Impact of Age on Scleral Buckling Surgery for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate new prognostic factors in associated with primary anatomical failure after scleral buckling (SB) for uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Methods: The medical records of patients with uncomplicated RRD treated with SB were retrospectively reviewed. Eyes with known prognostic factors for RRD, such as fovea-on, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, pseudophakia, aphakia, multiple breaks, or media opacity, were excluded.

Comparison of scleral buckling and vitrectomy using wide angle viewing system for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in patients older than 35 years.

Background: To compare scleral buckling (SB) and pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) using a wide angle viewing system (WAVS) for uncomplicated phakic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Methods: The medical records of patients with uncomplicated phakic RRD were retrospectively reviewed. Eyes with pseudophakic or attached fovea were excluded.

Clinical features of infectious endophthalmitis in South Korea: a five-year multicenter study.

Background: To investigate clinical features of infectious endophthalmitis over five years in a South Korean population.

Methods: Medical records of consecutive patients diagnosed with infectious endophthalmitis at eight institutions located in Gyeongsangnam-do and Pusan city between January 1, 2004 and July 31, 2010 were reviewed.

Results: A total of 197 patients were diagnosed and treated.

Analysis of the ganglion cell layer and photoreceptor layer using optical coherence tomography after idiopathic epiretinal membrane surgery.

Purpose: To investigate the correlation of visual acuity with the ganglion cell layer and the photoreceptor layer using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography after surgery for idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM).

Methods: The medical records of 58 eyes were reviewed retrospectively to collect data on visual acuity (VA), ganglion cell complex thickness (GT) and photoreceptor reflectivity (PR) at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months after surgery. The GT was adjusted to compensate for tractional thickening by calculating the proportional thickness to the macular thickness (MT).

Effects of fluoroquinolone eye solutions without preservatives on human corneal epithelial cells in vitro.

Aims: To evaluate the biologic effects of fluoroquinolone eye solutions without preservatives on cultured human corneal epithelial cells in vitro.

Methods: We studied the effect of diverse generations of topical fluoroquinolones such as ofloxacin 0.3%, levofloxacin 0.

Intravitreal pharmacokinetics after posterior subtenon triamcinolone acetonide injection in vitrectomized rabbit eyes.

Purpose: To investigate the intraocular pharmacokinetics of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) injected into the posterior subtenon of vitrectomized rabbit eyes.

Methods: Vitrectomy was performed on the right eyes of 35 rabbits. Triamcinolone acetonide (40 mg/mL) was injected into the posterior subtenon space of both eyes.

The effect of a systemic angiotensin receptor blocker on vascular endothelial growth factor in the vitreous of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Purpose: Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is reportedly associated with the vitreous level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). This study was conducted to investigate the effect of systemic angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) on vitreous VEGF in PDR.

Method: Patients who underwent a vitrectomy due to PDR were divided into two groups: patients who were taking ARB to control hypertension (Group A) and normotensive patients (Group B).

A case of presumed acute retinal necrosis after intraocular foreign body injury.

The aim of this study was to report a case of acute retinal necrosis (ARN) after intraocular foreign body removal. A 32-year-old male presented with visual loss in the left eye. He was hit by an iron fragment while he was hammering.

Bell's phenomenon during screening examination for retinopathy of prematurity.

Purpose: Bell's phenomenon (BP), which may disturb screening examinations for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), is known to present infrequently in premature babies. Stress associated with the examinations can influence expression of BP. The authors of the present study evaluated BP during examinations for ROP.

Effect of intravitreal triamcinolone injection during vitrectomy for idiopathic epiretinal membrane.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of intravitreal triamcinolone injections as an adjuvant of vitrectomy for idiopathic epiretinal membrane.

Methods: This study included 58 eyes of 58 patients who were diagnosed as having idiopathic epiretinal membrane and who underwent vitrectomy and membrane peeling. They were divided into 2 groups: 27 eyes in the injected group that received triamcinolone injection during the surgical procedure and 31 eyes in the control group that did not receive injection.

Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide for rebound phenomenon after high-dose intravenous steroid treatment in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease.

The authors report two cases of rebound phenomenon treated with intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease. Patients in the acute phase of VKH disease were treated with high-dose intravenous (IV) methylprednisolone (1 g/day) for 3 days. Serous retinal detachment decreased and visual acuity improved during IV steroid treatment.

Photoreceptor layer assessed in tissue layer image using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography after surgical closure of macular hole.

Purpose: To investigate changes in the photoreceptor layer in tissue layer images using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography after macular hole surgery.

Methods: Visual acuity and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography scans were obtained in 24 eyes with surgically closed macular holes prospectively at 1, 2, 4, and 6 months after surgery. The scanned data were processed to generate tissue layer images of the photoreceptor layer, namely, photoreceptor layer map.

Intraocular toxicity and pharmacokinetics of candesartan in a rabbit model.

Purpose: To investigate the intravitreal toxicity and pharmacokinetics of candesartan, a selective type 1 angiotensin II receptor blocker, in rabbit eyes.

Methods: For the toxicity study, 15 white rabbits were divided into three groups (five rabbits each). Different candesartan doses, namely 0.

The effect of the YK lens in keratoconus.

Purpose: To report the clinical results of the use of the YK contact lens (Lucid Co., Seoul, Korea) for keratoconus.

Methods: One hundred and twenty nine keratoconic eyes were fitted with a YK lens which has one base curve and three peripheral curves.

Results of vitrectomy for breakthrough vitreous hemorrhage associated with age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of vitrectomy in patients with vitreous hemorrhage associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV).

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of consecutive cases of patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy for nonclearing vitreous hemorrhage associated with neovascular AMD or PCV.

Results: Twenty-four eyes of 23 patients were included.

Evaluation of differentially expressed genes identified in keratoconus.

Purpose: To identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the human keratocytes in keratoconus.

Methods: Total RNA extracted from cultured corneal stromal fibroblasts from normal and keratoconic corneas were used for the synthesis of cDNA. DEGs were screened by an annealing control primer(TM)-based PCR method using GeneFishing() DEG kits.

Edema of the photoreceptor layer in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease observed using high-resolution optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To evaluate the characteristics of fluid accumulation in the uveitic stage of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease using high resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT3).

Methods: Twenty-eight eyes in 14 patients with VKH disease were reviewed retrospectively. These 28 eyes were divided into 19 eyes with intraretinal fluid (C group) and 9 eyes without intraretinal fluid (N group).

Comparison of the conjunctival toxicity of topical ocular antiallergic agents.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effect of topical ocular allergic agents with H1-receptor antagonism and inhibition of histamine release from mast cells on the cultured conjunctival cells of rabbit in vitro.

Methods: Cell damage by the topical ocular antiallergic agents (azelastine hydrochloride, ketotifen fumarate, and olopatadine hydrochloride) was determined by using the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage assay with the rate of dilution of 10, 20, and 30%, respectively, for a period of 0 and 30 min and 4, 12, and 24 h, and compared with the balanced salt solution-treated group. The osmolarity, pH, composition of electrolytes, preservatives, and morphologic findings of all the antiallergic agents were also evaluated.

Effect of fat embolism with triolein emulsion on blood-retinal barrier.

Background: Triolein emulsion is under investigation for supplemental use to open the blood-brain barrier during chemotherapy. The effects of triolein emulsion on the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) were investigated.

Methods: Fat emboli were induced in 20 cats by injecting triolein emulsion through the carotid artery.

Reorganization of photoreceptor layer on optical coherence tomography concurrent with visual improvement after macular hole surgery.

To report three cases in which reorganization of the photoreceptor layer on optical coherence tomography (OCT) was concurrent with long-term visual recovery after macular hole surgery. Serial OCT scans of three eyes in which visual acuity continued to improve for 1 or more years after successful macular hole surgery were reviewed. Case 1.

Capsulorhexis assisted by slit illuminator for white cataract without a red reflex.

The authors investigated the clinical efficacy of a slit illuminator in a surgical microscope during capsulorhexis for white cataract. After staining the anterior capsule, the slit illuminator was adjusted to a width of 3 mm and a height of 12 mm using the slider to obtain a high-contrast image of the anterior capsule, and an angle of 30 degrees to both the left and right was possible using the arc guide. After the anterior capsular puncture was done, a capsulorhexis forceps was used to grasp the capsular edge and a continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis was successfully performed in all 10 cases.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus sclerokeratitis after pterygium excision.

Purpose: To report a case of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) sclerokeratitis after pterygium excision.

Methods: Case report.

Results: A 72-year-old woman who had undergone pterygium excision 6 months ago was referred for severe pain and decreased visual acuity.

Cysticidal effect on acanthamoeba and toxicity on human keratocytes by polyhexamethylene biguanide and chlorhexidine.

Purpose: To evaluate the cysticidal effect of polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) and chlorhexidine on Acanthamoeba and its toxic effect on cultured human keratocytes.

Methods: Each well of a twofold-diluted Acanthamoeba cyst-containing suspension of 5 x 10(4) cysts/mL was treated with PHMB and chlorhexidine for 8, 24, and 48 hours to determine the minimal cysticidal concentration (MCC) of each disinfectant. Human corneal keratocytes (5 x 10(4) cells/mL) were exposed to PHMB and chlorhexidine for the same time to determine the survival rate of keratocytes.