Prevalence of and Gender Differences in Psychiatric Disorders among Juvenile Detainees in South Korea: A Comparative Study.

: High rates of psychiatric disorders and comorbidities have been reported in juvenile detainees, which have been associated with repeat offenses. However, research into this topic has been limited to Asian countries. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and sexual differences among juvenile detainees in a detention center in South Korea.

Beyond Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Exploring Psychiatric Comorbidities and Their Neuropsychological Consequences in Adults.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the psychiatric comorbidity status of adult patients diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and determine the impact of comorbidities on neuropsychological outcomes in ADHD.

Methods: The study participants were 124 adult patients with ADHD. Clinical psychiatric assessments were performed by two boardcertified psychiatrists in accordance with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition.

Automated lung tumor segmentation robust to various tumor sizes using a consistency learning-based multi-scale dual-attention network.

Background: It is often difficult to automatically segment lung tumors due to the large tumor size variation ranging from less than 1 cm to greater than 7 cm depending on the T-stage.

Objective: This study aims to accurately segment lung tumors of various sizes using a consistency learning-based multi-scale dual-attention network (CL-MSDA-Net).

Methods: To avoid under- and over-segmentation caused by different ratios of lung tumors and surrounding structures in the input patch according to the size of the lung tumor, a size-invariant patch is generated by normalizing the ratio to the average size of the lung tumors used for the training.

A combination of BR101801 and venetoclax enhances antitumor effect in DLBCL cells via c-Myc/Bcl-2/Mcl-1 triple targeting.

Double hit diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with rearrangement and overexpression of both c-Myc and Bcl-2 responds poorly to standard R-CHOP therapy. In a recent phase I study, Venetoclax (ABT-199) targeting Bcl-2 also exhibited disappointing response rates in patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL, suggesting that targeting only Bcl-2 is not sufficient for achieving successful efficacy due to the concurrent oncogenic function of c-Myc expression and drug resistance following an increase in Mcl-1. Therefore, co-targeting c-Myc and Mcl-1 could be a key combinatorial strategy to enhance the efficacy of Venetoclax.

Lung tumor segmentation using dual-coupling net with shape prior based on lung and mediastinal window images from chest CT images.

Background: Volumetric lung tumor segmentation is difficult due to the diversity of the sizes, locations and shapes of lung tumors, as well as the similarity in the intensity with surrounding tissue structures.

Objective: We propose a dual-coupling net for accurate lung tumor segmentation in chest CT images regardless of sizes, locations and shapes of lung tumors.METHODSTo extract shape information from lung tumors and use it as shape prior, three-planar images including axial, coronal, and sagittal planes are trained on 2D-Nets.

The Loudness Dependence of Auditory Evoked Potentials is associated with the Symptom Severity and Treatment in Boys with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Objective: The loudness dependence of the auditory evoked potential (LDAEP) is associated with central serotonergic neurotransmission. Recent studies have proposed that LDAEP is also influenced by dopaminergic activity. Evidence shows attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms are associated with dopamine dysfunction.

Comparative efficacy and safety of fimasartan in patients with hypertension: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Hypertension is a prevalent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Angiotensin II receptor blockers are widely prescribed to patients with hypertension, while new drugs are continuously developed. However, data on comparative efficacy and safety of novel agents, such as fimasartan, are scarce.

Long-term follow-up results of cytarabine-containing chemotherapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Background/aims: We evaluated the feasibility and long-term efficacy of the combination of cytarabine, idarubicin, and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) for treating patients with newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).

Methods: We included 87 patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia and a t(15;17) or promyelocytic leukemia/retinoic acid receptor alpha (PML-RARα) mutation. Patients received 12 mg/m2/day idarubicin intravenously for 3 days and 100 mg/m2/day cytarabine for 7 days, plus 45 mg/m2/day ATRA.

Prediction of Two-Year Recurrence-Free Survival in Operable NSCLC Patients Using Radiomic Features from Intra- and Size-Variant Peri-Tumoral Regions on Chest CT Images.

To predict the two-year recurrence-free survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we propose a prediction model using radiomic features of the inner and outer regions of the tumor. The intratumoral region and the peritumoral regions from the boundary to 3 cm were used to extract the radiomic features based on the intensity, texture, and shape features. Feature selection was performed to identify significant radiomic features to predict two-year recurrence-free survival, and patient classification was performed into recurrence and non-recurrence groups using SVM and random forest classifiers.

Changes in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder after Theraplay Application.

Objectives: This study identified changes in social communication and interaction among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) through Theraplay.

Methods: This study included 20 children who were diagnosed with ASD by a child and adolescent psychiatrist and were recommended to undergo Theraplay in 2012-2017. The Marschak interaction method was used to identify and analyze the interactions between parents and their children.

Cognitive Developmental Trajectories in Adult ADHD Patients and Controls: A Comparative Study.

Objective: There is an updated conceptualization of whole-lifespan attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), promoted by awareness of probable persistence of impairment into adulthood. We investigated cognition trajectories from adolescence to mid-adulthood in ADHD.

Method: Data of 240 patients with ADHD and 244 healthy controls (HCs) were obtained; clinical symptoms and neuropsychological functions were assessed using the various tests.

A Brief Replication Study Comparing Stimulants and Non-Stimulants for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Treatment with a Focus on the Compliance, Efficacy, and Satisfaction.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the compliance, efficacy, and satisfaction associated with methylphenidate and atomoxetine for treating attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methods: The subjects were 44 patients who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder-5 diagnostic criteria for ADHD and were treated with methylphenidate or atomoxetine. The methylphenidate formulations included immediate release (IR), extended release (ER), and osmotic-controlled release oral delivery system (OROS).

A randomised phase 2b study comparing the efficacy and safety of belotecan vs. topotecan as monotherapy for sensitive-relapsed small-cell lung cancer.

Background: This study compared the efficacy/safety of the camptothecin analogues belotecan and topotecan for sensitive-relapsed small-cell lung cancer (SCLC).

Methods: One-hundred-and-sixty-four patients were randomised (1:1) to receive five consecutive daily intravenous infusions of topotecan (1.5 mg/m) or belotecan (0.

Validity of the Korean Version of DIVA-5: A Semi-Structured Diagnostic Interview for Adult ADHD.

Background: This study was to assess the validity of the Korean version of the semi-structured Diagnostic Interview for Adult ADHD, third edition (DIVA-5). The secondary aim was to compare sociodemographic and psychiatric comorbidities in adult patients with and without a diagnosis of ADHD.

Methods: A total of 279 participants were recruited from nine psychiatric outpatient clinics in Korea.

Perspectives on Professional Burnout and Occupational Stress among Medical Oncologists: A Cross-sectional Survey by Korean Society for Medical Oncology (KSMO).

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of burnout and occupational stress among medical oncologists in Korea.

Materials And Methods: A survey was conducted of medical oncologists who were members of Korean Society for Medical Oncology (KSMO) using the Korean Occupational Stress Scale, the validated Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and supplemental questions about work and lifestyle factors.

Results: Among 220 active KSMO members, 111 responses were collected.

Development of the Korean Practice Parameter for Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Objectives: Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is an important mental health problem that needs resolution, especially considering the high rates of ADHD continuation from childhood to adolescence/adulthood and the high prevalence of ADHD in adults. Adults with ADHD have lifelong negative impacts and require close monitoring with long-term follow-up. Hence, the establishment of a Korean practice parameter for adult ADHD is necessary to minimize discontinuation of treatment and enable information sharing among Korean mental health professionals.

Real-World Experience of Nivolumab in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in Korea.

Purpose: The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors represents a major advance in the treatment of lung cancer, allowing sustained recovery in a significant proportion of patients. Nivolumab is a monoclonal anti-programmed death cell protein 1 antibody licensed for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after prior chemotherapy. In this study, we describe the demographic and clinical outcomes of patients with advanced NSCLC treated with nivolumab in the Korean expanded access program.

Affective Factors That Contribute to the Quality of Life of Juvenile Inmates with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Focus on Items from the Korean Youth Self Report.

Objectives: This study investigated quality of life in Korean juvenile inmates with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the impact of behavioral and emotional problems on quality of life.

Methods: In total, 200 inmates were evaluated using the Korean version of the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (K-MINI) and the Korean version of the Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime (K-SADS-PL-K). We extracted the inmates with ADHD and evaluated their quality of life, behavioral problems, and emotional problems with the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) and the Korean Youth Self Report (K-YSR) scale.

Comparison of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Practice in Adults According to a Training Background in Child Psychiatry.

Objectives: Awareness of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults has significantly increased; however, clinical data specific to the Korean population are insufficient. Clinical experience of ADHD may differ based on whether psychiatrists have received pediatric psychiatry-specific training. In order to prepare a practice parameter for adult ADHD patients in Korea, we examined questionnaire data to observe how pediatric psychiatry training could affect clinical practice for adults with ADHD.

Clinical Utility and Cut-Off Scores of the Korean Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale.

Objectives: This study was conducted to re-validate the clinical efficacy of the Korean Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Rating Scale (K-AARS), which is a self-report scale for ADHD in adults, and to determine the clinical utility and cut-off scores of K-AARS.

Methods: The participants were 135 drug naïve adults with ADHD and 144 healthy controls. To diagnose ADHD based on the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition, two board-certified pediatric psychiatrists interviewed the participants and completed the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview.

Interference with daily functioning by breakthrough pain in patients with cancer.

Purpose: To investigate the association between quality of life (QOL) and breakthrough cancer pain (BTCP) intensity in patients who met the commonly accepted definition of BTCP.

Methods: This study was a subset analysis of a South Korean multicenter, non-interventional, cross-sectional, nationwide survey. Participants were recruited from March 2016 to December 2017.

Practice patterns of multidisciplinary team meetings in Korean cancer care and patient satisfaction with this approach.

Background/aims: The multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach is a cornerstone of clinical oncology. This study investigated the current state of MDT care, including patient satisfaction, in Korea.

Methods: We obtained the annual number of cancer patients who have received MDT care since 2014 from the registry of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA).

Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index as a prognostic marker in patients with extensive-stage disease small cell lung cancer: Results from a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Clinical impact of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) in patients with extensive-stage disease small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC) have not previously been reported.

Methods: This study analyzed 352 patients enrolled in a previous randomized phase III trial comparing the efficacy of irinotecan plus cisplatin with that of etoposide plus cisplatin as the first-line therapy for ED-SCLC. GNRI values were calculated using serum albumin levels and actual and ideal bodyweights.

Gemcitabine plus carboplatin versus gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin in cisplatin-unfit patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma: a randomised phase II study (COACH, KCSG GU10-16).

Purpose: Gemcitabine-oxaliplatin (GEMOX) demonstrated mild toxicity and promising effectiveness in patients with advanced urothelial cell cancer (UCC). We investigated the activity and safety of first-line GEMOX compared with gemcitabine-carboplatin (GCb) in cisplatin-ineligible patients with advanced UCC.

Methods: Treatment-naive, cisplatin-ineligible patients with advanced UCC were randomly assigned to GEMOX (gemcitabine 1000 mg/m, oxaliplatin 100 mg/m on day 1 [D1] every 2 weeks) or GCb (1000 mg/m of gemcitabine on D1 and D8 and carboplatin area under the curve of 4.