Evaluation of a Multiplex Bead Assay against Single-Target Assays for Detection of IgG Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2.

Serological assays for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies must be validated for performance with a large panel of clinical specimens. Most existing assays utilize a single antigen target and may be subject to reduced diagnostic specificity. This study evaluated a multiplex assay that detects antibodies to three SARS-CoV-2 targets.

Evaluation of anti-factor VIII antibody levels in patients with haemophilia A receiving immune tolerance induction therapy or bypassing agents.

Introduction: Bleeding episodes in patients who have haemophilia A (HA), a hereditary bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency in factor VIII (FVIII), are treated or prophylactically prevented with infusions of exogenous FVIII. Neutralizing antibodies, referred to as inhibitors, against infusion products are a major complication experienced by up to 30% of patients who have severe HA. Bypassing agents (BPA), a class of therapeutics given to patients who have inhibitors, bypass the need for FVIII in the coagulation cascade, and long-term inhibitor eradication is accomplished using immune tolerance induction therapy (ITI).

DGAT1 inhibits retinol-dependent regulatory T cell formation and mediates autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

The balance of effector versus regulatory T cells (Tregs) controls inflammation in numerous settings, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Here we show that memory phenotype CD4 T cells infiltrating the central nervous system during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a widely studied animal model of MS, expressed high levels of mRNA for encoding diacylglycerol-O-acyltransferase-1 (DGAT1), an enzyme that catalyzes triglyceride synthesis and retinyl ester formation. DGAT1 inhibition or deficiency attenuated EAE, with associated enhanced Treg frequency; and encephalitogenic, DGAT1 in vitro-polarized Th17 cells were poor inducers of EAE in adoptive recipients.