Publications by authors named "Borja Mora Peris"
Article Synopsis
- A study focused on 42 individuals with unclear HIV status found that most were HIV elite controllers, meaning they can suppress the virus without treatment.
- The research confirmed HIV infection in 30 participants and excluded it in 10, while 2 remained unconfirmed, with elite controllers showing normal immune cell counts.
- The study highlights the need for more research on different molecular categories within elite controllers, as 95% of the HIV statuses were resolved during the investigation.*
Objectives: HTLV-1 is predominantly a sexually-transmitted infection but testing is not mentioned in HIV-PrEP guidelines. We ascertained HTLV-1/HTLV-2 seroprevalence amongst HIV-PrEP users in England.
Methods: An unlinked anonymous seroprevalence study.
Article Synopsis
- A 48-year-old man with poorly controlled HIV experienced severe human monkeypox (hMPXV) infection, leading to painful lesions and complications like Ludwig's angina after incomplete treatment with tecovirimat.
- He was treated with intravenous cidofovir (not officially approved for hMPXV), which resulted in significant improvement after the first dose; he received multiple doses and was discharged after 52 days.
- Cidofovir's use for hMPXV is limited to animal studies and a few documented cases, highlighting the urgent need for more research on its effectiveness and proper treatment protocols.
Article Synopsis
- Since May 2022, there has been a notable rise in human monkeypox virus cases, particularly through human-to-human transmission in nonendemic countries, prompting a study to better understand the characteristics of affected patients.
- The study included 140 patients, half of whom tested positive for monkeypox; findings showed that the majority of positive cases were cis-males who identified as gay or bisexual, with lymphadenopathy and specific rash locations linked to higher positivity rates.
- The data suggests a need for targeted management strategies in the LGBTQ+ community and supports the use of virtual ward follow-ups in addressing the outbreak.
Background: Historically, human monkeypox virus cases in the UK have been limited to imported infections from west Africa. Currently, the UK and several other countries are reporting a rapid increase in monkeypox cases among individuals attending sexual health clinics, with no apparent epidemiological links to endemic areas. We describe demographic and clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with human monkeypox virus attending a sexual health centre.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBetween 7 and 25 May, 86 monkeypox cases were confirmed in the United Kingdom (UK). Only one case is known to have travelled to a monkeypox virus (MPXV) endemic country. Seventy-nine cases with information were male and 66 reported being gay, bisexual, or other men who have sex with men.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDifferent antiretroviral therapies (ARTs) may have differing effects on central nervous system (CNS) function. We assessed CNS pharmacodynamic effects of switching integrase inhibitors in people-with-HIV (PWH). PWH on tenofovir-DF/emtricitabine plus raltegravir 400 mg twice daily with suppressed plasma HIV RNA and without overt neuropsychiatric symptoms were randomly allocated on a 1:2 basis to remain on raltegravir or switch to dolutegravir 50 mg once daily for 120 days.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe assessed changes in functional connectivity by fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) and cognitive measures in otherwise neurologically asymptomatic people with HIV (PWH) switching combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). In a prospective study (baseline and follow-up after at least 4 months), virologically suppressed PWH switched non-nuclease reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI; tenofovir-DF/emtricitabine with efavirenz to rilpivirine) and integrase-strand-transfer inhibitors (INSTI; tenofovir-DF/emtricitabine with raltegravir to dolutegravir). PWH were assessed by resting-state fMRI and stop-signal reaction time (SSRT) task fMRI as well as with a cognitive battery (CogState™) at baseline and follow-up.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe present a case of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in the context of disseminated cytomegalovirus (CMV) viraemia in a 50-year-old man with well-controlled HIV infection and ulcerative colitis (UC), for which he was receiving azathioprine. Peak CMV viral load was 371 000 copies/ml with evidence of end-organ CMV in the lungs and colon. A bone marrow biopsy showed evidence of haemophagocytosis of platelets, neutrophils and erythrocytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Maraviroc-intensified antiretroviral therapy (ART) may be associated with cognitive benefits.
Methods: Therapy-naive, cognitively asymptomatic, HIV-positive individuals were randomly allocated on a 1 : 1 basis to standard ART (Arm1: tenofovir-emtricitabine and atazanavir/ritonavir) or maraviroc intensified ART (Arm2: abacavir-lamivudine and darunavir/ritonavir/maraviroc). Over 48 weeks, detailed assessments of cognitive function tests were undertaken and cerebral metabolites measured using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Background: Cognitive function is reported to improve after the initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Data on the evolution of such changes are limited. We assessed the dynamics of changes in cognitive parameters, in HIV-positive subjects initiating cART.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Non-invasive biomarkers to monitor cerebral function in treated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease are required. Cerebral metabolite ratios (CMRs) measured by proton-MR spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) are a potential biomarker. Here, we compare two post-processing software packages to quantify CMRs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHIV-1 CNS in vitro infectivity models based on clinical CSF samples.
J Antimicrob Chemother
January 2016
Background: The concentration of antiretrovirals in CSF is often utilized as a surrogate for CNS drug exposure. This measurement does not consider pharmacodynamic or combinative effects of ART. We have developed a novel endpoint measurement to assess antiretroviral activity of CSF from subjects on ART.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Antiretroviral safety and efficacy and may differ in older versus younger HIV-infected patients. The objective of this study was to assess the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile in older HIV-infected subjects (>60 years) switching combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) to a raltegravir (RAL) containing regimen.
Methods: Nineteen HIV-infected patients over 60 years of age on effective cART (HIV-RNA < 50 copies/ml) were enrolled in this prospective 24-week study.
Objectives: Boceprevir is a first-generation direct-acting antiviral licensed for the treatment of hepatitis C infection. Sildenafil is an oral therapy for erectile dysfunction. As boceprevir is a potent inhibitor of CYP3A4, potential pharmacokinetic interactions may occur when it is coadministered with sildenafil.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Pharmacokinetic parameters following modifications to antiretroviral therapy and sanctuary site exposure are often unknown for recently licensed antiretrovirals. We assessed plasma, CSF and seminal plasma (SP) exposure of rilpivirine after switching from nevirapine.
Methods: HIV-infected male subjects receiving tenofovir/emtricitabine/nevirapine (245/200/400 mg) once daily switched to tenofovir/emtricitabine/rilpivirine (245/200/25 mg) once daily for 60 days when CSF and semen samples were collected.
Background: Once-daily nucleoside-sparing combination antiretroviral therapy regimens are attractive options for the treatment of HIV infection. However, the pharmacokinetic profiles of such regimens are often not established.
Methods: HIV-infected subjects receiving 245/200 mg of tenofovir/emtricitabine plus 800/100 mg of darunavir/ritonavir once daily with plasma HIV RNA <50 copies/mL were eligible.