Ecotoxicity of doped zinc oxide nanoparticles: Perspectives on environmental safety.

Studies on the ecotoxicity of doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are recent, with the first publications starting in 2010. In this sense, this is the first study that comprehensively reviews the ecotoxicological effects of ZnO NPs doped with lanthanide elements to fill this literature gap. This research explores a multifaceted question at the intersection of nanotechnology, toxicology, and environmental science.

Ecotoxicological effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) on aquatic organisms: Current research and emerging trends.

The rapid advancement of nanotechnology has contributed to the development of several products that are being released to the consumer market without careful analysis of their potential impact on the environment. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are used in several fields and are applied in consumer products, technological innovations, and biomedicine. In this sense, this study aims to compile existing knowledge regarding the effects of ZnO-NPs on non-target organisms, with the goal of ensuring the safety of human health and the environment.

Sublethal effects of the herbicides atrazine and glyphosate at environmentally relevant concentrations on South American catfish (Rhamdia quelen) embryos.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects following exposure (96 h) of South American catfish (R. quelen) embryos to active ingredients and commercial formulations from atrazine and glyphosate, isolated and in mixtures, at environmentally relevant concentrations. While the survival rates were not affected, sublethal effects were evidenced after exposure.

Exploring food security as a multidimensional topic: twenty years of scientific publications and recent developments.

The scientific literature dealing with food security is vast and fragmented, making it difficult to understand the state of the art and potential development of scientific research on a central theme within sustainable development. The current article, starting from some milestone publications during the 1980s and 1990s about food poverty and good nutrition programmes, sets out the quantitative and qualitative aspects of a vast scientific production that could generate future food security research. It offers an overview of the topics that characterize the theoretical and empirical dimensions of food security, maps the state of the art, and highlights trends in publications' ascending and descending themes.

Effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of atrazine and glyphosate herbicides, isolated and in mixture, on two generation of the freshwater microcrustacean Daphnia magna.

The herbicides atrazine and glyphosate are used worldwide and their excessive usage results in the frequent presence of these pesticides in environmental compartments. We evaluated the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of analytical standards and commercial formulations of atrazine (2 µg L) and glyphosate (65 µg L), isolated and in mixture (2 + 65 µg L) on the microcrustacean Daphnia magna. Through chronic exposure (21 days) of two generations, we observed effects on survival, reproductive capacity and responses of the antioxidant defense system (catalase) and biotransformation system (glutathione S-transferase).

Bioethanol Production From Hydrolyzed Lignocellulosic After Detoxification Via Adsorption With Activated Carbon and Dried Air Stripping.

Bioethanol production has been presented as an alternative for supplying energy demand and minimizing greenhouse gases effects. However, due to abrasively conditions employed on the biomass during pretreatment and hydrolysis processes, inhibitors for fermentation phase such as acetic acid and others can be generated. Based on this problem, the aim of this work was to evaluate the adsorption of acetic acid on microporous activated carbon and investigate the stripping of the same component with dried air.

Transsexual parenthood and new role assumptions.

This study explores the parental role of transsexuals and compares this to common assumptions about transsexuality and parentage. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 14 male-to-female transsexuals and 14 men, half parents and half non-parents, in order to explore four thematic areas: self-representation of the parental role, the description of the transsexual as a parent, the common representations of transsexuals as a parent, and male and female parental stereotypes. We conducted thematic and lexical analyses of the interviews using Taltac2 software.

Tick control: an industry point of view.

The development of new acaricides is a long and very expensive process. Worryingly, there is increasing resistance to available acaricides worldwide leading to the real possibility that our dwindling supply of effective acaricides will be exhausted unless action is taken to increase the number of new acaricidal products and reduce the rate of resistance development. In 1995, eight major animal health pharmaceutical companies formed the Veterinary Parasite Resistance Group (VPRG) to act as an expert consultative group to guide the FAO in resistance management and collaborate in the prudent use of acaricides.

Characterisation and histopathological observations of a selected Brazilian precocious line of Eimeria acervulina.

Precocious lines of Eimeria acervulina "Cu" and "I" strains were obtained after 25 passages of oocysts in chickens that showed a shortening of the prepatent period for first oocyst output from 96 h to 81 and 82 h, respectively. Both precocious lines were evaluated for pathogenicity using as criteria weight gain, lesion score and total oocyst production. Infection of the "Cu" precocious line in chickens showed a high weight gain, low lesion score and low oocyst production, when compared to parent strain infected chickens.

Evaluation of the prophylactic effect and curative efficacy of fipronil 1% pour on (Topline) on post-castration scrotal myiasis caused by Cochliomyia hominivorax in cattle.

A field trial was carried out during a summer-fall period on a commercial beef cattle farm in Minas Gerais State, located in the Southeast of Brazil. In order to evaluate the prophylactic effect and the curative efficacy of fipronil in a 1% solution, 200 Zebu crossbred bulls, with ages varying from 20 to 30 months and weights from 233 to 362 kg, were selected. The bulls were assigned by ranked pair to an untreated control group (A) or to a treated group (B), resulting in 100 animals per group.

A survey on resistance to anthelmintics in sheep stud farms of southern Brazil.

A survey to investigate the status of anthelmintic resistance in 29 sheep studs in southern Brazil was conducted from March 1992 to December 1993. Compounds from three drug families (macrocyclic lactone, levamisole and benzimidazole) were evaluated concurrently on 22 of the 29 studs. On seven of these properties, resistance to all three families was declared or suspected; at 15 of the 22 studs, ivermectin was the only compound found to be effective in reducing faecal egg counts.