Recovery of olfaction after sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis: A review.

Objective: Investigation of the postoperative olfactory function after sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with and without polyps in a review.

Data Sources: PubMed.

Review Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted through June 2018 using relevant keywords.

Course of olfaction after sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis.

Background: The influence of surgery on olfaction in patients who suffer from chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is still not fully understood. Most particularly, the time course of the recovery is poorly studied.

Methods: The prospective study describes the results of the Sniffin' Sticks identification test in 41 subjects before (V1), 2 weeks after (V2), and 6 months after (V3) endonasal sinus surgery (ESS).

Correlation of skin test results and specific immunoglobulin E blood levels with nasal provocation testing for house-dust mite allergies.

Background: Allergen-specific immunotherapy for house-dust mite (HDM) allergies is associated with lower success rates when compared with similar treatments for other inhalant allergens, such as grass or birch. One reason might be the greater difficulty in diagnosing patients with assumed HDM allergies because symptoms occur perennially and may differ from those of a conventional allergic rhinitis.

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the different methods of diagnosis in patients with assumed HDM allergy.

Olfaction in chemotherapy for head and neck malignancies.

Objective: Systemic chemotherapy for different malignancies occurs alongside various side effects, including reduced sensory function. To date, little is known about the effect of chemotherapeutic agents on olfaction. The aim of this study was to provide new data about changes in sense of smell during chemotherapy among patients with advanced squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck region.

Controlled trial for long-term low-dose erythromycin after sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis.

Objectives/hypothesis: The efficacy of macrolides in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is still under controversy. To date, only two double-blind, placebo-controlled studies have been published with differing results. None of these studies investigated the possible benefit of macrolides in the postoperative period.

Dysregulated survivin expression in nasal polyps of individuals with aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease.

Background: A derailed balance of cell proliferation and apoptosis is presumed to result in cell hyperplasia as a typical feature of nasal polyps. Survivin, a protein of the inhibitors of the apoptosis family is proposed to promote polyp formation. However, studies concerning survivin expression in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps are rare and the specificity of the survivin expression in nasal polyps from individuals with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) has not been investigated.

Vascular endothelial growth factor expression in nasal polyps of aspirin-intolerant patients.

Objective: To study differences between aspirin-tolerant patients and aspirin-intolerant patients concerning vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. Recent publications strongly suggest the involvement of VEGF and its receptors in the pathophysiologic process of nasal polyps.

Design: We subjected 43 polyp specimens to semiquantitative immunohistochemical analysis.

The Candy Smell Test in clinical routine.

Background: The "Candy Smell Test" (CST) has been introduced as a new testing method for the evaluation of the human sense of smell. In contrast to other established orthonasal smell tests, the CST addresses the retronasal application of odors, typical for food aroma effects during mastication and swallowing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the CST in a clinical setting in patients with olfactory dysfunction and normal controls against the Sniffin' Sticks test.

Confocal endomicroscopy: a novel application for imaging of oral and oropharyngeal mucosa in human.

Confocal endomicroscopy is an emerging technique for intravital visualization of neoplastic lesions, but its use has so far been limited to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This study was designed to assess the feasibility of in vivo confocal endomicroscopy of different regions of the oropharyngeal mucosa and to evaluate different contrast agents. We examined five different regions of the human oropharynx in vivo, and images were collected in real time by using a confocal laser endoscope as formerly described for the GI tract.

Olfactory dysfunction after head injury.

Objective: To determine the incidence of olfactory dysfunction after head trauma using clinical and radiologic findings, quantitative assessment, and electro-physiologic methods.

Participants: A total of 190 patients with head trauma of different severity (n = 32 with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI), n = 94 with signs of moderate TBI, and n = 64 with severe TBI) 6 to 32 months prior to the study.

Design: Patients were selected retrospectively, surveyed by telephone (n = 190), and screened for olfactory function with Brief Smell Identification Test (n = 82).

Objective assessment of terbinafine-induced taste loss.

Objectives: Terbinafine (Lamisil), a widely prescribed oral antifungal agent, reportedly induces taste loss in 0.6% to 2.8% of those taking the drug.

Myeloperoxidase in nasal secretion as a cell-activation marker in acute sinusitis.

Background: Acute bacterial infections of the upper respiratory tract, including the nasal sinuses, lead to an activation of neutrophil granulocytes. The protein myeloperoxidase (MPO) is released by this cell type only and therefore can act as a marker for activity of inflammation.

Methods: In a prospective multicenter study, 45 patients with acute bacterial sinusitis (diagnosed by clinical examination, ultrasonography, and X ray or computed tomography scan) were treated with two different antibiotics (Cefditoren or Cefuroxim twice a day for 10 days).