Metabolic disrupting chemicals in the intestine: the need for biologically relevant models: Zebrafish: what can we learn from this small environment-sensitive fish?

Although the concept of endocrine disruptors first appeared almost 30 years ago, the relatively recent involvement of these substances in the etiology of metabolic pathologies (obesity, diabetes, hepatic steatosis, etc.) has given rise to the concept of Metabolic Disrupting Chemicals (MDCs). Organs such as the liver and adipose tissue have been well studied in the context of metabolic disruption by these substances.

Citizen science in environmental health research: A comparison with conventional approaches and creation of a guidance tool issued from the LILAS initiative.

Context: Public interest for citizen science (CS) in environmental health is growing. The goals of environmental health research projects are diverse, as are the methods used to reach these goals. Opportunities for greater implication of the civil society and related challenges differ at each step of such projects.

Predator-Prey Interaction Between Xylocoris sordidus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) and Enneothrips enigmaticus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae).

The peanut thrips, Enneothrips enigmaticus (Thysanoptera: Thrypidae), is an important pest of the peanut (Arachis hypogaea) in South America. Due to concerns about the environment and human health induced by the extensive use of pesticides in the management control of pests, environmentally and friendlier tactics must be targeted. Thus, this study investigates, for the first time, the behavior of Xylocoris sordidus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) as a biological control agent for E.

SDHi fungicides: An example of mitotoxic pesticides targeting the succinate dehydrogenase complex.

Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHi) are fungicides used to control the proliferation of pathogenic fungi in crops. Their mode of action is based on blocking the activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), a universal enzyme expressed by all species harboring mitochondria. The SDH is involved in two interconnected metabolic processes for energy production: the transfer of electrons in the mitochondrial respiratory chain and the oxidation of succinate to fumarate in the Krebs cycle.

New approach methodologies to facilitate and improve the hazard assessment of non-genotoxic carcinogens-a PARC project.

Carcinogenic chemicals, or their metabolites, can be classified as genotoxic or non-genotoxic carcinogens (NGTxCs). Genotoxic compounds induce DNA damage, which can be detected by an established and battery of genotoxicity assays. For NGTxCs, DNA is not the primary target, and the possible modes of action (MoA) of NGTxCs are much more diverse than those of genotoxic compounds, and there is no specific assay for detecting NGTxCs.

Bacillus thuringiensis-based bioinsecticides affect predation of Euborellia annulipes on diamondback moth larvae.

Interactions between earwigs and entomopathogens, such as Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), are still poorly understood. This study tested whether Bt-based bioinsecticides have any effect on the predation of Euborellia annulipes (Lucas) (Dermaptera: Anisolabididae) on Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), one of the pests with the largest number of cases of use and resistance to Bt.

Lack of fitness costs in dsRNA-resistant Leptinotarsa decemlineata ([Coleoptera]: [Chrysomelidae]).

The Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) ([Coleoptera]: [Chrysomelidae]), is the most important defoliator of solanaceous plants worldwide. This insect displays a notorious ability in adapting to biological and synthetic insecticides, although in some cases this adaptation carries relevant fitness costs. Insecticidal gene silencing by RNA interference is a novel mode of action pesticide against L.

Cigarette smoke and tumor microenvironment copromote aggressiveness of human breast cancer cells.

Breast cancer is a major public health issue and the role of pollutants in promoting breast cancer progression has recently been suggested. We aimed to assess if a mixture of pollutants, cigarette smoke, could favor the aggressivity of breast cancer cells. We also evaluated the impact of the tumor microenvironment, largely represented by adipocytes, in mediating this modification of cell phenotype.

Silicon and boron on cauliflower induce attractiveness and mortality in Plutella xylostella.

Background: Boron (B) and silicon (Si) are fundamental for brassica nutrition, and in some cases, they have potential as an insecticide. Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), one of the most economically important agricultural pests, is difficult to control due to the resistance to insecticides and the absence of alternative control methods.

Epistemic justice in public involvement and engagement: Creating conditions for impact.

Introduction: Patient and public involvement in research is anchored in moral and epistemological rationales. Moral rationales relate to the public having a right to influence how knowledge about them is generated. Epistemological rationales relate to how research design and implementation can improve when informed by experiential, as well as technical, knowledge.

Mitochondrial Dysfunction as a Hallmark of Environmental Injury.

Environmental factors including diet, sedentary lifestyle and exposure to pollutants largely influence human health throughout life. Cellular and molecular events triggered by an exposure to environmental pollutants are extremely variable and depend on the age, the chronicity and the doses of exposure. Only a fraction of all relevant mechanisms involved in the onset and progression of pathologies in response to toxicants has probably been identified.

Artificial Diets With Different Protein Levels for Rearing Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a pest of great economic importance which can feed on more than 300 plant species.

Identification of non-validated endocrine disrupting chemical characterization methods by screening of the literature using artificial intelligence and by database exploration.

Background: Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) represents a critical public health threat. Several adverse health outcomes (e.g.

Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Indoxacarb in Two Populations of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae).

The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus, 1758), is one of the main pests of brassicas, and various insecticides, such as indoxacarb, are used to control it. However, frequent insecticide applications favor the selection of resistant individuals. Thus, the residual and sublethal effects of indoxacarb in two populations of P.

Temperature-dependent functional response of Euborellia annulipes (Dermaptera: Anisolabididae) preying on Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) larvae.

Temperature mediates trophic interactions, including relationships between insect pests and predators, and functional response studies are often used to determine the suitability of predators as biocontrol agents. We investigated the effects of temperature on the functional response of Euborellia annulipes (Lucas) (Dermaptera: Anisolabididae) preying on Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) larvae.

Effects of a Bt-based insecticide on the functional response of Ceraeochrysa cincta preying on Plutella xylostella.

Plutella xylostella, is the main pest infesting Brassica crops, and products based on Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are frequently used in strategies for its biocontrol. The present study aimed to evaluate whether a Bt-based bioinsecticide affects the predation behavior of Ceraeochrysa cincta when preying on P. xylostella.

Public involvement in health research: what does 'good' look like in practice?

Plain English Summary: Patient and public involvement means researchers working with members of the public, patients or carers to jointly plan and carry out research. This article is written by members of three involvement groups, and the university employees that they work with. We wanted to jointly reflect on what enables our collaborative work, and what the challenges are for everyone involved.

Parasitism-Mediated Interactions Between the Ring-Legged Earwig and Sugarcane Borer Larvae.

Sugarcane is one of the most economically important crops in Brazil. The damage caused by Diatraea saccharalis (F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) results in high costs for its production.

Evolutionarily conserved susceptibility of the mitochondrial respiratory chain to SDHI pesticides and its consequence on the impact of SDHIs on human cultured cells.

Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) inhibitors (SDHIs) are used worldwide to limit the proliferation of molds on plants and plant products. However, as SDH, also known as respiratory chain (RC) complex II, is a universal component of mitochondria from living organisms, highly conserved through evolution, the specificity of these inhibitors toward fungi warrants investigation. We first establish that the human, honeybee, earthworm and fungal SDHs are all sensitive to the eight SDHIs tested, albeit with varying IC50 values, generally in the micromolar range.

Interactions of Bacillus thuringiensis strains for Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) susceptibility.

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) biopesticides are an environmentally safe alternative to the management of Plutella xylostella pesticide resistance evolution. We evaluated P. xylostella susceptibility to six Bt strains cultivated and applied individually, and 15 combinations of Bt strains mixed after cultivation.

A dual mixture of persistent organic pollutants modifies carbohydrate metabolism in the human hepatic cell line HepaRG.

Individuals as well as entire ecosystems are exposed to mixtures of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs). Previously, we showed, by a non-targeted approach, that the expression of several genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism was almost completely inhibited in the human hepatic cell line HepaRG following exposure to a mixture of the organochlorine insecticide alpha-endosulfan and 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. In this European HEALS project, which studies the effects of the exposome on human health, we used a Physiologically Based BioKinetic model to compare the concentrations previously used in vitro with in vivo exposures for humans.

Beauveria bassiana (Ascomycota: Hypocreales)-treated Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Larvae Mediate the Preference and Functional Response of Euborellia annulipes (Dermaptera: Anisolabididae) Nymphs.

Biological control is one of the strategies to reduce populations of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), the major pest of brassica. Entomopathogen-based biopesticides are recommended and used for its control, reducing the constant use of chemical pesticides. Predators and/or fungal entomopathogens have an increasing interest to be used against diamondback moth, and the compatibility of these control agents in the field is important for pest management.

Artificial Corn-Based Diet for Rearing Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) is considered a key pest of maize.

A chloroplast-localized mitochondrial calcium uniporter transduces osmotic stress in Arabidopsis.

Chloroplasts are integral to sensing biotic and abiotic stress in plants, but their role in transducing Ca-mediated stress signals remains poorly understood. Here we identify cMCU, a member of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) family, as an ion channel mediating Ca flux into chloroplasts in vivo. Using a toolkit of aequorin reporters targeted to chloroplast stroma and the cytosol in cMCU wild-type and knockout lines, we provide evidence that stress-stimulus-specific Ca dynamics in the chloroplast stroma correlate with expression of the channel.