Twice Weekly versus Thrice Weekly Hemodialysis-A Pilot Cross-Over Equivalence Trial.

Key Points: The 2015 Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative Guideline Update increased the contribution of residual kidney function, shortening the time required for twice weekly hemodialysis. No study had yet assessed the feasibility of prescribing twice weekly hemodialysis according to the updated guideline. Twice weekly hemodialysis prescribed using the updated guideline maintained quality of life and controlled fluid gain, potassium, and uremic solutes.

A comprehensive review on recent progress in chitosan composite gels for biomedical uses.

Chitosan (CS) composite gels have emerged as promising materials with diverse applications in biomedicine. This review provides a concise overview of recent advancements and key aspects in the development of CS composite gels. The unique properties of CS, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and antimicrobial activity, make it an attractive candidate for gel-based composites.

Curcumin and quercetin loaded nanocochleates gel formulation for localized application in breast cancer therapy.

After surgical excision of breast cancer, chemotherapy is recommended to eradicate any undiagnosed cancer cells and lower the likelihood of the cancer recurring. Curcumin and quercetin are two old flavonoid medicines used to treat breast cancer. Besides ambient popularity, they possess poor water solubility and poor bioavailability, limiting their usefulness.

Polysaccharide-based hydrogels for medical devices, implants and tissue engineering: A review.

Hydrogels are highly biocompatible biomaterials composed of crosslinked three-dimensional networks of hydrophilic polymers. Owing to their natural origin, polysaccharide-based hydrogels (PBHs) possess low toxicity, high biocompatibility and demonstrate in vivo biodegradability, making them great candidates for use in various biomedical devices, implants, and tissue engineering. In addition, many polysaccharides also show additional biological activities such as antimicrobial, anticoagulant, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, hemostatic, and anti-inflammatory, which can provide additional therapeutic benefits.

Physicochemical characterization, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of chitosan/carrageenan encumbered with Imatinib mesylate-polysarcosine nanoparticles for sustained drug release and enhanced colorectal cancer targeted therapy.

The objective of this investigation was to fabricate nanoparticles consisting of Imatinib mesylate-poly sarcosine-loaded chitosan/carrageenan in order to attain prolonged drug release and efficacious therapy for colorectal cancer. The study involved the synthesis of nanoparticles through the utilisation of ionic complexation and nanoprecipitation techniques. The subsequent nanoparticles were subjected to an assessment of their physicochemical characteristics, anti-cancer efficacy using HCT116 cell line, and acute toxicity.

Effective Drug Candidates against Global Pandemic of Novel Corona Virus (nCoV-2019): A Probability Check through Computational Approach for Public Health Emergency.

The infection of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) started form Wuhan, Chinais a devastating and the incidence rate has increased worldwide. Due to the lack of effective treatment against SARS-CoV-2, various strategies are being tested in China and throughout the world, including drug repurposing. To identify the potent clinical antiretroviral drug candidate against pandemic nCov-19 through computational tools.

Risk of de novo proteinuria following hospitalization with acute kidney injury.

Background: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) incidence has continued to rise and is recognized as a major risk factor for kidney disease progression and cardiovascular complications. Early recognition of factors associated with post-AKI complications is fundamental to stratifying patients that could benefit from closer follow-up and management after an episode of AKI. Recent studies have shown that proteinuria is a prevalent sequela after AKI and a strong predictor of complications post-AKI.

Orexin system in buffalo ovarian follicles and effect of orexin on oestradiol production.

Orexin is a ligand for orexin receptors OX1R and OX2R; it is a neuropeptide with pleiotropic functions, including regulation of reproduction. The current study was carried out to investigate the mRNA expression of the prepro-orexin gene (PPO) and orexin receptors (OX1R and OX2R) in ovarian follicles during different stages of their development in the ovary of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and to determine the role of orexin on oestradiol production. Ovarian follicles were classified into four groups based on size and oestradiol (E ) level in the follicular fluid (FF) as follows: (i) small or F1, (ii) medium or F2, (iii) large or F3, and (iv) dominant/pre-ovulatory follicle or F4.

Insights into development of Decaprenyl-phosphoryl-β-D-ribose 2'-epimerase (DprE1) inhibitors as antitubercular agents: A state of the art review.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a causative agent for the world threatening infectious disease known as tuberculosis. M. tuberculosis is also referred as Koch's bacillus as it was first defined by Robert Koch in 1821.

Polysaccharide-based hydrogels for drug delivery and wound management: a review.

Introduction: Polysaccharide-based hydrogels (PBHs) offer several advantages over their synthetic counterparts. Their natural origin contributes to their nontoxicity, high biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Their properties can be tuned finely to obtain hydrogels with desired mechanical, structural, and chemical properties.

Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles: What We Know and What Do We Need to Know?

Nanobiotechnology is considered to be one of the fastest emerging fields. It is still a relatively new and exciting area of research with considerable potential for development. Among the inorganic nanomaterials, biogenically synthesized silver nanoparticles (bio-AgNPs) have been frequently used due to their unique physicochemical properties that result not only from their shape and size but also from surface coatings of natural origin.

Nanotechnology as a Shield against COVID-19: Current Advancement and Limitations.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a global health problem that the WHO declared a pandemic. COVID-19 has resulted in a worldwide lockdown and threatened to topple the global economy. The mortality of COVID-19 is comparatively low compared with previous SARS outbreaks, but the rate of spread of the disease and its morbidity is alarming.

Compositional Differences in the Oral Microbiome of E-cigarette Users.

Electronic (e)-cigarettes have been advocated as a safer alternative to conventional tobacco cigarettes. However, there is a paucity of data regarding the impact of e-cigarette aerosol deposition on the human oral microbiome, a key component in human health and disease. We aimed to fill this knowledge gap through a comparative analysis of the microbial community profiles from e-cigarette users and healthy controls [non-smokers/non-vapers (NSNV)].

as a Novel Fungus for the Synthesis of Nanoparticles: Mechanism and Applications.

Nanotechnology is a new and developing branch that has revolutionized the world by its applications in various fields including medicine and agriculture. In nanotechnology, nanoparticles play an important role in diagnostics, drug delivery, and therapy. The synthesis of nanoparticles by fungi is a novel, cost-effective and eco-friendly approach.

Transcriptional and translational abundance of visfatin (NAMPT) in buffalo ovary during estrous cycle and its in vitro effect on steroidogenesis.

Visfatin is a highly conserved adipokine protein having multiple biological effects, including regulation of reproduction. Evidence in recent years has shown a pivotal role of visfatin in ovarian functions. The present study was conducted to evaluate the mRNA and protein abundance of visfatin in ovarian follicles and corpora lutea (CL) during different stages of their development in the ovary of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and to investigate the role of visfatin on estradiol (E) and progesterone (P) secretion.

Nanotechnology-based promising strategies for the management of COVID-19: current development and constraints.

Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic has been declared as a global emergency by the World Health Organization which has mounted global pressure on the healthcare system. The design and development of rapid tests for the precise and early detection of infection are urgently needed to detect the disease and also for bulk screening of infected persons. The traditional drugs moderately control the symptoms, but so far, no specific drug has been discovered.

Pharmacophore model and atom-based 3D quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) capsid assembly inhibitors.

A potential anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) agent with novel mode of action is urgently needed to fight against drug resistance HIV. The HIV capsid protein is important for both late and early stages of the viral replication cycle and emerged as a promising target for the developing of small molecule inhibitors of HIV. We design a Pharmacophore and 3D Quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) model for HIV Capsid Protein inhibitors, which helps to identify overall aspects of molecular structure that govern activity and for the prediction of novel HIV Capsid inhibitors.

Abundance of adiponectin mRNA transcript in the buffalo corpus luteum during the estrous cycle and effects on progesterone secretion in vitro.

Adiponectin is an adipocyte derived cytokine implicated in energy homeostasis, insulin resistance and is involved in the regulation of reproduction both centrally and peripherally in animals. The present study was conducted to investigate adiponectin (ADIPOQ) and its receptors ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2 abundance of mRNA transcript and protein in different stages of corpora lutea (CL) development during the estrous cycle of water buffalo and to determine the effect of adiponectin on cultured luteal cells of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). The results indicate adiponectin, ADIPOR1, and ADIPOR2 were present in buffalo corpora lutea (CL) throughout the estrous cycle.

Expression and localization of adiponectin and its receptors in ovarian follicles during different stages of development and the modulatory effect of adiponectin on steroid production in water buffalo.

Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived hormone regulating energy metabolism, insulin sensitivity and recently found to regulate reproduction. The current study was carried out to investigate gene and protein expression, immunolocalization of adiponectin and its receptors AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 in ovarian follicles of different developmental stages in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and to investigate the effect of adiponectin on steroid production in cultured bubaline granulosa cells. qPCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry were applied to demonstrate mRNA expression, protein expression and immunolocalization, respectively.

STRONG-D: Strength training regimen for normal weight diabetics: Rationale and design.

Background: Currently, there is a lack of data on effective lifestyle recommendations for normal-weight diabetics (NWD), who can represent up to 1 in 5 individuals with Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). NWD is especially prevalent in Asian populations and the elderly. Specific exercise treatment recommendations are needed for patients with normal-weight diabetes (NWD), as those in this category face higher mortality rates than overweight and obese diabetics.

Identification and characterization of a novel infectious bursal disease virus from outbreaks in Maharashtra Province of India.

Aim: The study was undertaken to isolate infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) from clinical cases in broiler and cockerel flocks of Maharashtra state, India, and its molecular epidemiological investigation.

Materials And Methods: The morbid bursal tissues were collected from flocks suspected for IBD. The samples were subjected for virus adaptation in primary chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cells followed by confirmation by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for partial VP sequence and phylogenetic analysis.

Evaluating the clinical implementation of structured exercise: A randomized controlled trial among non-insulin dependent type II diabetics.

Background: The American Diabetes Association (ADA) currently recommends 150 min of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week and resistance exercise at least twice per week in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) to improve overall health [1]. However, approximately 38% of patients with T2DM do not exercise at recommended levels and 31% do not exercise at all [2]. The efficacy of structured exercise interventions has been proven effective in reducing glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in patients, but practical approaches are needed to translate these findings into the clinical setting [3-7].