Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Intradialytic Hypertension.

Introduction: Intradialytic hypertension with a prevalence of 15% among hemodialysis patients is with unknown pathophysiology, demographic, laboratoiy and clinical characteristic of patients, and it's influence on longtenn clinical effects (cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, rate of hospitalization). The aim of the study is to present the clinical, laboratoiy and demographic characteristics of patients with intradialytic hypertension in our dialysis center.

Materials And Methods: Out of 110 hemodialysis patients, 17 patients (15,45%) had intradialytic hypertension - started at a systolic pressure greater than 140 nun Hg or had an increase in systolic pressure more than 10 mm Hg during the session, and 17 patients were nonnotensive or had a drop in blood pressure dining the dialysis.

Hypercalcemia as a Cause of Kidney Failure: Case Report.

Background: Hypercalcemia is a common manifestation in clinical practice and occurs as a result of primary hyperparathyroidism, malignancy, milk-alkali syndrome, hyper or hypothyroidism, sarcoidosis and other known and unknown causes. Patients with milk-alkali syndrome typically are presented with renal failure, hypercalcemia, and metabolic alkalosis caused by the ingestion of calcium and absorbable alkali. This syndrome is caused by high intake of milk and sodium bicarbonate.

The Impact of Treatment with Beta-Blockers upon Mortality in Chronic Heart Failure Patients.

Background: Besides the conventional therapy for heart failure, the diuretics, cardiac glycosides and ACE-inhibitors, current pharmacotherapy includes beta-blockers, mainly because of their pathophysiological mechanisms upon heart remodeling.

Aim: The study objective was to assess the cardiovascular mortality in the beta-blocker therapy group and to correlate it with the mortality in the control group as well as to correlate the combined outcome of death and/or hospitalization for cardiovascular reason between the two groups.

Materials And Methods: The study included 113 chronic heart failure patients followed up for a period of 18 months.

Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) became a new epidemic of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the leading causes of end-stage renal failure as a result of the diabetes epidemic worldwide.

Aim: The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of CKD in the Republic of Macedonia and its association with diabetes mellitus.