The BRAHMA-associated SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex controls Arabidopsis seed quality and physiology.

The SWI/SNF (SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable) chromatin remodeling complex is involved in various aspects of plant development and stress responses. Here, we investigated the role of BRM (BRAHMA), a core catalytic subunit of the SWI/SNF complex, in Arabidopsis thaliana seed biology. brm-3 seeds exhibited enlarged size, reduced yield, increased longevity, and enhanced secondary dormancy, but did not show changes in primary dormancy or salt tolerance.

A mass spectrometry-based peptidomic dataset of the spermosphere in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seeds.

The spermosphere, a dynamic microenvironment surrounding germinating seeds, is shaped by the complex interactions between natural compounds exuded by seeds and seed-associated microbial communities. While peptides exuded by plants are known to influence microbiota diversity, little is known about those specifically exuded by seeds. In this study, we characterised the peptidome profile of the spermosphere for the first time using seeds from eight genotypes of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) grown in two contrasting production regions.

Identification of beneficial Lebanese spp. wheat endophytes.

Wheat is one of the most important crops in the world. Its production can be influenced by a diversity of beneficial and pathogenic rhizospheric microbes, including fungi. Amongst them, beneficial spp.

Multi-Omics Approaches Unravel Specific Features of Embryo and Endosperm in Rice Seed Germination.

Seed germination and subsequent seedling growth affect the final yield and quality of the crop. Seed germination is defined as a series of processes that begins with water uptake by a quiescent dry seed and ends with the elongation of embryonic axis. Rice is an important cereal crop species, and during seed germination, two tissues function in a different manner; the embryo grows into a seedling as the next generation and the endosperm is responsible for nutritional supply.

Protein Farnesylation Takes Part in Arabidopsis Seed Development.

Protein farnesylation is a post-translational modification regulated by the (Enhanced Response to ABA 1) gene encoding the β-subunit of the protein farnesyltransferase in Arabidopsis. The mutants have been described for over two decades and exhibit severe pleiotropic phenotypes, affecting vegetative and flower development. We further investigated the development and quality of seeds.

Multi-omics Analysis Reveals Sequential Roles for ABA during Seed Maturation.

Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important hormone for seed development and germination whose physiological action is modulated by its endogenous levels. Cleavage of carotenoid precursors by 9-cis epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) and inactivation of ABA by ABA 8'-hydroxylase (CYP707A) are key regulatory metabolic steps. In Arabidopsis (), both enzymes are encoded by multigene families, having distinctive expression patterns.

PUX10 Is a CDC48A Adaptor Protein That Regulates the Extraction of Ubiquitinated Oleosins from Seed Lipid Droplets in Arabidopsis.

Postgerminative mobilization of neutral lipids stored in seed lipid droplets (LDs) is preceded by the degradation of oleosins, the major structural LD proteins that stabilize LDs in dry seeds. We previously showed that oleosins are marked for degradation by ubiquitination and are extracted from LDs before proteolysis. However, the mechanisms underlying the dislocation of these LD-anchored proteins from the LD monolayer are yet unknown.

An Integrated "Multi-Omics" Comparison of Embryo and Endosperm Tissue-Specific Features and Their Impact on Rice Seed Quality.

Although rice is a key crop species, few studies have addressed both rice seed physiological and nutritional quality, especially at the tissue level. In this study, an exhaustive "multi-omics" dataset on the mature rice seed was obtained by combining transcriptomics, label-free shotgun proteomics and metabolomics from embryo and endosperm, independently. These high-throughput analyses provide a new insight on the tissue-specificity related to rice seed quality.

Protein damage and repair controlling seed vigor and longevity.

The formation of abnormal isoaspartyl residues derived from aspartyl or asparaginyl residues is a major source of spontaneous protein misfolding in cells. The repair enzyme protein L: -isoaspartyl methyltransferase (PIMT) counteracts such damage by catalyzing the conversion of abnormal isoaspartyl residues to their normal aspartyl forms. Thus, this enzyme contributes to the survival of many organisms, including plants.

Proteomics and posttranslational proteomics of seed dormancy and germination.

The seed is the dispersal unit of plants and must survive the vagaries of the environment. It is the object of intense genetic and genomic studies because processes related to seed quality affect crop yield and the seed itself provides food for humans and animals. Presently, the general aim of postgenomics analyses is to understand the complex biochemical and molecular processes underlying seed quality, longevity, dormancy, and vigor.

New proteomic developments to analyze protein isomerization and their biological significance in plants.

Spontaneous isoaspartyl formation from aspartyl dehydration or asparaginyl deamidation is a major source of modifications in protein structures. In cells, these conformational changes could be reverted by the protein L-isoaspartyl methyltransferase (PIMT) repair enzyme that converts the isoaspartyl residues into aspartyl. The physiological importance of this metabolism has been recently illustrated in plants.

Protein repair L-isoaspartyl methyltransferase 1 is involved in both seed longevity and germination vigor in Arabidopsis.

The formation of abnormal amino acid residues is a major source of spontaneous age-related protein damage in cells. The protein l-isoaspartyl methyltransferase (PIMT) combats protein misfolding resulting from l-isoaspartyl formation by catalyzing the conversion of abnormal l-isoaspartyl residues to their normal l-aspartyl forms. In this way, the PIMT repair enzyme system contributes to longevity and survival in bacterial and animal kingdoms.

[Seed aging and survival mechanisms].

Aging and death are universal to living systems. In temperate climate latitudes the mature seeds of higher plants are exposed to aging and have developed resistance mechanisms allowing survival and plant propagation. In addition to the physicochemical properties of the seed that confer stress resistance, the protein metabolism contributes importantly to longevity mechanisms.