Manipulation of Surface Potential Distribution Enhances Osteogenesis by Promoting Pro-Angiogenic Macrophage Polarization via Activation of the PI3K-Akt Signaling Pathway.

Regulation of the immune response is key to promoting bone regeneration by electroactive biomaterials. However, how electrical signals at the micro- and nanoscale regulate the immune response and subsequent angiogenesis during bone regeneration remains to be elucidated. Here, the distinctly different surface potential distributions on charged poly(vinylidene fluoridetrifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) matrix surfaces are established by altering the dimensions of ferroelectric nanofillers from 0D BaTiO nanoparticles (homogeneous surface potential distribution, HOPD) to 1D BaTiO nanofibers (heterogeneous surface potential distribution, HEPD).

Mitochondria-targeting materials and therapies for regenerative engineering.

The hemostatic, inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling phases of healing require precise spatiotemporal coordination and orchestration of numerous biological processes. As the primary energy generators in the cell, mitochondria play multifunctional roles in regulating metabolism, stress reactions, immunity, and cell density during the process of tissue regeneration. Mitochondrial dynamics involves numerous crucial processes, fusion, fission, autophagy, and translocation, which are all necessary for preserving mitochondrial function, distributing energy throughout cells, and facilitating cellular signaling.

BaTiO Doping Enhances Ultrasound-Driven Piezoelectric Bactericidal Effects of Fibrous Poly(L-Lactic Acid) Dressings to Accelerate Septic Wound Healing.

Bacterial invasion in infected skin wounds triggers inflammation and impedes healing. Current therapeutic strategies incorporating drug interventions within wound dressings often result in drug resistance and delayed healing. Here, we developed a comprehensive therapeutic modality integrating piezoelectric fibrous dressing with controlled ultrasound stimulation for efficient healing in an infected wound model.

Cordycepin-Loaded Dental Pulp Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Promote Aged Bone Repair by Rejuvenating Senescent Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Endothelial Cells.

Aging impairs bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) functions as well as associated angiogenesis which is critical for bone regeneration and repair. Hence, repairing bone defects in elderly patients poses a formidable challenge in regenerative medicine. Here, the engineered dental pulp stem cell-derived exosomes loaded with the natural derivative of adenosine Cordycepin (CY@D-exos) are fabricated by means of the intermittent ultrasonic shock, which dually rejuvenates both senescent BMSCs and endothelial cells and significantly improve bone regeneration and repair in aged animals.

The considerations on selecting the appropriate decellularized ECM for specific regeneration demands.

An ideal biomaterial should create a customized tissue-specific microenvironment that can facilitate and guide the tissue repair process. Due to its good biocompatibility and similar biochemical properties to native tissues, decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) generally yields enhanced regenerative outcomes, with improved morphological and functional recovery. By utilizing various decellularization techniques and post-processing protocols, dECM can be flexibly prepared in different states from various sources, with specifically customized physicochemical properties for different tissues.

Classification of distinct tendinopathy subtypes for precision therapeutics.

Rotator cuff tendinopathy is the most common tendinopathy type with the worst prognosis. Conventional treatments often elicit heterogeneous drug responses due to the diversity of tendinopathy. Hence, this study attempted a classification of 126 diseased tendons into three distinct subtypes with opposite pathogenic mechanisms based on transcriptomic and clinical features.

The circadian clock in enamel development.

Circadian rhythms are self-sustaining oscillations within biological systems that play key roles in a diverse multitude of physiological processes. The circadian clock mechanisms in brain and peripheral tissues can oscillate independently or be synchronized/disrupted by external stimuli. Dental enamel is a type of mineralized tissue that forms the exterior surface of the tooth crown.

HtrA3 paves the way for MSC migration and promotes osteogenesis.

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) migration determines the healing capacity of bone and is crucial in promoting bone regeneration. Migration of MSCs is highly dependent on degradation of extracellular matrix by proteolytic enzymes. However, the underlying mechanisms of how enzymolysis paves the way for MSCs to migrate from their niche to the defect area is still not fully understood.

Novel methods to diagnose rotator cuff tear and predict post-operative Re-tear: Radiomics models.

Objective: To validated a classifier to distinguish the status of rotator cuff tear and predict post-operative re-tear by utilizing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients with healthy rotator cuff and patients diagnosed as rotator cuff tear (RCT) by MRI. Radiomics features were identified from the pre-operative shoulder MRI and selected by using maximum relevance minimum redundancy (MRMR) methods.

An Injectable Hydrogel Loaded with GMSCs-Derived Neural Lineage Cells Promotes Recovery after Stroke.

Ischemic stroke is a devastating medical condition with poor prognosis due to the lack of effective treatment modalities. Transplantation of human neural stem cells or primary neural cells is a promising treatment approach, but this is hindered by limited suitable cell sources and low expansion capacity. This study aimed (1) use small molecules (SM) to reprogram gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) commitment to the neural lineage cells , and (2) use hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel scaffolds seeded with GMSCs-derived neural lineage cells to treat ischemic stroke .

Cell membrane vesicles derived from hBMSCs and hUVECs enhance bone regeneration.

Bone tissue renewal can be enhanced through co-transplantation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and vascular endothelial cells (ECs). However, there are apparent limitations in stem cell-based therapy which hinder its clinic translation. Hence, we investigated the potential of alternative stem cell substitutes for facilitating bone regeneration.

Matrix stiffness regulates macrophage polarisation via the Piezo1-YAP signalling axis.

Macrophages play a pivotal role in the immunological cascade activated in response to biomedical implants, which predetermine acceptance or rejection of implants by the host via pro- and anti-inflammatory polarisation states. The role of chemical signals in macrophage polarisation is well-established, but how physical cues regulate macrophage function that may play a fundamental role in implant-bone interface, remains poorly understood. Here we find that bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) cultured on polyacrylamide gels of varying stiffness exhibit different polarisation states.

Inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway prevents blood-induced heterotopic ossification of the injured tendon.

Objective: It is a common clinical phenomenon that blood infiltrates into the injured tendon caused by sports injuries, accidental injuries, and surgery. However, the role of blood infiltration into the injured tendon has not been investigated.

Methods: A blood-induced rat model was established and the impact of blood infiltration on inflammation and HO of the injured tendon was assessed.

Role of cell rearrangement and related signaling pathways in the dynamic process of tip cell selection.

Angiogenesis is a complex, highly-coordinated and multi-step process of new blood vessel formation from pre-existing blood vessels. When initiated, the sprouting process is spearheaded by the specialized endothelial cells (ECs) known as tip cells, which guide the organization of accompanying stalk cells and determine the function and morphology of the finally-formed blood vessels. Recent studies indicate that the orchestration and coordination of angiogenesis involve dynamic tip cell selection, which is the competitive selection of cells to lead the angiogenic sprouts.

Peptidomic analysis of follicular fluid in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome.

The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the differential expression of peptides within the follicular fluid of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients normal women by using peptidomics techniques. The underlying mechanisms involved in PCOS pathogenesis will be explored, together with screening and identification of potential functional peptides via bioinformatics analysis. A total of 12 patients who underwent fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) at the Reproductive Medicine Center of Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from 1 September 2022 to 1 November 2022 were included in this study.

Multifunctional PtCuTe Nanosheets with Strong ROS Scavenging and ROS-Independent Antibacterial Properties Promote Diabetic Wound Healing.

Nanozymes, as one of the most efficient reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging biomaterials, are receiving wide attention in promoting diabetic wound healing. Despite recent attempts at improving the catalytic efficiency of Pt-based nanozymes (e.g.

The Deubiquitinase OTUD1 Suppresses Secretory Neutrophil Polarization And Ameliorates Immunopathology of Periodontitis.

Tissue-infiltrating neutrophils (TINs) secrete various signaling molecules to establish paracrine communication within the inflammatory milieu. It is imperative to identify molecular mediators that control this secretory phenotype of TINs. The present study uncovers a secretory neutrophil subset that exhibits increased pro-inflammatory cytokine production and enhanced migratory capacity which is highly related with periodontal pathogenesis.

Chirality-biased protein expression profile during early stages of bone regeneration.

Chirality is a crucial mechanical cue within the extracellular matrix during tissue repair and regeneration. Despite its key roles in cell behavior and regeneration efficacy, our understanding of chirality-biased protein profile in vivo remains unclear. In this study, we characterized the proteomic profile of proteins extracted from bone defect areas implanted with left-handed and right-handed scaffold matrices during the early healing stage.

In situ activation of flexible magnetoelectric membrane enhances bone defect repair.

For bone defect repair under co-morbidity conditions, the use of biomaterials that can be non-invasively regulated is highly desirable to avoid further complications and to promote osteogenesis. However, it remains a formidable challenge in clinical applications to achieve efficient osteogenesis with stimuli-responsive materials. Here, we develop polarized CoFeO@BaTiO/poly(vinylidene fluoridetrifluoroethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE)] core-shell particle-incorporated composite membranes with high magnetoelectric conversion efficiency for activating bone regeneration.

The number of retrieved oocytes is correlated to sperm DNA fragmentation when predicting pregnancy outcomes.

Objectives: To analyze the correlation between age and sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI), and determine whether the number of eggs retrieved from the female partner was associated with the impact of sperm DFI on clinical pregnancy rates.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 896 couples aged 19-58 years who were treated at our hospital between 2019 and 2021 was performed to analyse male semen parameters and to investigate the correlation between male age, semen parameters and DFI. In total, data from 330 cycles of assisted reproduction in couples over 40 years of age were analyzed, including 66 cycles with a normal DFI (≤ 15) and 264 cycles with an abnormal DFI (> 15), so as to correlate clinical outcomes based on the number of eggs retrieved per woman and DFI.

Engineering 3D-Printed Strontium-Titanium Scaffold-Integrated Highly Bioactive Serum Exosomes for Critical Bone Defects by Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis.

Currently, healing of large bone defects faces significant challenges such as a bulk of bone regeneration and revascularization on the bone defect region. Here, a "cell-free scaffold engineering" strategy that integrates strontium (Sr) and highly bioactive serum exosomes (sEXOs) inside a three-dimensional (3D)-printed titanium (Ti) scaffold (Sc) is first developed. The constructed SrTi Sc can serve as a sophisticated biomaterial platform for maintaining bone morphological characteristics of the radius during the period of critical bone defect (CBD) repair and further accelerating bone formation and fibroblastic suppression via the controlled release of Sr from the superficial layer of the scaffold.

Organoid Culture Development for Skeletal Systems.

Organoids are widely considered to be ideal models that have been widely applied in many fields, including regenerative medicine, disease research and drug screening. It is distinguished from other three-dimensional culture model systems by self-organization and sustainability in long-term culture. The three core components of organoid culture are cells, exogenous factors, and culture matrix.

Manipulation of Heterogeneous Surface Electric Potential Promotes Osteogenesis by Strengthening RGD Peptide Binding and Cellular Mechanosensing.

The heterogeneity of extracellular matrix (ECM) topology, stiffness, and architecture is a key factor modulating cellular behavior and osteogenesis. However, the effects of heterogeneous ECM electric potential at the micro- and nanoscale on osteogenesis remain to be elucidated. Here, the heterogeneous distribution of surface potential is established by incorporating ferroelectric BaTiO nanofibers (BTNF) into poly(vinylidene fluoridetrifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) matrix based on phase-field and first-principles simulation.