Construction and Characterization of a Full-Length Infectious cDNA Clone of a Strain of Watermelon Mosaic Virus Isolated from Melon.

Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), a member of the genus Potyvirus, causes serious economic losses in cucurbit crops. For molecular biological studies of viruses, it is necessary to construct an infectious clone that can facilitate gene functional analysis. In this study, we constructed an infectious cDNA clone of WMV genomic RNA by Gibson assembly and evaluated its virulence and symptoms on a variety of host plants.

Exploring Tomato Fruit Viromes through Transcriptome Data Analysis.

This study delves into the complex landscape of viral infections in tomatoes () using available transcriptome data. We conducted a virome analysis, revealing 219 viral contigs linked to four distinct viruses: tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV), southern tomato virus (STV), tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Among these, ToCV predominated in contig count, followed by STV, TYLCV, and CMV.

Investigating Variability in Viral Presence and Abundance across Soybean Seed Development Stages Using Transcriptome Analysis.

Plant transcriptomes offer a valuable resource for studying viral communities (viromes). In this study, we explore how plant transcriptome data can be applied to virome research. We analyzed 40 soybean transcriptomes across different growth stages and identified six viruses: broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV2), brassica yellow virus (BrYV), beet western yellow virus (BWYV), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), milk vetch dwarf virus (MDV), and soybean mosaic virus (SMV).

Outbreak of Rice Panicle Blast in Jeonbuk Province of Korea in 2021.

Rice panicle blast is one of the most serious diseases threatening stable rice production by causing severe damage to rice yields and quality. The disease is easy to occur under low air temperature and frequent heavy rainfall during the heading season of rice. In 2021, a rice panicle blast severely occurred in the Jeonbuk province of Korea.

Phylogenetic and Phylodynamic Analyses of Soybean Mosaic Virus Using 305 Coat Protein Gene Sequences.

(SMV) of the family is the most devastating virus that infects soybean plants. In this study, we obtained 83 SMV coat protein (CP) sequences from seven provinces in Korea using RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing. Phylogenetic and haplotype analyses revealed eight groups of 83 SMV isolates and a network of 50 SMV haplotypes in Korea.

Metabolite Contents and Antioxidant Activities of Soybean ( (L.) Merrill) Seeds of Different Seed Coat Colors.

Seed coat color is one of the main agronomical traits that determine the chemical quality of soybean seeds and has been used as a parameter during cultivar development. In this study, seeds of yellow ( = 10), greenish-yellow ( = 5), and light-yellow ( = 4) soybean accessions were evaluated for their contents of total protein, total oil, total phenolic (TPC), and five prominent fatty acids including palmitic acid (PA), stearic acid (SA), oleic acid (OA), linoleic acid (LA), and linolenic acid (LLA), relative to a control cultivar, and the effect of seed coat color on each was investigated. Antioxidant activity was also evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP).

Soybean Viromes in the Republic of Korea Revealed by RT-PCR and Next-Generation Sequencing.

Soybean ( L.) is one of the most important crop plants in the Republic of Korea. Here, we conducted a soybean virome study.

Development of a transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) device based on polarity interchangeable electrodes.

Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that can help modulate cortical excitability by transmitting direct current (DC) between a pair of scalp electrodes. To date, most studies on tDCS have been relatively short-lived, and the DC stimulations only lasted a few minutes. Conventional tDCS devices usually have some problems such as needing a lot of patches and lead lines.

Sweet potato viromes in eight different geographical regions in Korea and two different cultivars.

The sweet potato in the family Convolvulaceae is a dicotyledonous perennial plant. Here, we conducted a comprehensive sweet potato virome study using 10 different libraries from eight regions in Korea and two different sweet potato cultivars by RNA-Sequencing. Comprehensive bioinformatics analyses revealed 10 different virus species infecting sweet potato.

Barley RNA viromes in six different geographical regions in Korea.

Barley is a kind of cereal grass belonging to the family Poaceae. To examine viruses infecting winter barley in Korea, we carried out a comprehensive study of barley RNA viromes using next-generation sequencing (NGS). A total of 110 barley leaf samples from 17 geographical locations were collected.

Identification of viral domains integrated into Arabidopsis proteome.

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) contributes to the genome evolution of living organisms. In particular, several recent studies provide convincing data on the integration of viral sequences into diverse organisms. Here, we identified 101 viral domains integrated into the model plant Arabidopsis proteome.

Complete genome sequence of peanut virus C, a putative novel ilarvirus.

We determined the complete genome sequence of a putative novel ilarvirus, tentatively named "peanut virus C" (PVC), identified in peanut (Arachis hypogaea). The three segmented genomic RNA molecules of PVC were 3474 (RNA1), 2925 (RNA2), and 2160 (RNA3) nucleotides in length, with five predicted open reading frames containing conserved domains and motifs that are typical features of ilarviruses. The three genomic RNAs shared nucleotide sequence similarity (74% identity and 93% query coverage for RNA1, 75% identity and 85% query coverage for RNA2, and 72% identity and 70% query coverage for RNA3) with the most closely related ilarvirus, parietaria mottle virus.

Peach RNA viromes in six different peach cultivars.

Many recent studies have demonstrated that several known and unknown viruses infect many horticultural plants. However, the elucidation of a viral population and the understanding of the genetic complexity of viral genomes in a single plant are rarely reported. Here, we conducted metatranscriptome analyses using six different peach trees representing six individual peach cultivars.

Genome Assembly and Single Nucleotide Variations for Soybean Mosaic Virus Using Soybean Seed Transcriptome Data.

Soybean is the most important legume crop in the world. Several diseases in soybean lead to serious yield losses in major soybean-producing countries. Moreover, soybean can be infected by diverse viruses.

Genome Sequence of Grapevine Virus T, a Novel Foveavirus Infecting Grapevine.

Here, we report the genome sequence of grapevine virus T (GVT), a novel single-stranded RNA virus identified from a transcriptome of grapevine. The genome of GVT is 8,701 nucleotides in length and encodes five open reading frames. GVT is a putative member of the genus in the family .

Genome Sequence of Grapevine Virus K, a Novel Vitivirus Infecting Grapevine.

Here, we report the genome sequence of grapevine virus K (GVK), a novel single-stranded RNA virus identified from a transcriptome of grapevine. The genome of GVK is 7,476 nucleotides in length and encodes 5 open reading frames. GVK is a putative member of the genus in the family .

Complete genome sequence of rice virus A, a new member of the family Tombusviridae.

An evaluation of the virus population in rice plants using next-generation sequencing technologies resulted in the discovery of a new RNA virus, tentatively named rice virus A (RVA). The complete RVA genome sequence was determined and analyzed, revealing a genome organization resembling that of viruses classified in the genera Aureusvirus, Tombusvirus and Zeavirus within the family Tombusviridae. With 4,832 nucleotides, the RVA genome may be the largest monopartite genome sequenced to date in the family Tombusviridae.

The pepper virome: natural co-infection of diverse viruses and their quasispecies.

Background: The co-infection of diverse viruses in a host plant is common; however, little is known about viral populations and their quasispecies in the host.

Results: Here, we report the first pepper viromes that were co-infected by different types of viral genomes. The pepper viromes are dominated by geminivirus DNA-A followed by a novel carlavirus referred to as Pepper virus A.

Integrated analyses using RNA-Seq data reveal viral genomes, single nucleotide variations, the phylogenetic relationship, and recombination for Apple stem grooving virus.

Background: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) provides many possibilities for plant virology research. In this study, we performed integrated analyses using plant transcriptome data for plant virus identification using Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) as an exemplar virus. We used 15 publicly available transcriptome libraries from three different studies, two mRNA-Seq studies and a small RNA-Seq study.

De novo transcriptome assembly of Setatria italica variety Taejin.

Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) belonging to the family Poaceae is an important millet that is widely cultivated in East Asia. Of the cultivated millets, the foxtail millet has the longest history and is one of the main food crops in South India and China. Moreover, foxtail millet is a model plant system for biofuel generation utilizing the C4 photosynthetic pathway.

De novo transcriptome assembly of two Vigna angularis varieties collected from Korea.

The adzuki bean (Vigna angularis), a member of the family Fabaceae, is widely grown in Asia, from East Asia to the Himalayas. The adzuki bean is known as an ingredient that adds sweetness to diverse desserts made in Eastern Asian countries. Libraries prepared from two V.

De novo transcriptome assembly of Sorghum bicolor variety Taejin.

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), also known as great millet, is one of the most popular cultivated grass species in the world. Sorghum is frequently consumed as food for humans and animals as well as used for ethanol production. In this study, we conducted de novo transcriptome assembly for sorghum variety Taejin by next-generation sequencing, obtaining 8.

The complete genomic sequence of a tentative new polerovirus identified in barley in South Korea.

The complete nucleotide sequence of a new barley polerovirus, tentatively named barley virus G (BVG), which was isolated in Gimje, South Korea, has been determined using an RNA sequencing technique combined with polymerase chain reaction methods. The viral genomic RNA of BVG is 5,620 nucleotides long and contains six typical open reading frames commonly observed in other poleroviruses. Sequence comparisons revealed that BVG is most closely related to maize yellow dwarf virus-RMV, with the highest amino acid identities being less than 90 % for all of the corresponding proteins.

One-step multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for the simultaneous detection of three rice viruses.

Rice stripe virus (RSV), Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV), and Rice dwarf virus (RDV) are major rice-infecting viruses in Korea that can cause serious crop losses. A one-step multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (mRT-PCR) was developed for the simultaneous detection of these rice viruses. Three sets of specific primers targeted to the capsid protein coding genes of RSV, RBSDV, and RDV were used to amplify fragments that were 703 bp, 485 bp, and 252 bp, respectively.