Orientation, electronic decoupling and band dispersion of heptacene on modified and nanopatterned copper surfaces.

The adsorption of heptacene (7 A) on Cu(110) and Cu(110)-(2 × 1)-O was studied with scanning tunneling microscopy, photoemission orbital tomography and density functional calculations to reveal the influence of surface passivation on the molecular geometry and electronic states. We found that the charge transfer into the 7 A molecules on Cu(110) is completely suppressed for the oxygen-modified Cu surface. The molecules are aligned along the Cu-O rows and uncharged.

Charge and adsorption height dependence of the self-metalation of porphyrins on ultrathin MgO(001) films.

We have experimentally determined the adsorption structure, charge state, and metalation state of porphin, the fundamental building block of porphyrins, on ultrathin Ag(001)-supported MgO(001) films by scanning tunneling microscopy and photoemission spectroscopy, supported by calculations based on density functional theory. By tuning the substrate work function to values below and above the critical work function for charging, we succeeded in the preparation of 2H-P monolayers which contain negatively charged and uncharged molecules. It is shown that the porphin molecules self-metalate at room temperature, forming the corresponding Mg-porphin, irrespective of their charge state.

Large Distortion of Fused Aromatics on Dielectric Interlayers Quantified by Photoemission Orbital Tomography.

Polycyclic aromatic compounds with fused benzene rings offer an extraordinary versatility as next-generation organic semiconducting materials for nanoelectronics and optoelectronics due to their tunable characteristics, including charge-carrier mobility and optical absorption. Nonplanarity can be an additional parameter to customize their electronic and optical properties without changing the aromatic core. In this work, we report a combined experimental and theoretical study in which we directly observe large, geometry-induced modifications in the frontier orbitals of a prototypical dye molecule when adsorbed on an atomically thin dielectric interlayer on a metallic substrate.

Demonstrating the Impact of the Adsorbate Orientation on the Charge Transfer at Organic-Metal Interfaces.

Charge-transfer processes at molecule-metal interfaces play a key role in tuning the charge injection properties in organic-based devices and thus, ultimately, the device performance. Here, the metal's work function and the adsorbate's electron affinity are the key factors that govern the electron transfer at the organic/metal interface. In our combined experimental and theoretical work, we demonstrate that the adsorbate's orientation may also be decisive for the charge transfer.

An investigation into the routes to inpatient care at the Pantang Hospital in Ghana via the criminal justice system.

Objectives: To develop knowledge of routes by which patients are admitted to Pantang hospital via the courts or police and to explore the factors that prevent discharge, rehabilitation or transfer to prison of these patients.

Setting: Pantang Psychiatric Hospital, Accra, Ghana, West Africa.

Design: A cross-sectional exploratory qualitative study.

Workup of Suspected Chest Metastases on F-FDG-PET/CT in Head and Neck Cancer: Worth the Wait?

The objective of our study is to assess the impact of equivocal or positive positron emission tomography combined with low-dose noncontrast computed tomography (PET/CT) findings in the chest on treatment for head and neck cancer (HNC). We reviewed charts of patients presented at Augusta University's Head and Neck Tumor Board (AUTB) between 2013 and 2016 with the following exclusion criteria: <18 years, Veterans Affairs patients, those with incomplete data, and those without a history of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The lung/thorax sections of the radiologists' PET/CT reports were graded as "Positive, Equivocal, or Negative" for chest metastases.

Art and Mental Health Recovery: Evaluating the Impact of a Community-Based Participatory Arts Program Through Artist Voices.

This study sought to evaluate the impact of participation in a 6-month community-based participatory arts program on mental health recovery. Using a case study methodology, a total of nine recent graduates from one of five separate groups held during the study period (2012-2015) were interviewed. All but one of the nine participants reported positive personal, emotional, physical and/or mental health changes as a result of her or his participation in the program.

What lies beneath? Fungal diversity at the bottom of Lake Michigan and Lake Superior.

Fungi are phylogenetically diverse organisms found in nearly every environment as key contributors to the processes of nutrient cycling and decomposition. To date, most fungal diversity has been documented from terrestrial habitats leaving aquatic habitats underexplored. In particular, comparatively little is known about fungi inhabiting freshwater lakes, particularly the benthic zone, which may serve as an untapped resource for fungal biodiversity.

Content Validity of Temporal Bone Models Printed Via Inexpensive Methods and Materials.

Hypothesis: Computed tomographic (CT) scans of the 3-D printed temporal bone models will be within 15% accuracy of the CT scans of the cadaveric temporal bones.

Background: Previous studies have evaluated the face validity of 3-D-printed temporal bone models designed to train otolaryngology residents. The purpose of the study was to determine the content validity of temporal bone models printed using inexpensive printers and materials.

Internal dose reconstruction under Part B of the energy employees compensation act.

The reconstruction of internal doses under Part B of the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act differs in multiple ways from that used in a typical operational setting. There are, for example, no limits at or above which doses must be assessed; all doses, including unmonitored or potentially undetected doses, must be reconstructed. In addition, the primary dose of concern is that delivered to the organ in which the cancer originated, and only the dose delivered to that organ prior to the time the cancer was diagnosed is relevant.

Two case studies of highly insoluble plutonium inhalation with implications for bioassay.

Two well characterised Pu inhalation cases show some remarkable similarities between substantially different types of Pu oxide. The circumstances of exposure, therapy, bioassay data, chemical solubility studies and dosimetry associated with these cases suggest that highly insoluble Pu may be more common than previously thought, and can pose significant challenges to bioassay programmes.

Intake retention functions and their applications to bioassay and the estimation of internal radiation doses.

This paper describes a way of obtaining and gives applications of intake retention functions. These functions give the fraction of an intake of radioactive material expected to be present in a specified bioassay compartment at any time after a single acute exposure or after onset of a continuous exposure. The intake retention functions are derived from a multicompartmental model and a recursive catenary kinetics equation that completely describe the metabolism of radioelements from intake to excretion, accounting for the delay in uptake from compartments in the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts and the recycling of radioelements between systemic compartments.

Morphological and cultural comparison of microorganisms in surface soil and subsurface sediments at a pristine study site in Oklahoma.

Surface-soil and subsurface microfloras at the site of a shallow aquifer in Oklahoma were examined and compared with respect to (1) total and viable cell numbers, (2) colony and cell types that grew on various plating media, (3) cell morphologies seen in flotation films stripped from sample particles, and (4) cellular ultrastructure. Appreciable numbers of microbial cells were present in the subsurface (total counts: 10(6)-10(7) cellsg(-1); viable counts up to 10(6) cells · g(-1)), but the subsurface microflora was considerably less populous than that of the surface soil (total counts: 10(9) cells·g(-1); viable counts: 10(7)-10(8) cells · g(-1)). The subsurface microflora (especially that of the saturated zone) also appeared to be much less diverse, containing fewer microbial types that would grow on enumeration plates (on nutrient-rich media, 3-4 colony types versus 19-22 for the surface soil) and fewer cell types that could be distinguished by direct microscopy (3-4 types versus 17 for the surface soil).

Improved flotation technique for microscopy of in situ soil and sediment microorganisms.

An improved flotation method for microscopy of in situ soil and sediment microorganisms was developed. Microbial cells were released into gellike flotation films that were stripped from soil and sediment aggregates as these aggregates were submerged in 0.5% solutions of polyvinylpyrrolidone.