Validity and reliability of the transculturally adapted Spanish version of the Implementation Leadership Scale (ILS).

Background: There is a need for pragmatic and reliable measures of sound factors that affect evidence-based practice (EBP) adoption and implementation in different languages and cultural environments. The Implementation Leadership Scale (ILS) is a brief and efficient measurement tool of strategic leadership for EBP implementation. The objective of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the ILS.

COVID-19 in young and middle-aged adults: predictors of poor outcome and clinical differences.

Introduction: Young and middle-aged adults are the largest group of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and some of them develop severe disease.

Objective: To investigate clinical manifestations in adults aged 18-65 years hospitalized for COVID-19 and identify predictors of poor outcome. Secondary objectives: to explore differences compared to the disease in elderly patients and the suitability of the commonly used community-acquired pneumonia prognostic scales in younger populations.

Dependency of the remnant I-NaI biokinetics on the administered activity in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer.

Purpose: To study the dependency of the effective half-life on the administered activity and the correlation between the time-integrated activity and the remnant uptake at 2d and 7d in patients treated for DTC with 1.11 GBq, 3.7 GBq or 5.

Non-bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia: general characteristics and early predictive factors for poor outcome.

Nowadays, most cases of pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia (PCAP) are diagnosed by positive urinary antigen. Our aims were to analyse process of care in patients hospitalised with non-bacteremic PCAP (NB-PCAP) and identify factors associated with poor outcome (PO) in this population. We conducted a prospective study, including patients hospitalised for NB-PCAP (positive urinary antigen and negative blood culture) over a 15 year period.

Cognitive improvement of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in schizophrenia.

Background: Schizophrenia is a severe, persistent mental disorder, and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Cognitive impairments presented in schizophrenia lead to a worse prognostic, thus treatments targeted to enhance cognition in schizophrenia may be clinically relevant.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors as add-on medication to antipsychotics on cognition in patients with schizophrenia.

Pharmacoepigenetics in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: involvement of miRNA polymorphisms in hepatotoxicity.

Aim: Hepatotoxicity is one of the most common drug-related toxicities during the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Many genes involved in liver-specific signaling pathways are tightly controlled by miRNAs, and miRNA function could be modulated by SNPs. As a consequence, we hypothesized that variants in miRNAs could be associated with drug-induced hepatotoxicity.

Mir-pharmacogenetics of Vincristine and peripheral neurotoxicity in childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Vincristine (VCR), an important component of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) therapy, can cause sensory and motor neurotoxicity. This neurotoxicity could lead to dose reduction or treatment discontinuation, which could in turn reduce survival. In this line, several studies associated peripheral neurotoxicity and polymorphisms in genes involved in pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of VCR.

Causes of Death in an Acute Psychiatric Inpatient Unit of a Portuguese General Hospital.

Introduction: Psychiatric patients are at increased risk of death from a number of natural and unnatural causes. This study examines the mortality causes of all psychiatric inpatients of an acute psychiatric unit at a general hospital in Portugal for sixteen years (1998 to 2013).

Material And Methods: Twenty-one inpatients died at the inpatient unit between 1998 and 2013 (average 1.

Efficacy of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Bipolar Disorder with Mixed Features.

Introduction. Mixed states represent a frequent presentation of bipolar disorder, associated with higher resistance to psychopharmacology. Limited evidence supports the use of ECT in these patients.

Toronto alexithymia scale for patients with eating disorder: [corrected] performance using the non-parametric item response theory.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the performance of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) in patients with eating disorders. As a secondary objective, we analyzed a subset of items in order to determine whether the total score is a good tool for classifying these patients and whether the items are ordered according to the difficulty of choosing a particular answer depending on the severity of the patient's condition.

Subjects And Methods: We administered the TAS-20 to 103 consecutive patients who met DSM-IV-R criteria for anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or eating disorders not otherwise specified.

Characteristics of frequent users of an acute psychiatric inpatient unit: a five-year study in Portugal.

Objective: This study examined demographic and clinical characteristics of frequent users of a psychiatric inpatient unit in Portugal.

Methods: Data (2004-2008) for 1,348 consecutive psychiatric inpatients were reviewed. Frequent users (N=137), who had at least three admissions in the study period, were compared with nonfrequent users (N=1,211) on age, gender, race-ethnicity, diagnosis, and compulsory admissions.

Unidimensional 12-item Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview for the assessment of dementia caregivers' burden obtained by item response theory.

Objectives: To develop a one-dimensional version of the 22-item Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview (ZBI) by applying item response theory approaches.

Methods: The answers to the 22-item ZBI of 241 caregivers participating in a clinical trial were analyzed 1) with a Mokken nonparametric item response theory analysis to ascertain the dimensional structure underlying the scale and obtain a one-dimensional reduced version, 2) with the Samejima's graded response model to assess the item characteristics of the reduced version, and 3) with confirmatory factor analysis to confirm the unidimensionality of the reduced ZBI version and assess the item loadings to the burden latent variable.

Results: Mokken analysis resulted in a major one-dimensional scale comprising 12 items directly related with burden.

An OCD patient presenting with a cerebellum venous variant in a family with a strong schizophrenia loading: a case report.

The role of cerebellar pathology in psychiatric symptoms has long been recognized. Cerebellar pathology has been associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder pathophysiology, particularly with compulsive hoarding. Likewise, some cerebellum abnormalities have been described in schizophrenia, as well as in comorbidity between obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizophrenia.

Depressive dimensions and item response analysis of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 in eating disorders.

Background: Most patients having eating disorders (EDs) experience depressive symptoms. To date, there have been few reports about the different depressive dimensions in EDs.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the dimensions of depressive symptoms and highlight the distribution of the symptoms.

Can we really accelerate and enhance the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant effect? A randomized clinical trial and a meta-analysis of pindolol in nonresistant depression.

Objective: Since depression entails not only dramatic personal disruption but also a huge amount of medical and socioeconomic burden, slowness of antidepressant action and difficulties to attain remission are entangled issues to be solved. Given the controversial previous findings with enhancing strategies such as pindolol, we examined whether the speed of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) action can be truly accelerated with optimized pindolol dosage. Additionally, we aimed at elucidating whether pindolol benefits emerge, particularly in a population with nonresistant depression.

[Portuguese translation of Alistair Munro's criteria for paraphrenia].

The current concept of paraphrenia has its historical origins in Emil Kraepelin's work. Several factors, however, contributed to the fading out of this disorder, namely the follow-up study of W. Mayer, the influences of Bleuler and of some related concepts, such as Roth's late paraphrenia.

48,XXYY in a General Adult Psychiatry Department.

The 48,XXYY syndrome is a distinct clinical and genetic entity, with an incidence of 1:17,000 to 1:50,000 newborns. Patients often access mental healthcare services due to behavior problems, such as aggressiveness and impulsiveness, and are frequently intellectually disabled. We report a case of a patient with 48,XXYY syndrome treated in a general adult psychiatry department.

[The use of opium in Roman society and the dependence of Princeps Marcus Aurelius].

Opium was known and frequently used in Roman society. Medical practice recognized its usefulness as an analgesic, soporific, anti-tussic or anti-diarrheic agent, as well as other currently unsupported uses with quasi-magical properties. It was additionally used as an ingredient in antidotes, panaceas and poisons.

[Ethics, knowledge and psychiatry: in Aulus Cornelius Celsus' De Medicina].

Modern medicine has many roots on greco-roman practice of the medical art. The authors analyse the work De Medicina by Aulus Cornelius Celsus. They look upon the nature of the medical knowledge, the principles of ethics, causality and describe the mental disorders (phrenitis, depression, third insanity, seizure disorder and womb disease), with special detail to signs and symptoms, treatment and prognosis.