[The enterotoxigenic capacity of hemolysin-producing strains of Proteus isolated in acute intestinal infections in children].

The capacity of P. mirabilis and P. vulgaris strains isolated in acute enteric infections in children for producing enterohemolysin, a new type of hemolysin, has been shown.

[Changes in antigenic properties of lipopolysaccharides of Shigella sonnei phase I having lost the virulence due to transposon integration into the invasiveness plasmid PSS120].

A nonvirulent strain of Shigella sonnei phase I has been obtained by integration of the transposon Tn5 into the invasiveness plasmid pSS120 in the virulent strain and designated NR18. The presence of the plasmid pSS120 in both strains results in the similar morphology and bacterial ability to agglutinate in the presence of antiserum to Shigella sonnei phase I antigen. The lipopolysaccharide preparations from the virulent and nonvirulent strains give the similar reactions with the antiserum in the reaction of hemagglutination.

[The adhesion of clinical isolates of Campylobacter jejuni to intestinal epithelial cells in vitro].

The adhesive activity of C. jejuni isolated from feces of children with Campylobacter infection was studied with the use of a newly developed model. 47 clinical isolates were analyzed; of these, 91% were found to be enteroadhesive to a variable degree.

[The epidemiology of escherichiosis in 2 agrarian regions].

A study of the epidemiology of escherichiosis in two agricultural regions of the Ukraine revealed differences in the etiological structure in the limits of regions, points within a twelve-year period. It is concluded that continuous monitoring of serological pictures of pathogenic Escherichia is necessary.

[Changes in the functional state of the adrenal glands in experimental bronchospasm in dogs].

Changes in the adrenal functional state were revealed during the development of bronchoconstriction induced by allergen inhalation in 7 dogs sensitized with ovalbumin. The decrease in V1 (expiratory flow-volume) on an average by 58% was noted after inhalation of 1000 microG of ovalbumin. The significant decrease in II-hydroxycorticosteroids (II-OCS), adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, and a tendency to the increase in histamine content were observed in the venous blood plasma.

Stable Salmonella live vaccine strains with two or more attenuating mutations and any desired level of attenuation.

Mutants optimally attenuated for highly susceptible hosts and protecting after a single oral vaccination are often overattenuated for host species being less susceptible. Therefore, to select vaccine strains optimally attenuated for the particular host species it is essential that a range of mutants with graded levels of attenuation be provided so as to permit lesser susceptibility to be compensated for by a correspondingly lower level of attenuation. This, while guaranteeing the stability through two-marker or multi-marker attenuation, can be suitably accomplished by slightly to moderately virulence-reducing mutations.

[The virulence and antibiotic resistance of Escherichia isolated from man].

The virulence and antibiotic resistance of the same 75 strains of pathogenic Escherichia (PE) has been studied. Simultaneous determination of virulence in three tests (keratoconjuctival, intranasal and with the infection of cell culture) has permitted increasing detection of virulence strains to 97.4%.

[The effect of a peripheral beta-adrenergic blockade on protein absorption in the small intestine in the early postoperative period].

It was demonstrated in experiments on dogs that enteral absorption of protein occurs in phases. An operative trauma reduces the rate and duration of absorption, disorganizes the phase structure of the process, and reduces the supply of protein to the organism. Obzidan blockade of the beta-adrenergic structures restores the rate, duration, and time organization of absorption and thus increases the entry of protein into the organism.

[Use of fats in early enteral feeding].

It was established in experiments on dogs that tropism of the small intestine to proteins, fats, and carbohydrates is determined by the organism's requirements in them. Clinical studies showed the efficacy of enteral administration of fats in a highly dispersed form. Peripheral beta-adrenergic block was found to be a modulator of the functions of the small intestine which were disturbed by the operative trauma.

Site-directed mutagenesis of the inhibitory subunit of retinal rod cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase.

In order to study the role of individual amino acids in the function of the inhibitory subunit, gamma, of retinal rod phosphodiesterase (PDE), the following substitutions were made: Arg-24----Gly, Lys-29----Thr, Arg-33----Gly, Lys-39----Thr, Lys-41----Thr, Lys-44----Thr, Lys-45----Thr, Glu-77----Gly, and Tyr-84----Ala. Deletion of seven C-terminal amino acids (delta 81-87) was also investigated, and the activity of all the mutant PDE gamma forms determined. Expression of the mutant PDE gamma genes was achieved by sequential in vitro transcription and translation.

[Clinical use of echotomography with target aspiration biopsy and urgent cytological examination].

Upon analysis of the results obtained at cytological examinations of the biopsies performed by target aspiration puncture under the control of ultrasound tomography in 240 patients with various diseases, it was established that combination of aspiration puncture, ultrasound tomography and rapid cytological evaluation improve diagnosis of various diseases, reduce the duration of the examination, increase the quality of treatment.

Live Shigella flexneri 2a and Shigella sonnei I vaccine candidate strains with two attenuating markers. I. Construction of vaccine candidate strains with retained invasiveness but reduced intracellular multiplication.

Live Shigella flexneri 2a and Shigella sonnei Phase I vaccine candidate strains with two virulence-reducing markers were constructed through stepwise incorporation of weakly attenuating purine auxotrophy with subsequent rifampicin-resistance (RNA polymerase) mutation to yield optimal attenuation. These vaccine candidate strains showed an unaltered plasmid profile; did not cause keratoconjunctivitis in the Sereny test, while being excreted for a short but still marked period and providing partial protection from wild-strain infection; exhibited for guinea-pig conjunctival epithelia, HeLa cells and rat enterocytes a maintained invasiveness with reduced intracellular multiplication with little, if any, reversible cell damage; and produced, just as their ultrasonic lysates, no exudative reaction in the rabbit gut loop test.

[The epidemiology of escherichiosis at recreation areas].

A study of epidemiological and microbiological data (2073 epidemiological examinations of patients with escherichiosis and carriers of pathogenic Escherichia and microbiological examination of 2156 strains of pathogenic Escherichia) in two recreation zones with different types of industry (clean recreation zone and that with developed industry) revealed differences in the incidence of the escherichiosis morbidity and carrier state of Escherichia, age structure of patients and carriers, seasonal distribution of the patients and proportion of the serogroups of pathogenic Escherichia isolated in the zones. It is concluded that above findings are of importance for planning antiepidemic measures in case of escherichiosis.

[The detection of a choleriform thermolabile enterotoxin in clinical strains of Proteus isolated in different infections].

The capacity of Proteus strains, isolated from patients with purulent inflammatory, urological and enteric infections, for the production of choleriform thermolabile enterotoxin was studied by means of the enzyme immunoassay (EIA) with the use of antitoxic serum to Escherichia coli enterotoxin. Out of 125 strains, 27 (21.6%) showed the capacity for producing choleriform thermolabile enterotoxin in EIA experiments.

[The adhesive properties of a nonenteropathogenic strain of Escherichia coli in systems in vitro on isolated rat enterocytes and in vivo].

The adhesive properties and colonizing capacity of E. coli strain O83, isolated from feces of healthy humans and marked according to its resistance to rifampicin and nalidixic acid, were studied. In vivo experiments on germ-free rats revealed that these bacteria were capable of colonizing intestinal mucosa; colonization increased from the small to large intestine and E.

[The characteristics of acute enterocolitis and Escherichia infections in the Ukrainian SSR].

A nosogeographic study in the Ukrainian SSR revealed 3 zones of gastroenterocolitis morbidity: low, average and above average. Also cartographically were determined 3 Escherichia infection morbidity zones in children under 1 year of age. Conformity of pathogenic Escherichia serogroups (025, 026, 055, 0119 and others) among most humans, animals and environment suggest circulation of pathogens by the cycle: man (patient, carrier)--environment--animals (birds) and vice versa.

[The role of swimming pools in the spread of intestinal infections].

A kindergarten swimming bath was experimentally infested with M-17 Bacillus coli. It was found that after bathing 10% of children showed Escherichia M-17 in the feces. It is concluded that presence of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms in the water of swimming baths may be considered a qualitative and quantitative criterion of epidemic risk during bathing in infected basins in case hygienic norms are not observed per person.

[Methods of analyzing hematologic characteristics based on light scattering].

The methods of simultaneous identification of hematological blood parameters are described, i.e. general hemoglobin concentration, relative concentrations of hemoglobin derivatives, erythrocyte volume concentration, some erythrocyte aggregational parameters, checked on the same methodological basis.

[Reciprocal effect of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Lactobacillus on their cytadhesion].

Reciprocal effect of 4 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 6 Lactobacillus strains on their cytadhesion in mixed populations was studied on a model of formalinized human erythrocytes. The Lactobacillus strains included 2 strains of Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei, 2 strains of L.

[The eosinophil--the human blood cell superaffined to endotoxin].

With the help of immunofluorescent diagnostic system (specific immunoglobulins against glycolipid of S. minnesota Re-595) has been shown to permit the detection of endotoxin into eosinophil. Statistically significant differences in the occurrence of endotoxin in eosinophils of patients and healthy persons have been revealed.