Silver and Copper Complexes with Ibuprofen and Caffeine-Preparation and Evaluation of Their Selected Biological Effects.

Several organometallic complexes based on more than twenty different metals have already been approved for medical applications. The aim of the presented research was to obtain complexes of silver and copper with the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ibuprofen and xanthine alkaloid caffeine and evaluate selected aspects of their bioactivity and biosafety in terms of their future possible applications. The obtained complexes were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, UV-VIS spectroscopy, conductometry, elemental analysis, and bioassays.

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles containing copper or silver synthesized with a new metal source: Determination of their structure parameters and cytotoxic and irritating effects.

One of the potential implementation of mesoporous silica nanomaterials (MSNs) is their use in biomedical applications as adsorbents or carriers of various bioactive substances. In this study, we attempted to fabricate silica nanomaterials containing copper and silver that were introduced into the MSN matrix, for the first time using oxalate compounds as a metal source. The syntheses were carried out using hydrothermal and impregnation methods.

Candidate diagnostic miRNAs that can detect cancer in prostate biopsy.

Background: While histopathological evaluation remains the gold standard for diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa), sampling errors remain a frequent problem; therefore, use of tissue biomarkers that can distinguish between benign and malignant prostate disease is a potentially beneficial diagnostic strategy.

Methods: Deep sequencing of the miRNA transcriptome of 14 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 60 cancerous and non-cancerous prostate samples extracted from 34 cancer-bearing prostates removed by prostatectomy was performed; of the latter 60 samples, 16, 21, and 23 samples contained <10%, >30%, and no dysplastic cells, respectively. The predictive value of selected miRNAs was then tested by quantitative reverse-transcribed PCR (qRT-PCR), using two separate chemistries, Exiqon and Taqman, to evaluate the tissue samples obtained by prostatectomy.

Obesity and renal cancer incidence and mortality--a systematic review of prospective cohort studies.

Introduction And Objective: There have been many studies published recently on obesity and the risk of renal cancer; however, the epidemiological evidence for such an association has not been consistent. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted of the prospective cohort studies to assess the association between obesity and the risk of renal cancer incidence and death.

Materials And Methods: A search was conducted of the PubMed database and references to published studies from inception until May 2013.

Contralateral adrenal metastasis from renal cell carcinoma with tumor thrombus in the adrenal vein: a case report.

A 64-year-old woman presented with contralateral right adrenal metastasis with adrenal vein thrombus, which was diagnosed many years after left nephrectomy with adrenalectomy due to renal cell cancer. The patient underwent right adrenalectomy with adrenal vein tumor thrombectomy for treatment. The pathologic examination confirmed metastatic clear cell carcinoma.

The role of endoscopic bladder tumour assessment in the management of patients subjected to transurethral bladder tumour resection.

Despite complete resection, non-muscle invasive bladder cancers tend to recur. Therefore, their risk stratification was implemented to select adjuvant therapy. Immediate intravesical chemotherapeutic instillations were shown to decrease the risk of recurrence in those with low-risk disease.

Laparoscopic implantation of an artificial urinary sphincter around the prostatic urethra.

Objective: To report the first laparoscopic periprostatic implantation of an artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) after a transurethral resection of the prostate.

Background: The implantation of an AUS is a standard procedure for severe urinary incontinence. In men it is usually implanted through a perineal approach, with the cuff placed around the bulbous urethra, bladder neck, or even around the prostate.

The impact of nutrition in urogenital cancers.

Prostate, bladder and kidney cancers remain the most common cancers of the urinary tract. Despite improved primary prevention, detection and treatment, the incidence of age-related cancers of the urinary tract is likely to rise as a result of global population ageing. An association of diet with prostate, bladder and kidney carcinogenesis is plausible since the majority of metabolites, including carcinogens, are excreted through the urinary tract.

Determination of prostate adenoma weight reduction due to vaporisation process occurring during transurethral resection of the prostate.

Introduction: Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is regarded as the gold standard surgical treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The completeness of TURP may be assessed indirectly by estimation of the weight of glandular tissue removed. This parameter is often lower than expected.

Is determination of transition zone volume by transrectal ultrasound in patients with clinically benign prostatic enlargement sufficiently reliable in the clinical setting?

Introduction: Controversies exist regarding the accuracy of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) determination of transition zone volume (TZV) when compared with enucleated adenoma weight.

Aim: To determine the accuracy and reliability of measurements of the TZV by TRUS, by comparing preoperative radiological findings with the enucleated prostate adenoma volume, measured by fluid displacement volumetry (FDV), after retropubic prostatectomy performed by the Millin method, and, moreover, to evaluate changes in the surgical capsule size in the intermediate postoperative period.

Material And Methods: We measured TZV preoperatively using TRUS and postoperatively with FDV in 112 patients who underwent retroperitoneal prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Should active surveillance in prostate cancer patients be based on a single histological assessment?

Introduction: Active surveillance (AS) is always associated with a degree of uncertainty, whether or not prostate biopsy (TRUSBx) results indeed can be relied on for evaluation of cancer stage and histological grade, as the most commonly observed limitations of TRUSBx are undergrading, understaging and underestimating true prostate cancer (PCa) volume. We evaluated prostate cancer characteristics in men who could have been offered active surveillance based on clinical features and TRUSBx results, and compared them with the same patient's histology results following their radical prostatectomy (RP). Moreover, we assessed the level of consistency in reporting TRUSBx and RP specimens by the same pathologist on two separate occasions, as well as by another independent pathologist.

Should all specimens taken during surgical treatment of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia be assessed by a pathologist?

Introduction: In some patients submitted to transurethral resection of the prostatic (TURP) or prostatectomy (OAE) due to benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), pathological evaluations (PE) revealed coexistence of prostate cancer (PCa) and BPH. The aim of the study is to evaluate the incidence of PCa diagnosed incidentally in prostate specimens taken during BPH surgery, to assess the need of routine PE and to define the group of patients in whom PE could be abandoned without the risk of omitting clinically significant PCa.

Material And Methods: 968 consecutive men were subjected to surgical treatment due to BPH in Jan.

Infected urachal cyst in a young adult.

The urachus is the remnant of the cloaca, which in adults attaches the bladder dome to the umbilicus. After birth it obliterates and presents as the midline umbilical ligament. Patent urachal anomalies are usually detected in childhood.

Lower urinary tract symptoms and their severity in men subjected to prostate biopsy.

Introduction: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are one of most frequent complaints among men over 50 years of age. They usually result from benign prostate hyperplasia, which often coexists with cancer. The aim of the present study is to evaluate prospectively the incidence of LUTS and their character in men subjected to prostate biopsy.

Clinical value of transurethral second resection of bladder tumor: systematic review.

Objective: To systematically review prospective trials aimed at the role of restaging transurethral resection (reTUR) to define the group of patients with bladder cancer who would benefit.

Materials And Methods: A systematic review of the literature in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines was conducted.

Results: Of 120 trials, 7 met the inclusion criteria.

DNA methylation status is more reliable than gene expression at detecting cancer in prostate biopsy.

Background: We analysed critically the potential usefulness of RNA- and DNA-based biomarkers in supporting conventional histological diagnostic tests for prostate carcinoma (PCa) detection.

Methods: Microarray profiling of gene expression and DNA methylation was performed on 16 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 32 cancerous and non-cancerous prostate samples extracted by radical prostatectomy. The predictive value of the selected biomarkers was validated by qPCR-based methods using tissue samples extracted from the 58 prostates and, separately, using 227 prostate core biopsies.

Clinical value of extended pelvic lymph node dissection in patients subjected to radical prostatectomy.

Introduction: Extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND) is advised to complement radical prostatectomy (RP) in intermediate and high risk prostate cancer patients.

Aim: To assess the risk of nodal involvement in patients subjected to laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and to characterize the group of patients with lymph node (LN) metastases.

Material And Methods: Data of patients subjected to laparoscopic radical prostatectomy with ePLND between February 2011 and June 2013 were analyzed.

Percutaneous suprapubic endoscopy for treatment of bladder tamponade.

Suprapubic catheterisation is generally considered a safe procedure. It can, however, be associated with complications including haematuria. It is usually self-limiting and easily treated with non-surgical measures but at times formal treatment in the operating room may be required.

Obesity and prostate cancer incidence and mortality: a systematic review of prospective cohort studies.

Background: There has been a large body of research on obesity and the risk of prostate cancer (PCa) that has been published recently. However, the epidemiological evidence for such an association has not been consistent. This may be attributed to the nature of case-control and retrospective studies, which generally are more prone to biases.

Bladder neck preservation during classic laparoscopic radical prostatectomy - point of technique and preliminary results.

Introduction: Stress urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer organ-confined patients can significantly affect quality of life. The article presents a technique of bladder neck preservation, because it is believed that this point is one of many crucial points responsible for fast recovery of continence after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP).

Material And Methods: Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy with the intention of bladder neck preservation was performed in 194 patients of clinically organ-confined prostate cancer (cT2 ≤ N0M0).

Degeneration of the symphysis pubis presenting as a submucosal urinary bladder tumour.

Urinary bladder sonography is a sensitive diagnostic technique used for visualizing urinary bladder tumours. The aim of our communication is to present a case of a pseudotumour of the urinary bladder originating from the symphysis pubis syndesmosis. A 58-year-old woman was seen by a urologist with symptoms of lower urinary tract infection.

Macroscopic hematuria-a leading urological problem in patients on anticoagulant therapy: is the common diagnostic standard still advisable?

All urological standards of care are based on the past definition of the clinical importance of macroscopic hematuria. The aim of the study was to assess the phenomenon of iatrogenic hematuria in current clinical practice and analyze its origins in patients receiving anticoagulant drugs. Retrospective analysis of clinical documentation of 238 patients that were consulted for hematuria in 2007-2009 by 5 consultant urologists was performed.

Clinical significance of surgical margin status in patients subjected to radical prostatectomy.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical value of positive surgical margins (PSM) in patients subjected to radical prostatectomy (RP). The data of men who were subjected to RP from the 1st of January, 2001 to the 30th of May, 2010 were analyzed. Specimens with PSM were again evaluated to confirm the presence of positive margins.

Lack of evidence for increased level of circulating urothelial cells in the peripheral blood after transurethral resection of bladder tumors.

Purpose: Aggressive intervention against the bladder wall during transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) causes damage and leakage from blood vessels to the bladder lumen. The aim of this study was to determine whether TURBT could increase the level of circulating urothelial cells.

Methods: Expression of tumor markers, discriminative for nucleated blood cells and urothelium, was evaluated by quantitative (q) RT-PCR on RNA isolated from peripheral blood samples of 51 patients who underwent TURBT for ≥cT1c bladder tumors.