Histone deacetylase 1 is increased in rheumatoid arthritis synovium and promotes synovial cell hyperplasia and synovial inflammation in the collagen-induced arthritis mouse model via the microRNA-124-dependent MARCKS-JAK/STAT axis.

Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease featured by synovial joint inflammation. Increasing evidence has highlighted microRNAs (miRNAs) and histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) as active participants in RA progression. Hence, the present study aims to explore the functions of HDAC1 and miR-124 on synovial cell hyperplasia and synovial inflammation in RA.