p-Coumaric acid - a monomer in the sporopollenin skeleton.

Sporopollenin obtained from wings of Pinus mugo (Turra) pollen was analysed by pyrolysis mass spectrometry. In the spectrum, mass peaks which are characteristic for p-coumaric acid were dominant. p-Coumaric acid was the main degradation compound when the wing material was treated by a gentle method using AII3, and also when the remaining residue of the treated sporopollenin material was saponified.

Comparison of ketoconazole suspension and nystatin in the treatment of newborns and infants with oral candidosis.

Ketoconazole suspension (20 mg per ml) was compared with nystatin (100,000 units per ml) in the treatment of oral candidosis in newborns and infants. In all patients Candida infection was proven by culture. Twenty patients were treated with ketoconazole and 15 patients with nystatin.

Human milk fat content: within-feed variation.

Changes in milk fat content during individual breast-feeds were studied using a modification of the interrupted feed technique (Woolridge et al. (1982): Early Human Dev., 6, 265-272).

The effects of Dictyocaulus viviparus infection on energy metabolism of calves.

To determine the effects of lungworm infection on energy metabolism and rate of weight gain, five 3-mo-old male Friesian calves were infected orally twice each week with 640, third-stage larvae of Dictyocaulus viviparus (D.v.) over an 8-wk period.

Reversed-phase liquid chromatographic analysis of o-phthaldialdehyde-derivatized free amino-acids in two types of goldfish muscles.

o-Phthaldialdehyde-derivatized free amino-acids from muscle tissues of goldfish (Carassius auratus L.) were determined using reversed-phase liquid chromatography (3-microns Ultrasphere ODS) with gradient elution and UV detection of the analyte. An off-line, pre-column derivatization procedure was applied.

Clinical signs following experimental lungworm infection and natural bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection in calves.

Similar clinical signs have been reported in calves infected either by Dictyocaulus viviparus or bovine respiratory syncytial virus. Three experiments were carried out to establish the clinical picture and the course of the disease in animals with these infections. The clinical signs of calves infected with lungworm included coughing, nasal discharge, tachypnoea, abdominal breathing and pyrexia, and auscultation of their lungs revealed increased bronchial sounds.

Real-time ultrasonography for determining pregnancy status and viable fetal numbers in ewes.

The reproductive tracts of 26 estrus synchronized, bred ewes were scanned with a portable 5.0 MHz real-time ultrasound unit within 1 to 6 d postbreeding. Intrarectal scanning was performed on alternate days until Days 28 to 30 and twice weekly until Days 50 of gestation.

M-mode echocardiographs of endurance horses in the recovery phase of long-distance competition.

M-mode echocardiographic structures, and cardiac function indices, PCV, and total plasma protein values were determined for 34 endurance equine athletes before (base line) and after (after race) a 161-km endurance competition and were compared. The PCV (base-line mean, 37%; after-race mean, 46%) and total plasma protein value (base-line mean, 6.9 g/dl; after-race mean, 7.

Design and performance of a new line focus geometry for xray laser experiments.

A novel optical line focus system using a lens and off-axis mirror combination which allows a high quality line focus to be obtained has been developed for x-ray laser research. By irradiation of fiber and thin foil targets with a high power laser various experimental observations show the excellent performance of this new scheme.

Echocardiography for the diagnosis of congenital heart defects in the dog.

Echocardiography utilizing M-mode and real-time techniques is a safe, noninvasive diagnostic technique for use in veterinary cardiology. It provides a means to assess structural sizes and relationships and can be used to provide quantitative data for diagnosis of congenital heart disease. Although its availability is largely limited to veterinary colleges and specialty hospitals, the practicing veterinarian should know of its advantages and disadvantages.

Relationship between cytologic changes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and weight gain in calves with gastrointestinal nematodes and lungworms.

Two of three groups of 10 calves each were infected with either 100,000 infective larvae (L3) of Ostertagia spp. and 100,000 L3 of Cooperia spp. or with 4000 L3 of Dictyocaulus viviparus, respectively, at the age of 14 weeks.

Endocarditis caused by Corynebacterium sp in a dog.

Mitral valve bacterial endocarditis, caused by Corynebacterium sp, was diagnosed in a dog. The bacteria had characteristics unlike those commonly recognized for most species of Corynebacterium. The primary source of bacteremia was suspected to be a pilonidal cyst of the sacrum.

Sero-epidemiological survey of Dictyocaulus viviparus infections in first-season grazing calves in The Netherlands.

A sero-epidemiological survey of Dictyocaulus viviparus infections in calves was carried out using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Infection level with D viviparus was correlated with farm, herd and management characteristics. At least 75 per cent of the herds were infected with D viviparus.

Monitoring of cyclic organochlorines in the marine environment.

Cyclic organochlorines are highly hydrophobic chemicals which usually possess a high persistence to microbial breakdown. These behavioural aspects determine the suitability of each environmental compartment for monitoring purposes, which is discussed.It is concluded, that monitoring of (cyclic) organochlorines should only be executed for compounds about which solid information is available on their environmental behaviour in abiotic and biotic environmental compartments.

Ventilatory response to CO2 in infants with alleged sleep apnoea.

Twenty-eight children whose parents reported sleep apnoea were investigated. In 15 infants apnoeic periods during sleep could be confirmed during clinical observation. Ventilatory responses to CO2 were measured in all infants, in 23 during sleep in 5 only when awake.

Effect of infection with lungworms (Dictyocaulus viviparus) on energy and nitrogen metabolism in growing calves.

1. Ten Friesian male calves of about 100 kg and 3 months old were reared similarly and were worm-free. From 13 weeks of age five calves received a dose of 640 infective larvae (L3) of lungworms (Dictyocaulus viviparus) twice weekly for 8 weeks to simulate continuous infection.

Use of ELISA to assess lungworm infection in calves.

The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was applied to the detection of lungworm infections in calves. In experimentally infected animals different responses to larval and adult worm antigens were observed. The response to adult worm antigens was delayed in vaccinated animals when infection occurred by the gradual uptake of infective larvae from contaminated pasture.