Auto-Suggesting Browsing Actions for Personalized Web Screen Reading.

Web browsing has never been easy for blind people, primarily due to the serial press-and-listen interaction mode of screen readers - their "go-to" assistive technology. Even simple navigational browsing actions on a page require a multitude of shortcuts. Auto-suggesting the next browsing action has the potential to assist blind users in swiftly completing various tasks with minimal effort.

Autophagy in Hepatocytes during Distant Tumor Growth.

Structural changes in the liver of CBA mice were studied during the development of experimental hepatocarcinoma-29 inoculated into the hip. A decrease in the volume density of hepatocyte cytoplasm, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and lipid inclusions and an increase in the volume density of lysosomal structures during tumor growth were observed. All stages of intracellular autophagy were recorded by the method of electron microscopy.

[Lymphatic system of the eye].

Existence of lymphatic outflow of intraocular fluid is still an open question. Identification of the lymphatic capillaries and vessels in various human organs in normal and pathological conditions became possible with discovery of endotheliocyte markers for lymphatic vessels. However, the available information on the presence of lymphatic structures in the human eye is inconsistent and uncertain.

Effects of Bone Marrow Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Their Secretory Products on Microcirculation in the Broad Ligament of the Uterus of Wistar Rats during Experimental Chronic Genital Inflammation.

Effects of bone marrow multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells and their secretory products released into the conditioned medium on microcirculatory bed in the broad ligament of the uterus were studied in Wistar rats with chronic genital inflammation. Opposite changes in the parameters of microcirculation and lymphatic drainage in the broad ligament of the uterus were observed after administration of cells and conditioned medium via different routes, which should be taken into account during the treatment of inflammatory and degenerative processes in the pelvic organs.

APOPTOSIS AND AUTOPHAGY IN HEPATOCARCINOMA CELLS INDUCED BY DIFFERENT FORMS OF LITHIUM SALTS.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the aggressive and resistant to drug therapy cancer. It is believed that the development of HCC is correlated with dysregulation of programmed cell death. So, the search for effective inducers of HCC cell death is very important.

Expression of Molecular Markers of Angiogenesis, Lymphangiogenesis, and Proliferation Depending on the Stage of Skin Melanoma.

The expression of molecular markers characterizing activity of the tumor process and metastases (proliferation marker Ki-67, angiogenesis marker CD34, and lymphangiogenesis markers podoplanin and LYVE-1) was assessed by immunohictochemical method in the primary tumor specimens collected during surgery for cutaneous melanoma (40 patients). Proliferative activity of the tumor tissue and volume density of peritumoral blood and lymph vessels increased with increasing tumor malignancy, which could indicate the risk of metastases.

Cell Composition of Central and Peripheral Lymphoid Organs of Wistar Rats Treated with a Biomedical Cell Product.

We studied the effect of a biomedical cell product (bone marrow multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells and products secreted by these cells in conditioned medium) on subpopulation composition of lymphoid cells of central and peripheral lymphoid organs of Wistar rats under normal conditions. Changes in the subpopulation composition of lymphoid organs depended on the route of administration of biomedical cell product.

[Effects of lithium carbonate nanosized particles on nitric oxide production and arginase activity in tumor and peritoneal macrophages in hepatocellular carcinoma 29].

Three groups of male CBA mice were used. Group 1 consisted of intact mice. Hepatocarcinoma cells 29 (HCC-29) were transplanted into the right thigh muscle of animals group 2.

[PERIPHERAL LYMPHOID STRUCTURES: FORMATION AND FUNCTION].

The problem of the formation of new lymphoid structures (neolymphogenesis) is quite controversial and widely discussed in the literature. Under normal conditions, lymphoid organs arise only in the process of fetal development (organogenesis), however in long-standing chronic inflammatory processes, nonhealing wounds, autoimmune diseases, oncologic pathology spontaneous formation of new lymphoid structures was noted. The structures of the peripheral lymphoid formations include the lymphocytes arranged singly and in clusters (infiltration), lymphoid nodules and lymph nodes.

Lymph Region in the Female Internal Reproductive Organs during the Early Postpartum Period after Normal Pregnancy.

The structural and functional changes in the lymph region of the female internal reproductive organs in rats were studied during the early postpartum period after normal pregnancy. The results indicated that the main role of the lymph region in pregnancy consisted in supporting sufficient lymph production and drainage in the hypertrophic uterus.

Morphological Criteria of Cell Differentiation Stages in Experimental Hepatocarcinoma and Evaluation of Antitumor Drug Efficiency.

Structural polymorphism of 5 cell differentiation stages of hepatocarcinoma-29 from ascitic fluid is detected and the morphological criteria for identification of these stages are defined on the base of optic and electron microscopy findings, cytofluorometry, and DNA cytometry. The percentage of cells at differentiation stages 4 and 5 in the tumor structure increases after hepatocarcinoma cell inoculation into the hip. Injection of a cell cycle-modulating substance to animals with tumor growth shifts the proportion of cells with various differentiation stages.

[Effects of lithium carbonate nanosized particles on oxidant-antioxidant status in tumor tissue of hepatocarcinoma-29].

Oxidant-antioxidant status in tumor tissue of male-mice CBA at spontaneous course of hepatocarcinoma-29 and after repeated injections of lithium carbonate nanosized particles was evaluated on changes of lipid peroxidation (LPO) products level reacted with 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) as indicator of oxidative stress and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase enzymes as indicators of antioxidant defense by spectrophotometer <> (Bio-Rad, USA). Tumor development after hepatocarcinoma-29 cells injection into muscle right leg changed the levels of LPO activity in two-phase manner. TBA-active products content were decreased in 2,4 times in comparison with the control indicates after invasion of tumor cells, it was raised in 2,1 times at excessive tumor growth and diminished at terminal stage.

Parameters of Microcirculation in the Broad Ligament of the Uterus in Wistar Rats after Injection of Autologous Biomedical Cell Product.

We studied the effects of autologous biomedical cell product (bone marrow multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells and their conditioned media) on the parameters of the microcirculatory bed in the broad ligament of the uterus of normal Wistar rats were studied. The parameters of microcirculation and lymph drainage in the broad ligament changed in opposite directions in response to injection of autologous biomedical cell product via different routes. This fact should be taken into consideration when prescribing cell therapy for inflammatory degenerative processes in the pelvic organs.

Experiment evaluation of speckle suppression efficiency of 2D quasi-spiral M-sequence-based diffractive optical element.

The quasi-spiral 2D diffractive optical element (DOE) based on M-sequence of length N=15 is designed and manufactured. The speckle suppression efficiency by the DOE rotation is measured. The speckle suppression coefficients of 10.

Effects of Nanosized Lithium Carbonate Particles on the Functional Activity of Macrophages During Development of Hepatocarcinoma 29.

The functional activity of macrophages in response to injection of nanosized lithium carbonate particles after initiation of hepatocarcinoma 29 in male CBA mice was evaluated by the production of NO, arginase activity, and absorption of zymosan granules. In intact animals, NO production by peritoneal macrophages increased by 4 times and arginase activity 3.1 times in response to a single injection of nanosized particles into the hip muscle.

[THE STRUCTURE OF LYMPHATIC CAPILLARIES OF THE CILIARY BODY OF THE HUMAN EYE].

Using light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy, the structural organization of interstitial spaces and vessels of the ciliary body of the human eye (n = 5) were studied. The ciliary body was found to contain wide interstitial spaces--tissue clefts bound by collagen fibers and fibroblasts. Organ-specific lymphatic capillaries were also demonstrated in the ciliary body.

Lymphatic region of the uterus and adnexa during pregnancy after inflammation of internal genital organs.

We studied the course and outcome of pregnancy in the model of inflammation of internal genital organs in female rats. It was shown that inflammation of internal genital organs impairing the state of the lymphatic region of the uterus and adnexa and relationship between the drainage and detoxification function therein have severe negative effects on the reproductive function. After experimental inflammation, reproductive function was not impaired in 20 females (48.

Thymus in experimental carcinogenesis of the prostate gland.

We studied structural changes in the prostate gland, thymus, and lymph nodes in CBA mice after transplantation of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells into the prostate gland. On experimental day 5, the number of blood and lymph vessels decreased in the gland; the percentage of connective tissue elements and glandular tissue and the number of immunoblasts in the thymus increased. On day 18, the number of blood vessels in the tumor decreased; the width of the cortex and glandular tissue increased in the thymus, while the number of immunoblasts was reduced.

Effects of nanosized lithium carbonate particles on intact muscle tissue and tumor growth.

The effects of nanosized lithium carbonate particles on muscle tissue structure and development of experimental hepatocarcinoma-29 transplanted into the hip were studied in CBA mice. Necrotic changes in all structural components of the muscle were detected after intramuscular injection of nanosized lithium carbonate particles to intact animals. Regeneration of the muscle fibers after lithium carbonate treatment was associated with a significant increase in macrophage count, number of microvessels, activation of fibroblasts, and complete recovery of the organ structure.

3D holographic printer: fast printing approach.

This article describes the general operation principles of devices for synthesized holographic images such as holographic printers. Special emphasis is placed on the printing speed. In addition, various methods to increase the printing process are described and compared.

Echelette optical low-pass filter as a Bangerter filter for diagnosis and treatment of amblyopia and diplopia.

This paper presents a new echelette optical low-pass filter that serves as a Bangerter filter (BF) for diagnosis and treatment of amblyopia and diplopia. Theoretical analysis and experimental measurements showed that echelette BFs have several advantages over the modern BFs used in medicine. Four echelette BFs with different grating periods and one BF were manufactured, and image blurring in an optical visual system with an echelette BF was experimentally investigated.

Expression of intracellular molecular apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 in the liver in isolated and combined exposure to 24-h illumination and industrial frequency magnetic field.

We studied the effect of isolated and combined exposure to 24-h illumination and industrial frequency magnetic field on the expression of intracellular molecular apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 in the liver. Previous experiments showed enhanced expression of Bcl-2 protein in liver cells in animals maintained under conditions of 24-h illumination, whereas exposure to industrial frequency magnetic field had practically no effect on this process. Under conditions of combined exposure to 24-h illumination and industrial frequency magnetic field, magnetic field partially suppressed the expression of Bcl-2 induced by 24-h illumination.

Basal induction of cytochrome P-450 1A1/1A2 in cells of the liver, small intestinal villi, and lymph nodes in rats.

Rat liver, small intestinal wall, mesenteric, mediastinal, and popliteal lymph nodes of rats were studied by indirect immunoperoxidase method with monoclonal antibodies to cytochrome P-450 1A1/1A2. These cytochrome forms were detected in low concentrations in hepatocytes, macrophages of the small intestinal villi and mesenteric and mediastinal lymph nodes of intact animals. Basal induction of monooxygenase enzymes can be caused by cytochrome inductors entering with air (environmental pollution) or food.

Hemolymphomicrocirculatory bed of the pancreas during acute experimental pancreatitis.

Histochemical study of rat pancreas was carried out on days 14 and 30 of acute pancreatitis. The area of the stroma increased after damage and the area of lymph microcirculatory component increased in comparison with the blood circulation component.

The possibility of cytochrome P450 1A1/1A2 induction in cells of distant lymph nodes of rats after enteral treatment with benzo[a]pyrene.

The mesenteric, mediastinal, and popliteal lymph nodes of rats were studied by indirect immunoperoxidase method using monoclonal antibodies to cytochrome P450 1A1/1A2 after oral treatment with benzo[a]pyrene. These cytochrome forms were detected in monocytes, macrophages, reticular and littoral cells, cell detritus, and liquid contents of the paracortical and medullary sinuses of all studied lymph nodes. The results indicate that exo- and endogenous toxic substances are oxidized not only in the liver, but also in lymph nodes.