Investigation of malaria vectors Anopheles in non-endemic areas of Thailand: in proximity to workplaces housing foreign migrant workers.

Background: Foreign migrant workers from malaria-endemic regions play a critical factor in the transmission of malaria to non-endemic areas, mainly due to their mobility while seeking employment opportunities. This risk is particularly heightened in areas where malaria vectors are present.

Methods: This study aimed to investigate the malaria vectors in two sub-districts in Khon Kaen Province, known for their factory areas and the significant presence of Myanmar migrant worker communities.

Genomic analysis and virulence of human Streptococcus suis serotype 14.

Purpose: Streptococcus suis serotype 14 is the second most prevalent serotype being highly prevalent in Southeast Asia. This study aimed to characterize genetic background, population structure, virulent genes, antimicrobial-resistant genes, and virulence of human S. suis serotype 14.

Spatial prediction of the probability of liver fluke infection in water resource within sub-basin using an optimized geographically-weighted regression model.

Introduction: Infection with liver flukes (Opisthorchis viverrini) is partly attributed to their ability to thrive in sub-basin habitats, causing the intermediate host to remain within the watershed system throughout the year. It is crucial to conduct spatial monitoring of fluke infection at a small basin analysis scale as it helps in studying the spatial factors influencing these infections. The number of infected individuals was obtained from local authorities, converted into a percentage, and visually represented as raster data through a heat map.

EVALUATION OF THE CYSTICIDAL ACTIVITY OF CHLOROCRESOL AGAINST ACANTHAMOEBA POLYPHAGA.

Chlorocresol has antibacterial and antifungal properties, yet its effectiveness in eradicating Acanthamoeba spp. remains unexplored. Acanthamoeba species trophozoites are usually sensitive to biocides, whereas cysts tend to be more resistant.

Gastrointestinal Helminthic Infection among the Population in Northern Thailand.

Purpose: Gastrointestinal (GI) helminthic infections pose substantial public health threat, particularly in northern Thailand, with a heightened concern in Nan province. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of GI helminthic infections in Nan province and identify associated risk factors in local population.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2022.

Misclassification of Opisthorchis viverrini and Minute Intestinal Fluke Eggs by Routine Laboratory Staff Using Images from the Kato-Katz Method.

Background: The Kato-Katz method is a commonly used diagnostic tool for helminth infections, particularly in field studies. This method can yield inaccurate results when samples contain eggs that are similar in appearance, such as Minute Intestinal Fluke (MIF) and Opisthorchis viverrini (OV) eggs. The close resemblance of eggs can be problematic and raises the possibility of false diagnoses.

Formalin-fixed stool improves the performance of the Kato-Katz method.

Background And Aim: Parasitic infections are a public health problem worldwide, including in Thailand. An epidemiological survey for helminthiasis based on stool examination uses the Kato-Katz method as recommended by the World Health Organization. Limitations of this method include the need for fresh stool, time requirement, and lack of quality control.

Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in captive mammals at Khon Kaen Zoo, Thailand.

Background And Aim: Captive animals are susceptible to parasitic diseases due to the stress and confinement they experience. In addition, they can serve as reservoirs of zoonotic parasites that have the potential to infect humans. To investigate this possibility, we estimated the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites in captive mammals at Khon Kaen Zoo, Thailand.

Comparison of 3 DNA extraction methods for extracting DNA from an adult Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae).

The aim of this study was to compare 3 DNA extraction methods: the PureLink Genomic DNA kit, DNAzol Direct reagent, and a microwave-based method, for extracting DNA from an adult Culex quinquefasciatus by focusing on the quantity and purity of DNA, cost, and time required. Ten mosquitoes were individually used for DNA extraction by each method. Based on the results obtained, DNA was extracted from each method using specific primers, resulting in a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product with a length of 274 bp.

Reduction of carcinogens in fermented fish (pla-ra and pla-som) by heating.

Background And Aim: The risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) are opisthorchiasis and the intake of a combination of nitroso compounds through the consumption of traditionally fermented fish, which is very popular in areas where liver flukes are endemic. The incidence of CCA remains high because this cultural habit of rural people has been altered. Therefore, decreasing nitrate and nitrite concentrations in fermented fish are an alternative approach to reducing the risk of CCA.

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Apoptosis Induced by VR12684 Isolated from Mallotus spodocarpus in Cholangiocarcinoma Cell Line.

Introduction: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a poor prognosis of a malignant tumor that has been unresponsive to conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Effective and novel therapeutic agents are urgently needed. VR12684 (isolated from Mallotus spodocarpus) has been reported to exhibit growth inhibitory activities in cancer cell lines.

Correction: Perakanya et al. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Infection in Sakon Nakhon Province, Thailand. 2022, , 313.

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...

Monks: A Population at Risk for Liver Fluke and Skin-Penetrating Helminths.

Monks cannot cook received raw meat dishes and should walk barefoot while working. This population lacks both a survey of parasitic infection and a proper prevention and control policy. Five hundred and fourteen monks from the Ubolratana, Ban Haet, and Ban Phai Districts of Kh on Kaen Province were enrolled in this study.

Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Intestinal Parasitic Infections: A Population-Based Study in Phra Lap Sub-District, Mueang Khon Kaen District, Khon Kaen Province, Northeastern Thailand.

Intestinal parasitic infections are still a crucial problem among communities in Northeast Thailand. Misuse of antiparasitic drugs and unhealthy food behaviors are known. This study aimed to explore the prevalence, behavioral health factors, and motivation for self-treatment of anti-parasitic drugs in this area.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Infection in Sakon Nakhon Province, Thailand.

Opisthorchiasis is a parasitic infection caused by the liver fluke . This parasite is widely distributed and well documented in Thailand, Lao PDR, Southern Vietnam, Cambodia, and Myanmar. However, its prevalence is a major problem in these countries.

Green-synthesized silver nanoparticle coating on paper for antibacterial and antiviral applications.

The use of active packaging has attracted considerable attention over recent years to prevent and decrease the risk of bacterial and viral infection. Thus, this work aims to develop active packaging using a paper coated with green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Effects of different silver nitrate (AgNO) concentrations, viz.

Myiasis in Ulcerated Breast Carcinoma: First Case Record in Myanmar.

Myiasis is an infestation of maggot, which is frequently associated with poor personal hygiene and environmental sanitation. A 78-year-old female breast cancer patient visited clinic complaining of irritation, itching, and pain within the ulcerous cancer lesion for 3 weeks. Many maggots were found in the lesion.

Disinfection efficiency test for contaminated surgical mask by using Ozone generator.

Background: Ozone (O) is an effective disinfectant agent that leaves no harmful residues. Due to the global health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, surgical masks are in high demand, with some needing to be reused in certain regions. This study aims to evaluate the effects of O for pathogen disinfection on reused surgical masks in various conditions.

Efficacy of oil combination with leaf and pericarps against canine demodicosis.

Background And Aim: Canine demodicosis is a skin disease that is a major global health problem in dogs. Ivermectin is a drug of choice for treatment, but it may cause toxicity in dogs carrying multidrug resistance mutation-1 gene mutations. Hence, alternative herbal medicines are used instead of the drug, such as oil (YN oil), leaf (WC), and pericarps (MG) extracts.

Mucin-producing hamster cholangiocarcinoma cell line, Ham-2, possesses the aggressive cancer phenotypes with liver and lung metastases.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive bile duct cancer. Opisthorchis viverrini (O. viverrini) infection is a significant cause of CCA in the Greater Mekong subregion.

Genetic diversity and population structure of Haemonchus contortus in goats from Thailand.

Haemonchus contortus is one of the most economically important parasitic nematodes affecting small ruminant livestock worldwide. This study was conducted to elucidate the genetic diversity and population structure of this nematode in Thailand based on mitochondrial DNA markers, the nicotinamide dehydrogenase subunit 4 (nad4) and the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) genes. One hundred and thirty-six adult worms were obtained from 86 abomasa of slaughtered goats from 13 different localities in 5 regions of Thailand.