Background: Multiple inhaler triple therapy (MITT), comprising inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), long-acting beta-agonists (LABA), and long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA), has been used as an escalation treatment for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, real-world use of MITT has not been investigated in Asia, including South Korea. This study reports baseline characteristics of patients with COPD initiated on MITT in South Korea, and their treatment patterns.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The duration of antidepressant use affects the treatment of depression. Using the National Health Insurance database, which covers almost the entire national population, we verified the factors associated with the inadequate short-term use of initially prescribed antidepressants and their effects on the relapse and recurrence of depressive episodes.
Methods: There were 752,190 patients included who had been newly prescribed antidepressants in 2012 with the diagnosis of depressive disorder.
Reduced graphene oxide (RGO)/anatase TiO composite was prepared using a simple one-step technique-ultrasonic spray pyrolysis-in order to inhibit the aggregation of TiO nanoparticles and to improve the photocatalytic performance for degradation of methylene blue (MB). Different proportions (0-5 wt%) of RGO/TiO composites were characterized by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to verify mechanism. From these analysis, TiO nanoparticles are distributed uniformly on the RGO sheets with crumpled shape during ultrasonic spray pyrolysis and surface area is increasing by increasing portion of RGO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study demonstrated that asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) coupled with on-line UV and fluorescence detection (FLD) and off-line excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy can be employed to analyze the influence of microbial metabolic activity on the consumption and production of freshwater organic matter. With the AF4 system, organic matter is on-line enriched during a focusing/relaxation period, which is an essential process prior to separation. Size-fractionated chromophoric and fluorophoric organic materials were simultaneously monitored during the 30-min AF4 separation process.
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