidate GNB3 gene in predicting cerebrovascular outcome has been poorly explored in longitudinal setting at a population level.

Methods: In an epidemiological setting, 1,678 men and women from general population were genotyped for C825T polymorphism of GNB3 gene and follow-up for 10 years to detect nonfatal and fatal cerebrovascular events (CE). Established cerebrovascular risk factors were used to adjust the multivariate Cox analysis for confounders.

Menopause does not affect blood pressure and risk profile, and menopausal women do not become similar to men.

Objective: Menopause is considered to be a cardiovascular risk factor, but this belief is based on opinions rather than on evidence. Confounding effects of age are often neglected.

Design: Population-based study with further subanalysis of case-to-case age-matched cohorts of men and fertile and menopausal women.