[Somatic pathology in elderly and senile persons suffering from Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's type dementia.].

In order to study the prevalence of chronic somatic age-associated pathology in elderly and senile people suffering from Alzheimer's type dementia with the presentation of the hypothesis of somatopsychic pathogenetic comorbidity observation and treatment, 217 patients were observed, conditionally divided into 2 comparable groups: with a definitive diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (n=73) and with so-called Alzheimer's type dementia (n=144). Distinct differences in the variants of comorbid to the selected types of dementia of somatic pathology were determined, which had a negative impact not only in terms of the occurrence of cognitive disorders, but also in the future, during the formation of the most severe variants of dementia. In cases of Alzheimer's disease, pathological processes in the large intestine turned out to be leading, with Alzheimer's type dementia - diseases of the circulatory system and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

[The possibility of using the results of the study of oral fluid and buccal epithelium in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.].

The article presents the results of the first experience of comparative studies of the state of the oral fluid and buccal epithelium in 12 patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease, and in 12 individuals without any signs of cognitive impairment. In the course of the study, the correlative relationships of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors of the oral fluid, the main cytological changes of the buccal epithelium with the results obtained during neuropsychological testing using the MMSE and ADAS-COG scales were studied. This comparative study is associated with the assumption of a common ectodermal origin of the nervous tissue and buccal epithelium, which may be due to systemic pathological changes in the tissues of a single embryonic embryo leaf.

[The dependence of medical and diagnostic measures carried out in geriatrics on age, gender and the doctor's health status.].

The article discusses the probable dependence of the actions of a specialist working with geriatric patients on the age, gender, and other characteristics of this specialist. This seemingly unconventional approach to research in the field of gerontology and geriatrics reveals distinct differences in a number of aspects of clinical thinking and following clinical recommendations in doctors of different ages, genders, and in different states of their own health. On the basis of a survey of 126 doctors and an analysis of 2 394 of their opinions, the results were obtained, indicating a certain conservatism of doctors over the age of 50, especially men with extensive clinical experience.

[Indicators of the hormonal spectrum in the acute period of stroke in representatives of different gender and age with different degrees of severity of functional disorders.].

The level of serum levels of a number of hormones in the acute period of stroke was determined in 29 men and 29 women aged 45 to 88 years. Comparison of the results obtained was carried out in relation to the age of the patients and the severity of the functional defect formed at the end of the acute period of stroke. The most pronounced dynamics in relation to different severity of functional disorders was found for cortisol, aldosterone and estradiol (p=0,014-0,022) in men under the age of 60 years and for testosterone (p=0,001-0,0001) in men 60-88 years.

[Cognitive aging and cognitive reserve: point of contact.].

The high risk of cognitive disorders in the elderly and senile age makes, on the one hand, to look for their causes, on the other - the possibility of prevention. In this regard, in recent years, the concept of cognitive reserve has become widespread, implying a set of quantitative parameters of the brain and its ability to maintain high functional activity in the process of aging and against the background of age-related brain pathology. The material presented in the article on the basis of the review of scientific literature highlights two main points concerning the possibility of preserving the cognitive reserve-gender and educational factors.

[Possibilities of application of remote educational technologies in the training of doctors on gerontology and geriatrics.].

The article raises a very important problem devoted to the possibility of using distance learning technologies in the system of postgraduate training of doctors in gerontology and geriatrics. In the comparative aspect, the advantages and disadvantages of distance education are given, the possibilities of their application in different variants of training a geriatrician doctor with different duration of training cycles are evaluated. The problem is considered from the point of view of the doctor, his employer, representatives of the educational organization taking into account the existing normative, legislative acts.

[Syndrome of emotional burnout among women-physicians elderly].

The article presents the results of a comparative study of clinical symptoms of syndrome of emotional burnout among 84 working in the specialty physician of older women and 48 officially ceasing operations in this specialty. The findings suggest that burnout can take place among representatives of older age and more it is continued, provided professional activities. The cessation of the work activities leads to stress, often with the subsequent development post-traumatic stress disorder and stress-induced diseases.

[The formation and dynamics of cognitive disordersin acute period of stroke in representatives different ages.].

In a sample of 116 patients aged 23 to 82 years was conducted study of the state of the cognitive sphere in the final stage of the acute period of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Signs of cognitive deficits were detected in 80 (70%) of them, often over the age of 60 years and against the background of ischemic stroke. But only 8,6% of the representatives of elderly and senile patients disorders of cognitive functions are first diagnosed on a background of stroke.

[Comparative analysis of different methods of geroprotective].

In the monitoring process 110 representatives of different age groups held a comparative analysis of the efficacy and safety of several geroprotective techniques, including the use of dry carbon dioxide baths, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, therapeutic massage and receiving Oligopeptide preparations containing complexes lysyl-glutamyl-asparagin and glutamyl-asparagin-arginine (Vezugen and Pinealon). The most pronounced positive impact on indicators of biological age were detected during the combined use of these two Oligopeptide complexes. The most safe from the point of view of influence on a number of biochemical, immunological parameters, clinical condition of the patients were therapeutic massage and Oligopeptide drugs.

[Clinical and pathogenetic features of ischemic stroke among representatives of different gender and age].

We observed 1410 patients of different gender and age with ischemic stroke of 4 main clinical and pathogenic types - atherothrombotic, cardioembolic, hemodynamic and lacunar. The dependence of the pathogenic type of stroke, background options for stroke pathology and risk factors of stroke on sex and age of patients was analyzed. We founded out that atherothrombotic ischemic stroke is more common for persons of retirement age, and in working paeople - gap and hemodynamic once, although atherothrombotic strokes in this age group were more frequently observed among men.

[Age and gender aspects of the status of lipid profile and stress-realizing systems of the human body in the aging process].

In the course of inspection 1136 persons of different age and sex data on dynamics of the main components of lipid profile, the concentration of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in blood plasma and indicators of levels of free cortisol, melatonin sulfate, metanephrine and normetanephrine in urine daily were obtained. Clear age and gender differences related both to the content of atherogenic fractions of lipids in the blood, and types of dyslipidemia were revealed. Fundamental differences in the age dynamics of indicators of stress-realizing systems in men and women and the correlation of these indicators with the level of low density lipoproteins and atherogenic coefficient were identified.

[Medical, psychological, social and gender aspects of aging in modern Russia].

In this article, the authors considered controversial issues ambiguous attitude to the aging process of the population of the Russian Federation on the basis of a number of individual differences--psychological, social, sexual, and medical. The thesis is that, unfortunately, the fight against aging appears rather to be more a struggle with an already existing old age, and you need to develop preventive measures against aging much earlier than is currently done. Submissions own research confirm this position.

[Comparative biochemistry of process of ageing in men and women].

In the research of a number of biochemical indicators in 858 men and 899 women aged from 20 till 70 years divided into 6 compared groups depending on age and gender clear distinctions in the dynamics of the components of the lipid status, status of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity of the blood system, the content of middlemolecular peptides are revealed. Simultaneous determination of the biological age of the subjects also revealed a distinct gender differencies testifying to lower rate of aging of men, despite the probability of earlier, in comparison with women, development of dislipidemia and atherosclerosis. Association of the received gender distinctions both with changes of level of estrogen in women due to menopause and with the peculiarities of stressful impacts on male and female organism in different age periods is supposed.

[Depressive disorders in elderly and senile patients in the period of rehabilitation after acute ischemic stroke].

To definite the probability of occurrence of depression after suffering an ischemic stroke in elderly and senile age and the impact of depressive disorders on the results of the rehabilitation treatment the comparative study of 186 patients aged over 70 and 110 patients at the age of 33-60 years was carried out. The results testify that the frequency of occurrence and severity of post-stroke depression do not depend on age. But the depression has a more significant impact on the results of the rehabilitation treatment in the elderly than in patients of the young and middle age, which is explained by a long existence in the period prior to the stroke of the emotional-volitional disorders, characteristic for the elderly and senile age.

[Dynamics of health and aging rate of patients of different age and sex in the treatment of moderate multiple pathologies].

The article presents results of investigation of the dynamics of health status of patients of different age and sex, with several non-serious diseases, in the course of their treatment in the hospital, as well as the determination of their biological age before and after the course of treatment. The clear differences in the number of diseases, their nature, duration of the treatment and its effectiveness depending on age and sex were revealed. However, at the age of older than 60 years these differences gradually disappearing.

[Treatment of elderly and senile patients suffering from benign prostatic hyperplasia and chronic prostatitis].

In the clinical settings and in animal experiments the research was conducted on effectiveness and safety of treatment the benign prostatic hyperplasia, chronic prostatitis in the stage of active inflammation in elderly and senile patients. The method of treatment including transrectal fonoforez of the Russian preparation of Tisol (Tisolium, gel, the company "Olympus" Yekaterinburg) in combination with diclofenac sodium protected by patents of the Russian Federation was used. The developed method of treatment has shown high efficiency and safety, which is confirmed by experimental, clinical, laboratory and instrumental studies.

Gene Expression upon Proliferation and Differentiation of Hematopoietic Cells with Ph Chromosome ex vivo.

The genesp53, mdm2, p21, c-myc,bcr/abl, bcr, bcl2, bax, and gapdh participate in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation, apoptosis and cell distribution for the cell cycle ex vivo in the Ph(+)cells of chronic myeloid leukemia containing the Ph chromosome andbcr/abloncogene. Expression of these genes correlates with regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation by alternating proliferation and maturation stages for three main Ph+cell types that occur under chronic myeloid leukemia. Thep53, p21, mdm2, and gapdh genes overexpress in active proliferating myeloid cells in the cell cycle S+ G2/M phases and when the phases are coincident with the proliferation stage.

[Features of bioelectric activity of the brain in epilepsy patients of elderly and senile age].

89 patients of elderly and senile age with various epilepsy forms have been examined. The general characteristic features of bioelectric brain activity of the elderly patients, suffering from epilepsy have been defined. Features of electroencephalographic (EEG) picture depending on the form of the disease, age of debut, expressiveness of cerebrovascular pathologies are revealed.

[Efficiency of rehabilitation of elderly and senile patients after an ischemic stroke].

Productivity of a wide medical rehabilitation in 296 patients who have had an ischemic stroke was studied. In the period of rehabilitation treatment 186 patients of 70-84 years composed the basic group, 110 in the control group were of 33-60 years. Clinical, social, psychological indicators in dynamics were compared; results of variety of tool and laboratory researches were estimated.

[Current problems in mutual relations of cerebral vascular and cardiovascular diseases in elderly and senile age].

The authors have been taking up the problems of the cardiovascular pathology caused by atherosclerosis for many years, and are supporters of universality of the specified pathology. The article demonstrates the results of the researches executed by authors, and other leaders of this direction in a medical science. Questions of mutual relations of various diseases of cardiovascular system on clinical, pathogenetic, pathomorphological, biochemical levels are considered.

[Clinical and pathogenetic characteristics of the craniocerebral trauma received by elderly patients after stroke].

In 174 patients of elderly and senile age features of a clinical picture and pathogenesis of a craniocerebral trauma of a different severity occurred in different terms after the previous stroke and in different circumstances have been studied. The mutual relations of traumatic and vascular processes are complex, the vascular pathogenetic features of a trauma influence actively to the brain, earlier damaged by an ischemic stroke, increasing the probability of the heavy form of a combined cerebral pathology and the unfavourable forecast. However the vascular encephalopathy in these conditions "does not develop" in posttraumatic one and chronic vascular-brain frustration absolutely prevail in all cases above traumatic ones.

[The final state of lipid peroxidation and antioxidation activity in blood system of elderly patients with cardiovascular pathology].

The state of lipid peroxidation and antioxidation activity in blood system of 118 elderly patients with some forms of cardiovascular pathology was analyzed 2-4 days before death due to various causes--cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, malignant tumours. Distinct differences in the state of lipid peroxidation and antioxidation activity in blood system was revealed as regards to some forms of cardiovascular pathology and combinations of cardiovascular pathology with other diseases, in particular malignant tumours. Most aggressive changes of indexes in the lipid peroxidation were registered in patients with ischemic strokes.

[Cardiovascular pathology in old patients with fatal malignant tumours].

The matter under analyses were clinical and pathomorphological peculiarities of the cardiovascular pathology in old patients with fatal malignant tumours. All patients had been treated in hospital, but notwithstanding died with causal of the malignant tumours. Pathomorphological investigation revealed lesser expressiveness of the atherosclerosis in aorta, arteries of braining foundation, coronaric arteries in patients with fatal malignant tumours as compared with patients, who died with causal of the cardiovascular pathology.

[Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular pathology in old patients: clinical and morphological aspects of interrelations].

The matter under observations and studies were 190 old patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular pathology. All the patients had been treated in hospital over and over again, but notwithstanding died with causal or the acute infarct of myocardium and its consequences (n=145), or the ischemic stroke (n=45). Pathomorphological investigation covering definition of clinical and morphological interrelations between two main marks of vascular diseases - brain and myocardium was carried out in all cases.

[Some problems of interrelations between ischemic stroke and cranial-cerebral trauma in elderly and aged patients].

The matters under studies were interrelations between cranial-cerebral trauma and ischemic stroke in old patients. Cranial-cerebral trauma took place before ischemic stroke in 80 cases. Ischemic stroke took place before cranial-cerebral trauma in 174 cases.