A Survey of Parents' Perspective of Receiving a Developmental Diagnosis for Their Child.

Receiving a diagnosis, such as cerebral palsy (CP), can have lasting impacts on caregivers and families. Previous literature has described that caregivers wish to receive a diagnosis together, without delay, in a private, direct, honest, and sympathetic way. This study aimed to understand the experience of caregivers of children with cerebral palsy (CP) or similar conditions when receiving a diagnosis for their child.

Diagnostic properties of differing BP thresholds for adverse pregnancy outcomes in standard-risk nulliparous women: A secondary analysis of SCOPE cohort data.

Background: In 2017, the American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) lowered blood pressure (BP) thresholds to define hypertension in adults outside pregnancy. If used in pregnancy, these lower thresholds may identify women at increased risk of adverse outcomes, which would be particularly useful to risk-stratify nulliparous women. In this secondary analysis of the SCOPE cohort, we asked whether, among standard-risk nulliparous women, the ACC/AHA BP categories could identify women at increased risk for adverse outcomes.

External Validation of Brief Resolved Unexplained Events Prediction Rules for Serious Underlying Diagnosis.

Importance: The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) higher-risk criteria for brief resolved unexplained events (BRUE) have a low positive predictive value (4.8%) and misclassify most infants as higher risk (>90%). New BRUE prediction rules from a US cohort of 3283 infants showed improved discrimination; however, these rules have not been validated in an external cohort.

Relationship between prepregnancy body mass index and gestational age-specific risk of stillbirth and perinatal death in women with chronic hypertension.

Background: Obesity is a risk factor for stillbirth and perinatal death and is often accompanied by chronic hypertension. However, there are few studies on the relationship between prepregnancy body mass index and gestational age-specific risks of stillbirth and perinatal death in women with chronic hypertension.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between prepregnancy body mass index and gestational age-specific risks of stillbirth and perinatal death in the presence/absence of chronic hypertension.

Characteristics of a revised quick sequential organ failure assessment score (RqSOFA) to predict in-hospital mortality of patients visiting the emergency department via ambulance: an observational cohort study.

The National Early Warning Score (NEWS), Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA), and modified qSOFA (MqSOFA) are scoring systems that rely on vital signs. However, NEWS is time-consuming, qSOFA has low sensitivity, and MqSOFA includes a difficult calculation. To address these issues, we developed the Revised qSOFA score (RqSOFA) that consists of percutaneous oxygen saturation, oxygen usage, Simple Shock Index, and the parameters of qSOFA.

Evaluating Renal Disease in Pediatric-Onset Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis: Disease Course, Outcomes, and Predictors of Outcome.

Objective: We aimed to study the disease course, outcomes, and predictors of outcome in pediatric-onset antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) affecting the kidneys.

Methods: Patients eligible for this study had a diagnosis of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), microscopic polyangiitis, or ANCA-positive pauci-immune glomerulonephritis, were 18 years or younger at diagnosis, had renal disease defined by biopsy or dialysis dependence, and had clinical data at diagnosis and at either 12 or 24 months. Ambispective data from A Registry for Children with Vasculitis/Pediatric Vasculitis Initiative Registry was used.

The Impact of Public Policy on Equitable Access to Technology for Children and Youth Living with Type 1 Diabetes in British Columbia, Canada.

Structural inequities impede technology uptake in marginalized populations living with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Our objective was to describe hemoglobin A1c (HbA), time in range (TIR), and pump use to evaluate the impact of a universal funding policy for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) across levels of deprivation in children with T1D in the Canadian province of British Columbia (BC). Patients with T1D and at least one outpatient visit after June 10, 2020 (1-year before universal CGM funding) who were enrolled in the BC Pediatric Diabetes Registry were included ( = 477).

Art for health's sake or health for art's sake: Disentangling the bidirectional relationships between arts engagement and mental health.

Increasing evidence links arts engagement with mental health, but the directionality of the link remains unclear. Applying a novel approach to causal inference, we used nonrecursive instrumental variable models to analyze two waves of data from the United Kingdom Household Longitudinal Study ( = 17,927). Our findings reveal bidirectional causal relationships between arts engagement (arts participation, cultural attendance, and heritage visits) and mental health (GHQ-12 mental distress and SF-12 Mental Component Summary mental well-being).

Durvalumab Following Chemoradiotherapy for Stage III Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Differences in Survival Based on Age and Post-Progression Systemic Therapy.

Background: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT) followed by 1 year of the immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) durvalumab is standard of care for patients with unresectable stage III nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate survival outcomes of (1) cCRT followed by durvalumab in patients older versus younger than 75 years of age and (2) post-progression treatment with ICI alone versus chemotherapy alone versus combined ICI and chemotherapy.

Patients And Methods: Patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC treated between January 2018 and July 2023 with cCRT followed by durvalumab were identified retrospectively.

Caregiver and Youth Characteristics That Influence Trust in Digital Health Platforms in Pediatric Care: Mixed Methods Study.

Background: Combining patient-generated health data and digital health platforms may improve patient experience and population health, mitigate rising health care costs, reduce clinician burnout, and enable health equity. However, lack of trust may be a notable barrier to the data-sharing required by such platforms. Understanding sociodemographic, health, and personal characteristics will enable developers and implementers of such technologies to consider these in their technical design requirements.

Health Care Language Models and Their Fine-Tuning for Information Extraction: Scoping Review.

Background: In response to the intricate language, specialized terminology outside everyday life, and the frequent presence of abbreviations and acronyms inherent in health care text data, domain adaptation techniques have emerged as crucial to transformer-based models. This refinement in the knowledge of the language models (LMs) allows for a better understanding of the medical textual data, which results in an improvement in medical downstream tasks, such as information extraction (IE). We have identified a gap in the literature regarding health care LMs.

MediAlbertina: An European Portuguese medical language model.

Background: Patient medical information often exists in unstructured text containing abbreviations and acronyms deemed essential to conserve time and space but posing challenges for automated interpretation. Leveraging the efficacy of Transformers in natural language processing, our objective was to use the knowledge acquired by a language model and continue its pre-training to develop an European Portuguese (PT-PT) healthcare-domain language model.

Methods: After carrying out a filtering process, Albertina PT-PT 900M was selected as our base language model, and we continued its pre-training using more than 2.

Classification of longitudinal estimated glomerular filtration rate trajectories in Canadian adults with type 1 diabetes.

Aims: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) increases the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) development. The aims of this study were to classify trajectories of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in a cohort of Canadian adults with T1D, and to describe the risk factors associated with declining eGFR trajectories.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort of adults with T1D, data was collected between 1996 and 2020.

Identifying serious underlying diagnoses among patients with brief resolved unexplained events (BRUEs): a Canadian cohort study.

Objective: To describe the demographics and clinical outcomes of infants with brief resolved unexplained events (BRUE).

Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Setting: 11 centres within the Canadian Paediatric Inpatient Research Network.

Associations between Japanese calligraphy practice and sleep quality in community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional Study.

Background: Sleep disturbances, such as insomnia, are common among the elderly population and have been associated with negative health outcomes. Japanese calligraphy is a traditional art practice previously associated with various health benefits, such as stress reduction and improved cognitive function; however, its association with sleep quality has not been fully explored.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 21,207 subjects with basic attributes, health status, depressive symptoms, artistic practices, and sleep habits.

Vertical arrays of artificial rockpools on a seawall provide refugia across tidal levels for intertidal species in the UK.

Eco-engineering of coastal infrastructure aims to address the insufficient intertidal habitat provided by coastal development and flood defence. There are numerous ways to enhance coastal infrastructure with habitat features, but a common method involves retrofitting artificial rockpools. Often these are 'bolt-on' units that are fixed to existing coastal infrastructure but there is a paucity of literature on how to optimise their arrangement for biodiversity.

Participatory and Receptive Arts Engagement in Older Adults: Associations with Cognition Over a Seven-Year Period.

There is growing evidence for the impact of arts engagement on later life cognition. However, confounding by socioeconomic factors may have led to an overestimation of this association. We analyzed data from 4,344 older adults in the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study.