Growth, Nutrient Deposition, Plasma Metabolites, and Innate Immunity Are Associated with Feeding Rate in Juvenile Starry Flounder ().

A 10-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of different feeding rates on growth performance, nutrient deposition, plasma metabolite, and immunity of juvenile starry flounder. Fish (initial mean body weight, 183.6 ± 2.

Improvement of field falling-head test and determination of hydraulic conductivity using Darcy's equation.

This study presents a novel permeameter design for field falling-head tests to determine vertical hydraulic conductivity (K) using Darcy's equation. The design features an open-ended standpipe with two ports for simultaneous measurement of hydraulic heads at both ends of the sediment column, enabling direct estimation of flow rate (q) and hydraulic gradient (i). Flow rate is calculated by differentiating the best-fit curve for water level change above the sediment, and the hydraulic gradient is derived from the head difference between the ports.

Pathways from school to work: A sequence analysis of non-engaged youth.

Introduction: Research on heterogeneous pathways in school-to-work transitions (SWT), particularly longitudinal research, has been limited, as have empirical studies examining effective interventions for facilitating multiple SWT pathways among non-engaged youth (NEY), who are generally at risk of being not in education, employment, or training (NEET).

Methods: To develop a typology of SWT pathways, we conducted sequence analysis with longitudinal data from a sample of 630 NEY aged 14-29 (M = 19.78; 63.

Nasally delivered chitosan-coated poly(lactide-co-glycolide) encapsulating honeybee venom enhances T helper 1-related immunity against Salmonella Typhimurium infection in pigs.

Objective: Salmonella Typhimurium is a significant zoonotic concern for human food poisoning and a substantial economic burden in the swine industry. We previously reported that nasally delivered chitosan-coated poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) encapsulating honeybee venom (CP-HBV) could enhance CD4+ T helper 1 (Th1)-related immune responses in healthy pigs. Building upon these findings, the current study aimed to investigate the protective immune enhancement by nasally delivered CP-HBV in pigs challenged with S Typhimurium.

Immune-enhancing Effects of Chitosan-fermented Feed Additive on Broiler Chickens and Subsequent Protection Conferred against Experimental Infection with Gallinarum.

Benefits chitosan-fermented feed additives (CFFAs) particularly in the regulation of the immune system and antimicrobial activity. Therefore, we investigated the immune-enhancing and bacterial clearance effects of CFFA (fermented by ) on broiler chickens Gallinarum challenge. We administered 2% or 4% CFFA evaluated its immune-enhancing effects using several immunological experiments, including examination of lysozyme activity, lymphocyte proliferation, and expression of cytokines.

Mitigating Effects of Tenebrio molitor Larvae Powder Administration in Mice with Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS)- Induced Colitis.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease that affects people worldwide. The causes of UC are diverse, and symptoms include diarrhea, weight loss, anemia, rectal bleeding, and bloody stools. Tenebrio molitor larvae have recently gained attention as edible insects with various physiological and medical effects.

Assessment of Safety, Effects, and Muscle-Specific Accumulation of Dietary Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT) in .

Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) is a commonly used antioxidant added to animal/fish feed to limit lipid autoxidation and peroxidation. Although there have been reviews and reports of BHT toxicity in animals, limited information is available with respect to the toxic effects and accumulation of BHT due to oral exposure in aquaculture species. Therefore, 120 days of feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary BHT on the marine fish olive flounder .

Characteristics and biological control functions of sp. PM8313 as a host-associated probiotic in red sea bream () aquaculture.

Host-associated probiotics (HAPs) are bacteria originally isolated from rearing water or the host's gastrointestinal tract in order to enhance the host's growth and health. This study investigated the HAP potential of sp. PM8313, isolated from wild red sea bream (), through characterization and feeding trials.

Comparison of growth performance, non-specific immunity, and intestinal microbiota of olive flounder () fed with extruded pellet and moist pellet diets under field conditions in South Korea.

A 6-month feeding trial was conducted to compare the effects of extruded pellet (EP) and moist pellet (MP) feed on the growth performance, non-specific immunity, and intestinal microbiota of olive flounder. A total of 60,000 fish with an average weight of 70.8 ± 6.

Dietary Supplementation of sp. PM8313 with β-glucan Modulates the Intestinal Microbiota of Red Sea Bream () to Increase Growth, Immunity, and Disease Resistance.

A 56-day feeding trial was conducted to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with sp. isolated from the intestines of red sea bream on the growth performance, immunity, and gut microbiome composition of red sea bream. Three diets (a control diet and two treatments) were formulated without sp.

Effect of Fishmeal Content in the Diet on the Growth and Sexual Maturation of Olive Flounder () at a Typical Fish Farm.

Olive flounder () is a commercially important and valuable species for aquaculture in Korea. Due to the unstable supply of fishmeal for farmed fish, an optimum fish-feed formulation should be researched to ensure the sustainability of aquaculture. This study investigated the effect of three experimental diets: Con (basal diet); FM (20% fishmeal replacement of CON); and FM (30% fishmeal replacement of CON) on over 20 weeks at a typical farm by monitoring the growth and factors relating to sexual maturation.

A preliminary study of dietary protein requirement of juvenile marbled flounder ().

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to determine the optimal dietary protein level for juvenile marbled flounder. Five semi-purified test diets were formulated to contain different protein levels (CP) including 42.7%, 47.

Dietary Supplementation of Bacillus sp. SJ-10 and Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11322 Combinations Enhance Growth and Cellular and Humoral Immunity in Olive Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus).

Experiments were conducted to identify different ratios of Bacillus sp. SJ-10 and Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11322 mixtures at a concentration of 1 × 10 CFU/g diet; the effects on growth and cellular and humoral immune responses and the characteristics of disease protection in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Flounder were divided into six groups and fed control diet D-1 (without Bacillus sp.

Probiotic Potential of the Farmed Olive Flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, Autochthonous Gut Microbiota.

In recent years, considerable and growing attention has been given to the application of host-associated microorganisms as a more suitable source of probiotics in aquaculture sector. Herein, we isolated and screened the olive flounder gut microbiota for beneficial bacterial strains that might serve as potential probiotics in a low fishmeal extruded aquafeed. Among the ten identified isolates, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SK4079 and B.

Internal dynamics of inorganic and methylmercury in a marine fish: Insights from mercury stable isotopes.

Mercury isotope ratios in fish tissues have been used to infer sources and biogeochemical processes of mercury in aquatic ecosystems. More experimental studies are however needed to understand the internal dynamics of mercury isotopes and to further assess the feasibility of using fish mercury isotope ratios as a monitoring tool. We exposed Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) to food pellets spiked with varying concentrations (400, 1600 ng/g) of methylmercury (MeHg) and inorganic mercury (IHg) for 10 weeks.

Effects of dietary non-viable Bacillus sp. SJ-10, Lactobacillus plantarum, and their combination on growth, humoral and cellular immunity, and streptococcosis resistance in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus).

Heat-killed (HK) Bacillus sp. SJ-10 (B), HK Lactobacillus plantarum (P), and their combination were dietary supplemented to olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) to quantify the effects on growth, innate immunity, and disease resistance. Four test diets were supplied: a control feed free of HK probiotics, 1 × 10 CFUs g single treatments of each of HK B (HKB) and HK P (HKP), and an equal proportion of (0.

Dietary effect of low fish meal aquafeed on gut microbiota in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) at different growth stages.

This study was conducted to investigate the long-term effect of a low fish meal (FM) diet comprising plant-based protein sources (PPS) on changes of gut microbial diversity in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) over the course of life. Two experimental diets were prepared to contain 74% FM (control) or 52% FM with 22% PPS (30% FM replacement, FM30). Fish were fed one of the two experimental diets for 8 months, and we collected the midgut contents to analyze the gut bacterial community by Illumina MiSeq based on the metagenomic sequences in the V3-V4 regions of 16S rRNA.

Effects of dietary multi-strain probiotics supplementation in a low fishmeal diet on growth performance, nutrient utilization, proximate composition, immune parameters, and gut microbiota of juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus).

A 12-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of multi-strain probiotics (MSP) in a low fish meal (FM) diet on overall performance, gut microbiota, selected non-specific immune responses and antioxidant enzyme activities of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) juveniles. A total of 225 healthy olive flounders (initial mean body weight, 13.5 ± 0.

Effects of probiotic supplementation of a plant-based protein diet on intestinal microbial diversity, digestive enzyme activity, intestinal structure, and immunity in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus).

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of intestinal microbial manipulation by dietary probiotic supplementation on digestive enzyme activity, immune-related gene transcription, intestinal structure alteration, and viability against pathogenic challenge in olive flounder. Similar-sized flounders (14.92 ± 0.

Heat-killed Bacillus sp. SJ-10 probiotic acts as a growth and humoral innate immunity response enhancer in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus).

Investigations were carried out to evaluate and quantify the effects of dietary supplementation with heat-killed (HK) Bacillus sp. SJ-10 (BSJ-10) probiotic (1 × 10 CFU g) on the growth and immunity of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Flounder (averagely 9.

Autochthonous Bacillus licheniformis: Probiotic potential and survival ability in low-fishmeal extruded pellet aquafeed.

In recent years, Bacillus spp. have garnered attention as probiotic supplements in aquafeed owing to the production of heat stable and low pH resistant spores. Herein, we isolated and characterized an autochthonous Bacillus licheniformis KCCM 43270 from the intestine of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) for supplementation in low-fishmeal extruded aquafeeds.

Characterization of a Bacillus sp. isolated from fermented food and its synbiotic effect with barley β-glucan as a biocontrol agent in the aquaculture industry.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate Bacillus sp. SJ-10, isolated from traditional Korean seafood, as a probiotic. Strain SJ-10 was demonstrated to be safe, on the basis of in vitro tests confirming the absence of cytotoxicity, hemolysis, and genes with toxigenic potential, and was susceptible to antibiotics.

Synergistic effects of dietary Bacillus sp. SJ-10 plus β-glucooligosaccharides as a synbiotic on growth performance, innate immunity and streptococcosis resistance in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus).

Bacillus sp. SJ-10 (BSJ-10) was identified from traditional Korean fermented fish, the previously recognized prebiotic β-glucooligosaccharides (BGO), and their combination as a synbiotic were prepared to evaluate their individual and synergistic effects in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Four diets (one control and three treatments) were formulated containing neither BSJ-10 nor BGO (control), 1 × 10 CFU g BSJ-10 (BSJ-10), 0.