Use of implementation logic models in the Quadruple Aim QUERI: conceptualization and evolution.

Background: Implementation strategies are essential to deliver evidence-based programs that align with local context, resources, priorities, and preferences. However, it is not always clear how specific strategies are selected (vs. others) and strategies are not always operationalized clearly, distinctly, and dynamically.

Adapting Public Health and Health Services Interventions in Diverse, Real-World Settings: Documentation and Iterative Guidance of Adaptations.

When complex public health and health services interventions are implemented in real-world settings, adaptations should be expected, embraced, and studied rather than suppressed and ignored. A substantial amount of recent research has been conducted on the assessment of some types of adaptations, and interest in guiding adaptations to both interventions and implementation strategies is growing. However, there is still a need to investigate the optimal ways to systematically and pragmatically document, analyze, and iteratively guide adaptations as well as to measure the impact of those adaptations on implementation and effectiveness outcomes.

Evaluating the mobile Mantram Repetition Program for veterans with PTSD: A multimethod randomized feasibility trial of self-directed versus text support delivery.

Objective: While mobile delivery can help increase access to evidence-based treatment for veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), feasibility and acceptability are of concern with the potential for high attrition rates and limited participation. The Mantram Repetition Program (MRP), a meditation-focused approach with documented efficacy for reducing symptoms of PTSD and insomnia, was adapted as a brief, mobile-delivered MRP (mMRP) training. This study assessed implementation indicators of mMRP and compared self-directed users of mMRP versus users who received additional text message support.

Designing for data sharing: Considerations for advancing health equity in data management and dissemination.

Data sharing, the act of making scientific research data available to others, can accelerate innovation and discoveries, and ultimately enhance public health. The National Cancer Institute Implementation Science Centers in Cancer Control convened a diverse group of research scientists, practitioners, and community partners in three interactive workshops (May-June 2022) to identify and discuss factors that must be considered when designing research for equitable data sharing with a specific emphasis on implementation science and social, behavioral, and population health research. This group identified and operationalized a set of seven key considerations for equitable data sharing-conceptualized as an inclusive process that fairly includes the perspectives and priorities of all partners involved in and impacted by data sharing, with consideration of ethics, history, and benefits-that were integrated into a framework.

Usability Testing of a Web Tool for Dissemination and Implementation Science Models.

Unlabelled: Dissemination and Implementation science is dedicated to increasing the speed of evidence-based research translated into practice as guided by one or multiple D&I theories, models, and frameworks. The Dissemination and Implementation Models in Health Research and Practice web tool guides users on how to plan, select, combine, adapt, use, and assess theories, models, and frameworks. This paper describes usability testing to update the web tool.

Gaps in communication theory paradigms when conducting implementation science research: qualitative observations from interviews with administrators, implementors, and evaluators of rural health programs.

Background: Communication is considered an inherent element of nearly every implementation strategy. Often it is seen as a means for imparting new information between stakeholders, representing a Transaction orientation to communication. From a Process orientation, communication is more than information-exchange and is acknowledged as being shaped by (and shaping) the individuals involved and their relationships with one another.

Tracking implementation strategies in real-world settings: VA Office of Rural Health enterprise-wide initiative portfolio.

Objective: To use a practical approach to examining the use of Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) strategies by Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) dimensions for rural health innovations using annual reports on a diverse array of initiatives.

Data Sources And Study Setting: The Veterans Affairs (VA) Office of Rural Health (ORH) funds initiatives designed to support the implementation and spread of innovations and evidence-based programs and practices to improve the health of rural Veterans. This study draws on the annual evaluation reports submitted for fiscal years 2020-2022 from 30 of these enterprise-wide initiatives (EWIs).

Use of the iPRISM webtool in a learning community to assess implementation context and fit of a novel clinical decision support tool for physical therapy triage in acute care hospitals.

Background: The iPRISM webtool is an interactive tool designed to aid the process of applying the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM) for the assessment of and fit with context. A learning community (LC) is a multidisciplinary group of partners addressing a complex problem. Our LC coproduced the Physical TheraPy frEqueNcy Clinical decIsion support tooL (PT-PENCIL) to guide the use of physical therapist services in acute care hospitals.

Enhancing patient-clinician collaboration during treatment decision-making: study protocol for a community-engaged, mixed method hybrid type 1 trial of collaborative decision skills training (CDST) for veterans with psychosis.

Background: Patient participation in treatment decision making is a pillar of recovery-oriented care and is associated with improvements in empowerment and well-being. Although demand for increased involvement in treatment decision-making is high among veterans with serious mental illness, rates of involvement are low. Collaborative decision skills training (CDST) is a recovery-oriented, skills-based intervention designed to support meaningful patient participation in treatment decision making.

A pragmatic randomized trial of mailed fecal immunochemical testing to increase colorectal cancer screening among low-income and minoritized populations.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is underused, particularly among low-income and minoritized populations, for whom the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has challenged progress in achieving equity.

Methods: A hub-and-spoke model was used. The hub was a nonacademic organization and the spokes were three community health center (CHC) systems overseeing numerous clinic sites.

The Effects of a Single-Session Virtual Rumination Intervention to Enhance Cognitive Functioning in Veterans With Subjective Cognitive Symptoms: Multimethod Pilot Study.

Background: Subjective cognitive concerns (SCCs) entail perceived difficulties in thinking or memory, often reported without substantial objective evidence of cognitive impairment. These concerns are prevalent among individuals with a history of brain injuries, neurological conditions, or chronic illnesses, contributing to both psychological distress and functional limitations. They are increasingly considered to be a risk factor for future objective decline.

An implementation strategy postmortem method developed in the VA rural Transitions Nurse Program to inform spread and scale-up.

Background: High-quality implementation evaluations report on intervention fidelity and adaptations made, but a practical process for evaluating implementation strategies is needed. A retrospective method for evaluating implementation strategies is also required as prospective methods can be resource intensive. This study aimed to establish an implementation strategy postmortem method to identify the implementation strategies used, when, and their perceived importance.

The core functions and forms paradigm throughout EPIS: designing and implementing an evidence-based practice with function fidelity.

There are numerous frameworks for implementing evidence-based practices (EBPs) in novel settings to achieve "fidelity." However, identifying appropriate referents for fidelity poses a challenge. The Core Functions and Forms paradigm offers a model that can inform adaptation decisions throughout all phases of the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment (EPIS) framework.

Adaptation of the brainwriting premortem technique to inform the co-creation of COVID-19 testing strategies in underserved communities in South San Diego.

Introduction: Meaningful engagement of partners in co-creating and refining health-related programs can increase the initial uptake, sustained implementation, broad reach, and effectiveness of these programs. This is especially important for underserved communities where resources are limited and need to be prioritized. Brainwriting premortem is a novel qualitative approach to partner engagement that combines the strengths of individual idea generation with the concept of premortem exercise that addresses failure points prior to the implementation of new programs.

Process evaluation of an academic dissemination and implementation science capacity building program.

The UC San Diego Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute Dissemination and Implementation Science Center (DISC) launched in 2020 to provide dissemination and implementation science (DIS) training, technical assistance, community engagement, and research advancement. DISC developed a program-wide logic model to inform a process evaluation of member engagement and impact related to DISC services. The DISC Logic Model (DLM) served as the framework for a process evaluation capturing quantitative and qualitative information about scientific activities, outputs, and outcomes.

Hub-and-Spoke centralized intervention to optimize colorectal cancer screening and follow-up: A pragmatic, cluster-randomized controlled trial protocol.

Background: Guidelines recommend screening for colorectal cancer (CRC), but participation and abnormal test follow up rates are suboptimal, with disparities by demography. Evidence-based interventions exist to promote screening, but community adoption and implementation are limited.

Methods: The San Diego Accelerating Colorectal Cancer Screening and Follow-up through Implementation Science (ACCSIS) program is an academic-community partnership testing regional implementation of a Hub-and-Spoke model for increasing CRC screening and follow-up.

Community-engaged optimization of COVID-19 rapid evaluation and testing experiences: roll-out implementation optimization trial.

Background: There continues to be a need for COVID-19 testing that is pragmatic, community-centered, and sustainable. This study will refine and test implementation strategies prioritized by community partners: (1) walk-up no-cost testing, (2) community health worker (promotores)-facilitated testing and preventive care counseling, (3) vending machines that dispense no-cost, self-testing kits.

Methods: A co-designed Theory of Change from an earlier study phase and the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainment Model (PRISM) will guide the study design, measures selection, and evaluation.

The iPRISM webtool: an interactive tool to pragmatically guide the iterative use of the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model in public health and clinical settings.

Background: To increase uptake of implementation science (IS) methods by researchers and implementers, many have called for ways to make it more accessible and intuitive. The purpose of this paper is to describe the iPRISM webtool (Iterative, Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model) and how this interactive tool operationalizes PRISM to assess and guide a program's (a) alignment with context, (b) progress on pragmatic outcomes, (c) potential adaptations, and (d) future sustainability across the stages of the implementation lifecycle.

Methods: We used an iterative human-centered design process to develop the iPRISM webtool.

Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake in a US/Mexico border community: demographics, previous influenza vaccination, and trusted sources of health information.

Background: COVID-19 vaccine uptake has been uneven, particularly across racial/ethnic and age groups. This study seeks to understand factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake in a large cross-sectional sample of predominantly Latinos/Latinas individuals living near the US/Mexico border.

Methods: Data are extracted from a 176-item survey conducted as part of a parent study focused on the co-creation of a COVID-19 testing program for underserved communities developed through a partnership between an academic institution and a Federally Qualified Health Center.