A Machine Learning-Based Clustering Using Radiomics of F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography for the Prediction of Prognosis in Patients with Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) is highly aggressive primary hepatic malignancy with an increasing incidence.

Objective: This study aimed to develop machine learning-based radiomic clustering using F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for predicting recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in IHCC.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed pretreatment F-18 FDG PET/CT scans of 60 IHCC patients who underwent surgery without neoadjuvant treatment between January 2008 and July 2020.

Development of lung cancer risk prediction models based on F-18 FDG PET images.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate whether the degree of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in the lungs is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer and to develop lung cancer risk prediction models using metabolic parameters on F-18 FDG positron emission tomography (PET).

Methods: We retrospectively included 795 healthy individuals who underwent F-18 FDG PET/CT scans for a health check-up. Individuals who developed lung cancer within 5 years of the PET/CT scan were classified into the lung cancer group (n = 136); those who did not were classified into the control group (n = 659).

Pure uric acid stone prediction model using the variant coefficient of stone density measured by thresholding 3D segmentation-based methods: A multicenter study.

Unlabelled: Urinary stones are common urological diseases with increasing prevalence and incidence worldwide. Among the various types of stones, uric acid stones can be dissolved by oral chemolysis without any surgical procedure. Therefore, our study demonstrates that variant coefficient of stone density measured by thresholding a three-dimensional segmentation-based method from noncontrast computed tomography images can be used to identify pure uric acid stones from non-pure uric acid stones.

Prognostic value of the metabolic score obtained via [F]FDG PET/CT and a new prognostic staging system for gastric cancer.

We developed and validated a new staging system that includes metabolic information from pretreatment [F]Fluorodeoxyglucose ([F]FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for predicting disease-specific survival (DSS) in gastric cancer (GC) patients. Overall, 731 GC patients undergoing preoperative [F]FDG PET/CT were enrolled and divided into the training (n = 543) and validation (n = 188) cohorts. A metabolic score (MS) was developed by combining the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the primary tumor (T_SUVmax) and metastatic lymph node (N_SUVmax).

Prognostic value of metabolic parameters on F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron tomography/computed tomography in classical rectal adenocarcinoma.

We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of the metabolic parameters of F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) in classical rectal adenocarcinoma (CRAC). We retrospectively reviewed 149 patients with CRAC who underwent preoperative F-FDG PET/CT at initial diagnosis followed by curative surgical resection. F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters including maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumour volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated for prognostic significance by univariate and multivariate analyses, along with conventional risk factors including pathologic T (pT) stage, lymph node (LN) metastasis, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), perineural invasion (PNI), and preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level.

A machine learning-based radiomics model for the prediction of axillary lymph-node metastasis in breast cancer.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop and validate machine learning-based radiomics model for predicting axillary lymph-node (ALN) metastasis in invasive ductal breast cancer (IDC) using F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT).

Methods: A total of 100 consecutive IDC patients who underwent surgical resection of primary tumor with sentinel lymph-node biopsy and/or ALN dissection without any neoadjuvant treatment were analyzed. Volume of interests (VOIs) were drawn more than 2.

Comparison of Image Quality and Semi-quantitative Measurements with Digital PET/CT and Standard PET/CT from Different Vendors.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the concordance and equivalence of results between the newly acquired digital PET/CT(dPET) and the standard PET/CT (sPET) to investigate possible differences in visual and semi-quantitative analyses.

Methods: A total of 30 participants were enrolled and underwent a single F-FDG injection followed by dual PET/CT scans, by a dPET scan, and immediately after by the sPET scan or vice versa. Two readers reviewed overall image quality using a 5-point scale and counted the number of suggestive F-FDG avid lesions.

KSNM/KSID/KOSHIC Guidance for Nuclear Medicine Department Against the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic.

The dramatic spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has profound impacts on every continent and life. Due to human-to-human transmission of COVID-19, nuclear medicine staffs also cannot escape the risk of infection from workplaces. Every staff in the nuclear medicine department must prepare for and respond to COVID-19 pandemic which tailored to the characteristics of our profession.

Computed Tomography (CT) Protocols Associated with Cardiac and Bone Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography/CT (SPECT/CT) in Korea.

Purpose: Single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) is an advanced hybrid nuclear medicine technology that generates both functional and anatomical images in a single study. As utilization of SPECT/CT in Korea has been increasing, the purpose of this study was to survey its application of cardiac and skeletal SPECT/CT imaging for protocol optimization.

Methods: We surveyed CT protocols established for cardiac and skeletal SPECT/CT.

Nomogram using F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography for preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer.

Background: Lymph node (LN) metastasis is an important prognostic factor in patients with gastric cancer (GC). However, the evaluation of LN metastasis status in the preoperative setting is not accurate. Therefore, precise preoperative prediction of LN metastasis status is crucial for optimal treatment in patients with GC.

The effect of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion on the pathology of Alzheimer's disease: A positron emission tomography study in rats.

Cerebrovascular disease is a potential risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although acute cerebral hypoperfusion causes neuronal necrosis and infarction, chronic cerebral hypoperfusion induces apoptosis in neurons, but its effects on the cognitive impairment are not clear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion on AD pathology and cerebral glucose metabolism.

F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography image of gastric mucormycosis mimicking advanced gastric cancer: A case report.

Background: Mucormycosis is a very rare fungal infection, and its prognosis is poor. Most common sites of infection are the sinuses, lung, or skin, and gastric involvement is uncommon. The standard antifungal therapy is the treatment of choice for gastric mucormycosis.

Genetic features associated with F-FDG uptake in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Purpose: In intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), genetic characteristics on F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG)-PET scans are not yet clarified. If specific genetic characteristics were found to be related to FDG uptake in iCCA, we can predict molecular features based on the FDG uptake patterns and to distinguish different types of treatments. In this purpose, we analyzed RNA sequencing in iCCA patients to evaluate gene expression signatures associated with FDG uptake patterns.

Predictive Value of [F]FDG PET/CT for Lymph Node Metastasis in Rectal Cancer.

[F]Fluorodeoxyglucose ([F]FDG) Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is commonly used for rectal cancer staging, but improved diagnostic methods for nodal metastases are needed. We aimed to evaluate whether the combination model of the metabolic tumor volume of primary tumor (T_MTV) and maximum standardized uptake value of lymph node (N_SUVmax) on pretreatment [F]FDG PET/CT could improve nodal metastases prediction in rectal cancer. We enrolled a total of 166 rectal cancer patients who underwent pretreatment [F]FDG PET/CT and surgical resection without neoadjuvant treatment between January 2009 and August 2016.

Accuracy of F-18 FDG PET/CT with optimal cut-offs of maximum standardized uptake value according to size for diagnosis of regional lymph node metastasis in patients with rectal cancer.

Background: The low sensitivity of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for the evaluation of metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) is mainly due to the partial volume effect in patients with rectal cancer. This retrospective study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of F-18 FDG PET/CT with optimal cut-off values of the maximum standardized uptake value (SUV), according to LN size, for the evaluation of regional LN in rectal cancer patients.

Methods: This study included 176 patients with rectal cancer who underwent F-18 FDG PET/CT for initial staging.

Preoperative prediction of microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma using F-FDG PET/CT: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the potential of tumor F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) avidity as a preoperative imaging biomarker for the prediction of microvascular invasion (MVI) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: One hundred and fifty-eight patients diagnosed with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stages 0 or A HCC (median age, 57 years; interquartile range, 50-64 years) who underwent F-FDG positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET/CT) before curative surgery at seven university hospitals were included. Tumor FDG avidity was measured by tumor-to-normal liver standardized uptake value ratio (TLR) of the primary tumor on FDG PET/CT imaging.

Predictive Value of F-FDG PET/CT for Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Invasive Ductal Breast Cancer.

Background: This study assessed whether primary tumor maximum standardized uptake value (pSUV) measured by F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) could improve the prediction of axillary lymph node (ALN) metastasis in invasive ductal breast cancer (IDC).

Methods: In this study, 128 IDC patients who underwent pretreatment F-FDG PET/CT and surgical resection of primary tumor with sentinel lymph node biopsy, ALN dissection, or both were analyzed. All the patients were classified as five molecular subtypes.

Clinical correlation of metabolic parameters on F-FDG PET/CT in idiopathic frozen shoulder.

Objective: Because positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) using fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) can be used to visualize inflammation of the musculoskeletal system, it may help elucidate the pathophysiology of frozen shoulder (FS). The purpose of this study was to characterize the uptake pattern on F-FDG PET/CT in patients with idiopathic FS and to determine if there is a correlation between its metabolic parameters and clinical findings.

Methods: F-FDG PET/CT was conducted to 35 patients with unilateral idiopathic FS.

Spindle Cell Sarcoma of the Iliac Vein on 18 F-FDG PET/CT.

A 44-year-old woman with a protruding mass of the right thigh underwent an F-FDG PET/CT and gadolinium-enhanced MRI. The F-FDG PET/CT scan revealed mildly increased F-FDG uptake in a large mass involving the right common and external iliac veins. The gadolinium-enhanced MRI revealed a well-enhancing soft tissue mass inside the right common and external iliac veins.

F-FDG PET/CT Can Predict Survival of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.

Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage C hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) consists of a heterogeneous group of patients with a wide range of survival times, requiring further prognostic stratification to facilitate treatment allocation. We evaluated the prognostic value of F-FDG uptake on PET/CT at the time of presentation in patients with BCLC stage C HCC. A total of 291 patients with BCLC stage C HCC who underwent F-FDG PET/CT between 2009 and 2010 for staging were retrospectively enrolled from 7 university hospitals.

Diagnostic accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT for detecting synchronous advanced colorectal neoplasia in patients with gastric cancer.

Preoperative screening for synchronous colorectal neoplasia (CRN) has been recommended in patients with gastric cancer because patients with gastric cancer are at increased risk for synchronous CRN. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for detecting synchronous advanced CRN in patients with gastric cancer.A total of 256 patients who underwent colonoscopy and F-FDG PET/CT for preoperative staging were enrolled in this study.

A rare case of coronary fistula evaluated by first-pass radionuclide angiography.

Coronary artery fistula (CAF) is a rare anomaly that originates from the coronary artery and drains into the cardiac chamber or the adjacent vasculature. We report a case of CAF in a 77 years old woman with dyspnea on exertion. Using coronary angiography and cardiac multidetector computed tomography, this patient was diagnosed with CAF draining into the left bronchial arteries.

Prognostic value of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stages 0 and A hepatocellular carcinomas: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: We evaluated the prognostic value of pretreatment (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) in patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage 0 or A hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who had received curative treatment or transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).

Methods: Between 2009 and 2010, 317 patients diagnosed with HCC at seven hospitals were enrolled. Among these, 195 patients underwent curative treatments including resection, liver transplantation, and radiofrequency ablation.