Scintillation light detection in the 6-m drift-length ProtoDUNE Dual Phase liquid argon TPC.

DUNE is a dual-site experiment for long-baseline neutrino oscillation studies, neutrino astrophysics and nucleon decay searches. ProtoDUNE Dual Phase (DP) is a 6   6   6 m liquid argon time-projection-chamber (LArTPC) that recorded cosmic-muon data at the CERN Neutrino Platform in 2019-2020 as a prototype of the DUNE Far Detector. Charged particles propagating through the LArTPC produce ionization and scintillation light.

Prospects for beyond the Standard Model physics searches at the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment: DUNE Collaboration.

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) will be a powerful tool for a variety of physics topics. The high-intensity proton beams provide a large neutrino flux, sampled by a near detector system consisting of a combination of capable precision detectors, and by the massive far detector system located deep underground. This configuration sets up DUNE as a machine for discovery, as it enables opportunities not only to perform precision neutrino measurements that may uncover deviations from the present three-flavor mixing paradigm, but also to discover new particles and unveil new interactions and symmetries beyond those predicted in the Standard Model (SM).

Detailed Multi-dimensional Modeling of Direct Internal Reforming Solid Oxide Fuel Cells.

Fuel flexibility is a significant advantage of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and can be attributed to their high operating temperature. Here we consider a direct internal reforming solid oxide fuel cell setup in which a separate fuel reformer is not required. We construct a multidimensional, detailed model of a planar solid oxide fuel cell, where mass transport in the fuel channel is modeled using the Stefan-Maxwell model, whereas the mass transport within the porous electrodes is simulated using the Dusty-Gas model.

Precision measurement of the Λb(0) baryon lifetime.

The ratio of the Λb(0) baryon lifetime to that of the B(0) meson is measured using 1.0  fb(-1) of integrated luminosity in 7 TeV center-of-mass energy pp collisions at the LHC. The Λb(0) baryon is observed for the first time in the decay mode Λb(0)→J/ψpK-, while the B(0) meson decay used is the well known B(0)→J/ψπ+ K- mode, where the π+ K- mass is consistent with that of the K(*0)(892) meson.

Measurement of the Bs(0)→μ+ μ- branching fraction and search for B(0)→μ+ μ- decays at the LHCb experiment.

A search for the rare decays Bs(0)→μ+ μ- and B(0)→μ+ μ- is performed at the LHCb experiment. The data analyzed correspond to an integrated luminosity of 1  fb(-1) of pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV and 2  fb(-1) at 8 TeV. An excess of Bs(0)→μ+ μ- signal candidates with respect to the background expectation is seen with a significance of 4.

Measurement of CP violation in the phase space of B±→K± π+ π- and B±→K± K+ K- decays.

The charmless decays B±→K± π+ π- and B±→K± K+ K- are reconstructed using data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0  fb(-1), collected by LHCb in 2011. The inclusive charge asymmetries of these modes are measured as ACP(B±→K± π+ π-)=0.

Observation of photon polarization in the b→sγ transition.

This Letter presents a study of the flavor-changing neutral current radiative B±→K±π∓π±γ decays performed using data collected in proton-proton collisions with the LHCb detector at 7 and 8 TeV center-of-mass energies. In this sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3  fb-1, nearly 14 000 signal events are reconstructed and selected, containing all possible intermediate resonances with a K±π∓π± final state in the [1.1,1.

Search for Majorana neutrinos in B- → π+ μ- μ- decays.

A search for heavy Majorana neutrinos produced in the B- → π+ μ- μ- decay mode is performed using 3  fb(-1) of integrated luminosity collected with the LHCb detector in pp collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV at the LHC. Neutrinos with masses in the range 250 to 5000 MeV and lifetimes from zero to 1000 ps are probed. In the absence of a signal, upper limits are set on the branching fraction B(B- → π+ μ- μ-) as functions of neutrino mass and lifetime.

Measurement of the Bs(0) → Ds-Ds+ and Bs(0) → D-Ds+ effective lifetimes.

The first measurement of the effective lifetime of the B(s)(0) meson in the decay B(s)(0) → Ds-Ds+ is reported using a proton-proton collision data set, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb(-1), collected by the LHCb experiment. The measured value of the B(s)(0) → Ds-Ds+ effective lifetime is 1.379 ± 0.

Observation of B(s)(0) → J/ψ f1(1285) decays and measurement of the f1(1285) mixing angle.

Decays of B(s)(0) and B(0) mesons into J/ψ π+π-π+π- final states, produced in pp collisions at the LHC, are investigated using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb-1 collected with the LHCb detector. B(s)(0) → J/ψ f1(1285) decays are seen for the first time, and the branching fractions are measured. Using these rates, the f1(1285) mixing angle between strange and nonstrange components of its wave function in the qq structure model is determined to be ±(24.

Measurements of indirect CP asymmetries in D0 → K- K+ and D0 → π- π+ decays.

A study of indirect CP violation in D0 mesons through the determination of the parameter AΓ is presented using a data sample of pp collisions, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0  fb(-1), collected with the LHCb detector and recorded at the center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV at the LHC. The parameter AΓ is the asymmetry of the effective lifetimes measured in decays of D0 and D0 mesons to the CP eigenstates K- K+ and π- π+.

Measurement of CP violation in the phase space of B± → K+ K- π± and B± → π+ π- π± decays.

The charmless decays B± → K+ K- π± and B± → π+ π- π± are reconstructed in a data set of pp collisions with an integrated luminosity of 1.0  fb(-1) and center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, collected by LHCb in 2011. The inclusive charge asymmetries of these modes are measured to be A(CP)(B± → K+ K- π±) = -0.

Measurement of D0-D0 mixing parameters and search for CP violation using D0 → K+ π- decays.

Measurements of charm mixing parameters from the decay-time-dependent ratio of D0 → K+ π- to D0 → K- π+ rates and the charge-conjugate ratio are reported. The analysis uses data, corresponding to 3  fb(-1) of integrated luminosity, from proton-proton collisions at 7 and 8 TeV center-of-mass energies recorded by the LHCb experiment. In the limit of charge-parity (CP ) symmetry, the mixing parameters are determined to be x'2=(5.

Measurement of charged particle multiplicities and densities in [Formula: see text] collisions at [Formula: see text]TeV in the forward region.

Charged particle multiplicities are studied in proton-proton collisions in the forward region at a centre-of-mass energy of [Formula: see text]TeV with data collected by the LHCb detector. The forward spectrometer allows access to a kinematic range of [Formula: see text] in pseudorapidity, momenta greater than [Formula: see text] and transverse momenta greater than [Formula: see text]. The measurements are performed using events with at least one charged particle in the kinematic acceptance.

Measurement of the [Formula: see text] meson lifetime using [Formula: see text] decays.

The lifetime of the [Formula: see text] meson is measured using semileptonic decays having a [Formula: see text] meson and a muon in the final state. The data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of [Formula: see text], are collected by the LHCb detector in [Formula: see text] collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The measured lifetime is [Formula: see text]where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.

Measurement of form-factor-independent observables in the decay B0→K(*0)μ(+)μ(-).

We present a measurement of form-factor-independent angular observables in the decay B(0)→K*(892)(0)μ(+)μ(-). The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb(-1), collected by the LHCb experiment in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV.

Observation of the decay B(c)(+) → B(s)(0)π+.

The result of a search for the decay B(c)(+) → B(s)(0) π+ is presented, using the B(s)(0) → D(s)(-)π+ and B(s)(0) → J/ψ Ø channels. The analysis is based on a data sample of pp collisions collected with the LHCb detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1 fb(-1) taken at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, and 2 fb(-1) taken at 8 TeV. The decay B(c)(+) → B(s)(0)π+ is observed with significance in excess of 5 standard deviations independently in both decay channels.

Measurement of the CP asymmetry in B(+)→K(+)μ(+)μ(-) decays.

A measurement of the CP asymmetry in B(+)→K(+)μ(+)μ(-) decays is presented using pp collision data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb(-1), recorded by the LHCb experiment during 2011 at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. The measurement is performed in seven bins of μ(+)μ(-) invariant mass squared in the range 0.

Search for the lepton-flavor-violating decays B(s)0→e(±)μ(∓) and B0→e(±)μ(∓).

A search for the lepton-flavor-violating decays B(s)0→e(±)μ(∓) and B0→e(±)μ(∓) is performed with a data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb(-1) of pp collisions at √s=7 TeV, collected by the LHCb experiment. The observed number of B(s)0→e(±)μ(∓) and B0→e(±)μ(∓) candidates is consistent with background expectations.

Observation of a resonance in B+ → K+ μ+ μ- decays at low recoil.

A broad peaking structure is observed in the dimuon spectrum of B+ → K+ μ+ μ- decays in the kinematic region where the kaon has a low recoil against the dimuon system. The structure is consistent with interference between the B+ → K+ μ+ μ- decay and a resonance and has a statistical significance exceeding six standard deviations. The mean and width of the resonance are measured to be 4191(-8)(+9)  MeV/c2 and 65(-16)(+22)  MeV/c2, respectively, where the uncertainties include statistical and systematic contributions.

Determination of the X(3872) meson quantum numbers.

The quantum numbers of the X(3872) meson are determined to be J(PC)=1(++) based on angular correlations in B(+)→X(3872)K(+) decays, where X(3872)→π(+)π(-)J/ψ and J/ψ→μ(+)μ(-). The data correspond to 1.0 fb(-1) of pp collisions collected by the LHCb detector.

First observation of CP violation in the decays of B(s)0 mesons.

Using pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb(-1) and collected by LHCb in 2011 at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, we report the measurement of direct CP violation in B(s)(0)→K(-)π(+) decays, A(CP)(B(s)(0)→K(-)π(+)=0.27±0.

First measurement of the CP-violating phase in Bs(0) → ϕϕ decays.

A first flavor-tagged measurement of the time-dependent CP-violating asymmetry in B(s)(0) → ϕϕ decays is presented. In this decay channel, the CP-violating weak phase arises due to CP violation in the interference between B(s)(0)-B(s)(0) mixing and the b → sss gluonic penguin decay amplitude. Using a sample of pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.

Search for rare B(0)((s))→μ(+)μ(-)μ(+)μ(-) decays.

A search for the decays B(0)((s))→μ(+)μ(-)μ(+)μ(-) and B(0)→μ(+)μ(-)μ(+)μ(-) is performed using data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb(-1), collected with the LHCb detector in 2011. The number of candidates observed is consistent with the expected background and, assuming phase-space models of the decays, limits on the branching fractions are set: B(B(s)(0)→μ(+)μ(-)μ(+)μ(-))<1.

Measurement of the Λ(b)(0), Ξ (b)(-), and Ω(b((-) Baryon masses.

Bottom baryons decaying to a J/ψ meson and a hyperon are reconstructed using 1.0 fb(-1) of data collected in 2011 with the LHCb detector. Significant Λ(b)(0) → J/ψΛ, Ξ(b((-) → J/ψΞ(-) and Ω(b)(-) → J/ψΩ(-) signals are observed and the corresponding masses are measured to be M(Λ(b)(0))=5619.