The triad of physical activity: An optimal combination for cardiovascular health.

The combination of moderate to vigorous physical activity with muscle-strengthening physical activity is increasingly recognized for its significant impact on cardiovascular health. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence to compare the cardiovascular benefits of combined physical activity versus singular forms, especially in primary prevention. The main focus is on hormonal, nervous, genetic, and molecular adaptations, critical mechanisms underlying the body's response to physical activity.

Associations of adiposity and device-measured physical activity with cancer incidence: UK Biobank prospective cohort study.

Background: High adiposity and low physical activity are associated with cancer risk. Whether different amounts and intensities of physical activity can mitigate this association is unclear. We aimed to examine the independent and combined associations of adiposity and device-measured physical activity levels of different intensities with cancer incidence and mortality.

Movement Mediates the Relationship Between Socioeconomic Position and Socioemotional Outcomes in Youth.

Background: Youth from lower socioeconomic positions tend to have poorer socioemotional outcomes, be less physically active, have poorer sleep, and engage in more screen time than their peers from higher socioeconomic positions. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that movement behaviors (ie, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep) and changes in combinations of movement behaviors over time (movement trajectories) mediate the relationship between socioeconomic position and socioemotional outcomes in youth.

Methods: This study used socioeconomic position data, scores from Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires, and time-use diaries from 980 females and 1014 males (2% Australian Indigenous) aged 10-14 from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children from 2014 to 2018.

Device-Measured 24-Hour Movement Behaviors and Blood Pressure: A 6-Part Compositional Individual Participant Data Analysis in the ProPASS Consortium.

Background: Blood pressure (BP)-lowering effects of structured exercise are well-established. Effects of 24-hour movement behaviors captured in free-living settings have received less attention. This cross-sectional study investigated associations between a 24-hour behavior composition comprising 6 parts (sleeping, sedentary behavior, standing, slow walking, fast walking, and combined exercise-like activity [eg, running and cycling]) and systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP).

Device-measured vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity (VILPA) and major adverse cardiovascular events: evidence of sex differences.

Background: Vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity (VILPA) refers to brief bouts of intense physical activity embedded into daily life.

Objective: To examine sex differences in the dose-response association of VILPA with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and its subtypes.

Methods: Using multivariable-adjusted cubic splines, we examined the associations of daily VILPA duration with overall MACE and its subtypes (incident myocardial infarction, heart failure and stroke) among non-exercisers (individuals self-reporting no leisure-time exercise and no more than one recreational walk per week) in the UK Biobank.

Enhancing clinical and public health interpretation of accelerometer-assessed physical activity with age-referenced values based on UK Biobank data.

Background: Higher accelerometer-assessed volume and intensity of physical activity (PA) have been associated with a longer life expectancy but can be difficult to translate into recommended doses of PA. We aimed to: (a) improve interpretability by producing UK Biobank age-referenced centiles for PA volume and intensity; (b) inform public-health messaging by examining how adding recommended quantities of moderate and vigorous PA affect PA volume and intensity.

Methods: 92,480 UK Biobank participants aged 43-80 years with wrist-worn accelerometer data were included.

Dose-response associations of the American Heart Association's new "Life's essential 8" metrics with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in a nationally representative sample from the United States.

Background: Our aim was to examine the prospective dose-response associations of American Heart Association's (AHA) LIFE's Essential 8 (LE8) score and number of cardiovascular health (CVH) factors with high score with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) related mortality.

Methods: We pooled 6 consecutive waves of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) comprising rounds between 2007 and 2008 and 2017-2018. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) and conducted restricted cubic splines models to assess the dose-response association of LE8 score and CVH factors with all-cause and CVD mortality.

Daily steps and all-cause mortality: An umbrella review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to describe the variability in estimates of the association of daily steps and all-cause mortality in systematic reviews with meta-analyses, to identify the factors potentially responsible for it, and to provide an updated estimate.

Methods: Five databases were systematically searched up to May 2024 to identify systematic reviews with meta-analyses and prospective cohort studies. A qualitative synthesis of previous reviews and an updated meta-analysis of cohort studies were performed.

Feasibility and acceptability of a cohort study baseline data collection of device-measured physical behaviors and cardiometabolic health in Saudi Arabia: expanding the Prospective Physical Activity, Sitting and Sleep consortium (ProPASS) in the Middle East.

Background: Physical behaviors such physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep are associated with mortality, but there is a lack of epidemiological data and knowledge using device-measured physical behaviors.

Purpose: To assess the feasibility of baseline data collection using the Prospective Physical Activity, Sitting, and Sleep consortium (ProPASS) protocols in the specific context of Saudi Arabia. ProPASS is a recently developed global platform for collaborative research that aims to harmonize retrospective and prospective data on device-measured behaviors and health.

Occupational physical activity, all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer mortality in 349,248 adults: Prospective and longitudinal analyses of the MJ Cohort.

Background: Evidence on the health benefits of occupational physical activity (OPA) is inconclusive. We examined the associations of baseline OPA and OPA changes with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality and survival times.

Methods: This study included prospective and longitudinal data from the MJ Cohort, comprising adults over 18 years recruited in 1998-2016, 349,248 adults (177,314 women) with baseline OPA, of whom 105,715 (52,503 women) had 2 OPA measures at 6.

Do the associations of daily steps with mortality and incident cardiovascular disease differ by sedentary time levels? A device-based cohort study.

Objectives: This study aims to examine the associations of daily step count with all-cause mortality and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) by sedentary time levels and to determine if the minimal and optimal number of daily steps is modified by high sedentary time.

Methods: Using data from the UK Biobank, this was a prospective dose-response analysis of total daily steps across low (<10.5 hours/day) and high (≥10.

Effect of exercise for depression: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Objective: To identify the optimal dose and modality of exercise for treating major depressive disorder, compared with psychotherapy, antidepressants, and control conditions.

Design: Systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Methods: Screening, data extraction, coding, and risk of bias assessment were performed independently and in duplicate.

Association of physical behaviours with sarcopenia in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Background: Physical behaviours (ie, physical activity and sedentary behaviour) might have a role in the development of sarcopenia, although the evidence is unclear. We aimed to explore the association of total and intensity-specific levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour with sarcopenia and its components (ie, muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance) in older adults.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis and searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to July 26, 2022, for peer-reviewed, observational studies or baseline data from randomised clinical trials conducted in older adults (ie, individual age ≥60 years or mean age ≥65 years) and published in English that reported on the association of physical activity or sedentary behaviour or both with sarcopenia (or its determinants: muscle mass or strength, and physical performance).

Optimal Dose and Type of Physical Activity to Improve Glycemic Control in People Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: The optimal dose or type of physical activity to control glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in people with diabetes remains unknown. Current guidelines do not include consideration of baseline HbA1c for activity prescription.

Purpose: To examine the dose-response relationship between physical activity and HbA1c (%) in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Moderate and vigorous leisure time physical activity in older adults and Alzheimer's disease-related mortality in the USA: a dose-response, population-based study.

Background: Data for the dose-response associations of moderate physical activity (MPA) and vigorous physical activity (VPA) with Alzheimer's disease-related mortality are scarce. We aimed to examine the prospective associations of such activity with Alzheimer's disease-related mortality.

Methods: In this dose-response, population-based study, we pooled data from 22 consecutive waves of the US National Health Interview Survey (from 1997 to 2018).

Global prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors based on the Life's Essential 8 score: an overview of systematic reviews and meta-analysis.

Cardiovascular health (CVH) is a critical issue for global health. However, no previous study has determined the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors based on the American Heart Association's (AHA) Life's Essential 8 (LE8). Therefore, we aimed to estimate the global prevalence of the eight cardiovascular risk factors identified in the LE8.

An umbrella review of the benefits and risks associated with youths' interactions with electronic screens.

The influence of electronic screens on the health of children and adolescents and their education is not well understood. In this prospectively registered umbrella review (PROSPERO identifier CRD42017076051 ), we harmonized effects from 102 meta-analyses (2,451 primary studies; 1,937,501 participants) of screen time and outcomes. In total, 43 effects from 32 meta-analyses met our criteria for statistical certainty.

Joint associations of device-measured physical activity and abdominal obesity with incident cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study.

Objective: To examine the joint associations between physical activity and abdominal obesity with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events.

Methods: We included 70 830 UK Biobank participants (mean age±SD=61.6 ± 7.

Dose-response association between cardiovascular health and mortality in cancer survivors.

Background: There is little knowledge on the dose-response association between cardiovascular health (CVH) and risk of all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer deaths among cancer survivors.

Aims: We aimed to examine the dose-response association of CVH with all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality.

Methods: A total of 1701 US adult cancer survivors were followed-up during a median of 7.