Transcriptomic sequence dataset of a potential new model species for studying biomineralization (Nudibranchia, Gastropoda, Mollusca).

is a widespread shell-less species of nudibranch molluscs, which has unique for Gastropoda skeletal elements - subepidermal calcite spicules. The general and fine morphology of the spicules, as well as their maturation process in ontogenesis, have been studied in detail by authors. The uniqueness of spicules lies in their intracellular formation and location under the ectodermal epithelium, which is more typical for deuterostomes.

A broad-taxa approach as an important concept in ecotoxicological studies and pollution monitoring.

Aquatic invertebrates play a pivotal role in (eco)toxicological assessments because they offer ethical, cost-effective and repeatable testing options. Additionally, their significance in the food chain and their ability to represent diverse aquatic ecosystems make them valuable subjects for (eco)toxicological studies. To ensure consistency and comparability across studies, international (eco)toxicology guidelines have been used to establish standardised methods and protocols for data collection, analysis and interpretation.

Novel protein from larval sponge cells, ilborin, is related to energy turnover and calcium binding and is conserved among marine invertebrates.

Sponges (phylum Porifera) are early-branching animals, whose outwardly simple body plan is underlain by a complex genetic repertoire. The transition from a mobile larva to an attached filter-feeding organism occurs by metamorphosis, a process accompanied by a radical change of the body plan and cell transdifferentiation. The continuity between larval cells and adult tissues is still obscure.

A pan-metazoan concept for adult stem cells: the wobbling Penrose landscape.

Adult stem cells (ASCs) in vertebrates and model invertebrates (e.g. Drosophila melanogaster) are typically long-lived, lineage-restricted, clonogenic and quiescent cells with somatic descendants and tissue/organ-restricted activities.

Expression of Wnt and TGF-Beta Pathway Components during Whole-Body Regeneration from Cell Aggregates in Demosponge .

The phenomenon of whole-body regeneration means rebuilding of the whole body of an animal from a small fragment or even a group of cells. In this process, the old axial relationships are often lost, and new ones are established. An amazing model for studying this process is sponges, some of which are able to regenerate into a definitive organism after dissociation into cells.

Whole-Body Regeneration in Sponges: Diversity, Fine Mechanisms, and Future Prospects.

While virtually all animals show certain abilities for regeneration after an injury, these abilities vary greatly among metazoans. Porifera (Sponges) is basal metazoans characterized by a wide variety of different regenerative processes, including whole-body regeneration (WBR). Considering phylogenetic position and unique body organization, sponges are highly promising models, as they can shed light on the origin and early evolution of regeneration in general and WBR in particular.

Spatial separation of degenerate components of magnon Bose-Einstein condensate by using a local acceleration potential.

Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of magnons is one of the few macroscopic quantum phenomena observable at room temperature. Due to the competition of the exchange and the magnetic dipole interactions, the minimum-energy magnon state is doubly degenerate and corresponds to two antiparallel non-zero wavevectors. Correspondingly, the room-temperature magnon BEC differs essentially from other condensates, since it takes place simultaneously at ± k.

Proliferating activity in a bryozoan lophophore.

Bryozoans are small benthic colonial animals; their colonies consist of zooids which are composed of a cystid and polypide. According to morphological and molecular data, three classes of bryozoans are recognized: Phylactolaemata, Gymnolaemata and Stenolaemata. Bryozoans are active suspension feeders and their feeding apparatus, the lophophore, is fringed with a single row of ciliated tentacles.

Direct evidence of spatial stability of Bose-Einstein condensate of magnons.

Bose-Einstein condensation of magnons is one of few macroscopic quantum phenomena observed at room temperature. Since its discovery, it became an object of intense research, which led to the observation of many exciting phenomena such as quantized vortices, second sound, and Bogolyubov waves. However, it remained unclear what physical mechanisms can be responsible for the spatial stability of the magnon condensate.

Specialized structures on the border between rhizocephalan parasites and their host's nervous system reveal potential sites for host-parasite interactions.

Rhizocephalan barnacles are a unique group of endoparasitic crustaceans. In their extreme adaptation to endoparasitism, rhizocephalan adults have lost almost all features of their free-living relatives but acquired an outstanding degree of control over the body of their hosts (mostly decapods). The subtle influence exercised by rhizocephalans on the physiology, morphology and behaviour of their hosts is a vivid example of the most intimate host-parasite interactions but their mechanisms are very poorly known.

Excitation of coherent second sound waves in a dense magnon gas.

Second sound is a quantum mechanical effect manifesting itself as a wave-like (in contrast with diffusion) heat transfer, or energy propagation, in a gas of quasi-particles. So far, this phenomenon has been observed only in an equilibrium gas of phonons existing in liquid/solid helium, or in dielectric crystals (Bi, NaF) at low temperatures. Here, we report observation of a room-temperature magnonic second sound, or a wave-like transport of both energy and spin angular momentum, in a quasi-equilibrium gas of magnons undergoing Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in a ferrite film.

From traveler to homebody: Which signaling mechanisms sponge larvae use to become adult sponges?

Cell-to-cell signaling is responsible for regulation of many developmental processes such as proliferation, cell migration, survival, cell fate specification and axis patterning. In this article we discussed the role of signaling in the metamorphosis of sponges with a focus on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) accompanying this event. Sponges (Porifera) are an ancient lineage of morphologically simple animals occupying a basal position on the tree of life.

Surprisingly rich repertoire of Wnt genes in the demosponge Halisarca dujardini.

Background: Wnt proteins are secreted signalling molecules found in all animal phyla. In bilaterian animals, including humans, Wnt proteins play key roles in development, maintenance of homeostasis and regeneration. While Wnt gene repertoires and roles are strongly conserved between cnidarians and bilaterians, Wnt genes from basal metazoans (sponges, ctenophores, placozoans) are difficult or impossible to assign to the bilaterian + cnidarian orthologous groups.

Transdifferentiation is a driving force of regeneration in Halisarca dujardini (Demospongiae, Porifera).

The ability to regenerate is widespread in the animal kingdom, but the regenerative capacities and mechanisms vary widely. To understand the evolutionary history of the diverse regeneration mechanisms, the regeneration processes must be studied in early-evolved metazoans in addition to the traditional bilaterian and cnidarian models. For this purpose, we have combined several microscopy techniques to study mechanisms of regeneration in the demosponge Halisarca dujardini.

Oscarella lobularis (Homoscleromorpha, Porifera) Regeneration: Epithelial Morphogenesis and Metaplasia.

Sponges are known to possess remarkable reconstitutive and regenerative abilities ranging from common wounding or body part regeneration to more impressive re-building of a functional body from dissociated cells. Among the four sponge classes, Homoscleromorpha is notably the only sponge group to possess morphologically distinct basement membrane and specialized cell-junctions, and is therefore considered to possess true epithelia. The consequence of this peculiar organization is the predominance of epithelial morphogenesis during ontogenesis of these sponges.

Oxygen doping of HTSC and resistive switching in HTSC-based heterostructures.

The studies of the bipolar resistive switching effect in thin film heterojunctions (YBa2Cu3O7-δ /Ag) and (Nd 2-x Ce x CuO4-y /Ag) have exhibited the role of oxygen as a doping element in hole- and electron-doped HTSC compounds.

Josephson effect in hybrid oxide heterostructures with an antiferromagnetic layer.

Josephson coupling between an s- and d-wave superconductor through a 50 nm thick Ca1-xSrxCuO2 antiferromagnetic layer was observed for the hybrid Nb/Au/Ca1-xSrxCuO2/YBa2Cu3O7-delta heterostructures and investigated as a function of temperature, magnetic field, and applied millimeter-wave electromagnetic radiation. The magnetic field dependence of the supercurrent I(c)(H) exhibits anomalously rapid oscillations, which is the first experimental evidence of the theoretically predicted giant magneto-oscillations in Josephson junctions with antiferromagnetic interlayers.

[Hygienic aspects in the prophylaxis of diseases caused by cold factor].

Basing on the statistical materials the authors show the priority of prophylactic measures to prevent the incidence of chill and cold in the personnel. To improve the state sanitary-and-epidemiological supervision and medical control in this area it is reasonable to supplement the methodical arsenal of medical service with detailed analysis of circumstances and causes of diseases associated with cold factor effect. Emphasizing the necessity of servicemen' systematic hygienic education concerning the collective and individual preventive measures to avoid supercooling the authors give the appropriate recommendations.

[An improvement in information support in the interests of the epidemiological health welfare of the troops].

The information acquisition, decision-making and control system must be the basic tool for optimizing the information procedures in the interests of sanitary-epidemiological welfare of troops. It's necessary to make a thorough revision of the existing account and record documentation in order to study its value. Each pattern of record cards must be scientifically substantiated depending on its effectiveness for further decision making.

[The current problems of preventing acute intestinal infections among the troops].

Russian Armed Forces Medical Service has worked out the basic trends of anti-epidemiological measures to be conducted in troops. To battle shigellosis and other acute intestinal infections of non-dysentery etiology a number of factors were taken into account, such as: methods of proliferation of these diseases, dynamics and morbidity rate, etc. The article shows the tasks of medical service during organization and execution of sanitary-epidemiological control over morbidity rate, disclosure of the causes which originate the appearance of acute intestinal infections, elaboration of proposals on the improvement of sanitary-epidemiological situation in troops, strict adherence to the rules of hygiene.

[A comparative evaluation of the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of recombinant vaccines against hepatitis B].

Controlled epidemiological studies were carried out to evaluate two recombinant vaccines against hepatitis B of Cuban and Belgian production by the parameters of reactogenicity, safety and antigenic activity. Two groups of adult subjects (n = 73 each) and two groups of children (n = 30 each) were selected among those free from hepatitis B markers carrier state. The adults were given both preparations in a dose of 20 micrograms at intervals of 0-1-4 months, and the children received 10 micrograms at 0-1-2 months.

[Biochemical changes in mouth fluid in people with acute emotional stress exposed to natural and increased radiation].

Acute emotional stress in people is followed by changes in oral fluid composition (sialic acid, components of proteolytic system, lipid of peroxidation products). The possibility to use these indices for estimation of the psychoemotional stress in people is based.

[The characteristics of providing an epidemic-control regimen in military field hospitals for minor casualties].

On the basis of the experience gained during the Great Patriotic war (1941-1945) on antiepidemic support of minimally wounded, and analysing the work of the military field hospitals for minimally wounded (HMW) the authors describe the role played by the "mixing" factor and the "local population transmission" factor upon the spreading of infectious diseases. A special attention is paid to disclosure of infectious patients during their admission to the HMW, measures towards the enhancement of their immune resistance, and strict control over sterilization of medical instruments. A proposal was made to introduce a post of sanitation physician in the organic structure of HMW.