Identification of low abundance proteins in colorectal cancer tissues.

Background: Detection of low abundance proteins always possesses challenges even with the currently available proteomics technologies.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the low abundance differentially expressed proteins in colorectal cancerous tissues as compared to colorectal normal tissues.

Methodology: Protein separation was carried out by using the coupling methods of hydroxyapatite chromatography and SDS-PAGE followed by mass spectrometry analysis.

Analysis of differentially expressed proteins in colorectal cancer using hydroxyapatite column and SDS-PAGE.

Limitation on two dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis technique causes some proteins to be under presented, especially the extreme acidic, basic, or membrane proteins. To overcome the limitation of 2D electrophoresis, an analysis method was developed for identification of differentially expressed proteins in normal and cancerous colonic tissues using self-pack hydroxyapatite (HA) column. Normal and cancerous colon tissues were homogenized and proteins were extracted using sodium phosphate buffer at pH 6.

Chemometrics of differentially expressed proteins from colorectal cancer patients.

Aim: To evaluate the usefulness of differentially expressed proteins from colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues for differentiating cancer and normal tissues.

Methods: A Proteomic approach was used to identify the differentially expressed proteins between CRC and normal tissues. The proteins were extracted using Tris buffer and thiourea lysis buffer (TLB) for extraction of aqueous soluble and membrane-associated proteins, respectively.

Hydrophobic protein in colorectal cancer in relation to tumor stages and grades.

Aim: To identify differentially expressed hydrophobic proteins in colorectal cancer.

Methods: Eighteen pairs of colorectal cancerous tissues in addition to tissues from normal mucosa were analysed. Hydrophobic proteins were extracted from the tissues, separated using 2-D gel electrophoresis and analysed using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS/MS).

Swordfish attack--death by penetrating head injury.

There have been very few reports of swordfish attacks on humans and none have resulted in death. Although there are no reports of unprovoked attacks on humans, swordfish can be very dangerous when provoked and they can jump and use their swords to pierce their target. We describe here an unusual case of death that resulted from intracranial penetrating injury caused by a swordfish.

Analysis of differentially expressed proteins in cancerous and normal colonic tissues.

Aim: To identify and analyze the differentially expressed proteins in normal and cancerous tissues of four patients suffering from colon cancer.

Methods: Colon tissues (normal and cancerous) were homogenized and the proteins were extracted using three protein extraction buffers. The extraction buffers were used in an orderly sequence of increasing extraction strength for proteins with hydrophobic properties.